Optical disk, an optical disk barcode forming method, an optical disk reproduction apparatus, a marking forming apparatus, a method of forming a laser marking on an optical disk, and a method of manufacturing an optical disk

• US 20040184394A1
• Filed: 02/20/2004
• Published: 09/23/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 10/09/1995
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Kenji Koishi, Mitsuaki Oshima, Mitsuro Moriya, Shinichi Tanaka, Yoshiho Gotoh
• Original Assignee: Kenji Koishi, Mitsuaki Oshima, Mitsuro Moriya, Shinichi Tanaka, Yoshiho Gotoh
• Inventors: Tanaka, Shinichi, Oshima, Mitsuaki, Gotoh, Yoshiho, Koishi, Kenji, Moriya, Mitsuro
• Granted Patent: US 7,095,697 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 369/275.3
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 1/126 by photographic or thermographic registration recording apparatus for measuring instruments G01D15/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/04 characterised by the shape
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/06018 one-dimensional coding
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/06028 using bar codes
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/08 using markings of different kinds or more than one marking of the same kind in the same record carrier, e.g. one marking being sensed by optical and the other by magnetic means
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/14 the marking being sensed by radiation
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 2019/06243 concentric-code
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 2019/06271 Relief-type marking
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 13/04 magnetically or by magnetisation and optically or by radiation, for changing or sensing optical properties
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 13/045 combined recording by magnetic and optic means
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 19/04 Arrangements for preventing, inhibiting, or warning against double recording on the same blank or against other recording or reproducing malfunctions
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 19/12 by sensing distinguishing features of or on records, e.g. diameter end mark
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 19/122 involving the detection of an identification or authentication mark record carriers indicating unauthorised or prior use G11B23/28
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00086 Circuits for prevention of unauthorised reproduction or copying, e.g. piracy indicating unauthorised use of record carriers in general G11B23/28; scrambling for television signal recording H04N5/913; network architectures or network protocols for network security H04L63/00; cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00094 involving measures which result in a restriction to authorised record carriers
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00115 wherein the record carrier stores a unique medium identifier
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00123 the record carrier being identified by recognising some of its unique characteristics, e.g. a unique defect pattern serving as a physical signature of the record carrier
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00137 involving measures which result in a restriction to contents recorded on or reproduced from a record carrier to authorised users
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00144 involving a user identifier, e.g. a unique customer ID
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00152 involving a password
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/0021 : involving encryption or decryption of contents recorded on or reproduced from a record carrier
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/0026 : the key being stored as a barcode
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00268 : said barcode being recorded in a burst cutting area [BCA]
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00326 : the key being embossed on the record carrier
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00347 : wherein the medium identifier is used as a key
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00384 : the key being derived from a physical signature of the record carrier, e.g. unique feature set
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00492 : wherein content or user data is encrypted
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00528 : wherein each title is encrypted with a separate encryption key for each title, e.g. title key for movie, song or data file
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00543 : wherein external data is encrypted, e.g. for secure communication with an external device or for encrypting content on a separate record carrier
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00557 : wherein further management data is encrypted, e.g. sector headers, TOC or the lead-in or lead-out areas
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00586 : said format change concerning the physical format of the recording medium
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/0071 : involving a purchase action
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/0084 : wherein the usage restriction can be expressed as a specific time or date
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00855 : involving a step of exchanging information with a remote server
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/00876 : wherein physical copy protection means are attached to the medium, e.g. holograms, sensors, or additional semiconductor circuitry
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/0092 : involving measures which are linked to media defects or read/write errors
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/10 : Digital recording or reproducing
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/1217 : on discs
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/1252 : for discontinuous data, e.g. digital information signals, computer programme data
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/1403 : characterised by the use of two levels
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/1419 : to or from biphase level coding, i.e. to or from codes where a one is coded as a transition from a high to a low level during the middle of a bit cell and a zero is encoded as a transition from a low to a high level during the middle of a bit cell or vice versa, e.g. split phase code, Manchester code conversion to or from biphase space or mark coding, i.e. to or from codes where there is a transition at the beginning of every bit cell and a one has no second transition and a zero has a second transition one half of a bit period later or vice versa, e.g. double frequency code, FM code
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/1426 : conversion to or from block codes or representations thereof
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 20/1833 : by adding special lists or symbols to the coded information G11B20/1806, G11B20/1866 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 2007/0013 : for carriers having multiple discrete layers
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 2020/122 : Burst cutting area [BCA]
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 2020/1259 : with ROM/RAM areas
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 2220/213 : Read-only discs
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 2220/2545 : CDs
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 2220/2562 : DVDs [digital versatile discs]; Digital video discs; MMCDs; HDCDs
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 2220/61 : wherein solid state memory is used for storing A/V content storing computer data in solid state memories G06F
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 23/0042 : with provision for auxiliary features sensing such features G11B17/00, G11B19/02
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 23/281 : by changing the physical properties of the record carrier
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 23/283 : Security features, e.g. digital codes
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 23/284 : on the record carrier
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 23/30 : with provision for auxiliary signals
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 23/34 : Signal means additional to the main recording track, e.g. photoelectric sensing of sprocket holes for timing
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 23/38 : Visual features other than those contained in record tracks or represented by sprocket holes the visual signals being auxiliary signals
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 27/24 : by sensing features on the record carrier other than the transducing track ; sensing signals or marks recorded by another method than the main recording
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 5/86 : Re-recording, i.e. transcribing information from one magnetisable record carrier on to one or more similar or dissimilar record carriers by varying the order of the information G11B27/029, G11B27/036
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 7/0037 : with discs
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 7/005 : Reproducing G11B7/0065 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 7/0053 : Reproducing non-user data, e.g. wobbled address, prepits, BCA
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 7/007 : Arrangement of the information on the record carrier, e.g. form of tracks , actual track shape, e.g. wobbled, or cross-section, e.g. v-shaped; Sequential information structures, e.g. sectoring or header formats within a track
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 7/00736 : Auxiliary data, e.g. lead-in, lead-out, Power Calibration Area [PCA], Burst Cutting Area [BCA], control information sector headers or adresses in prepits G11B7/00745; address data in track wobble G11B7/24082
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 7/24038 : Multiple laminated recording layers
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 7/26 : Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of record carriers
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 7/268 : Post-production operations, e.g. initialising phase-change recording layers, checking for defects investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in optical discs G01N21/9506

Abstract

Disclosed is an optical disk barcode forming method wherein, as information to be barcoded, position information for piracy prevention, which is a form of ID, is coded as a barcode and is recorded by laser trimming on a reflective film in a PCA area of an optical disk. When playing back the thus manufactured optical disk on a reproduction apparatus, the barcode data can be played back using the same optical pickup.

Claims

1. An optical disk on which data is recorded with CLV, wherein, in a prescribed region of a pre-pit signal area on said disk, all or part of a barcode is written in overwriting fashion by selectively removing a reflective film in said prescribed region.

2. An optical disk according to claim 1, wherein a control data area is provided for holding therein physical feature information concerning said optical disk, and an identifier for indicating the presence or absence of said barcode is recorded in said control data area.

3. An optical disk according to claim 2, wherein a guard-band area where no data is recorded is provided between said control data area and said prescribed region of said pre-pit signal area.

4. An optical disk according to claim 1, wherein said barcode is formed in such a manner that two or more barcode signals cannot occur within one prescribed time slot.

5. An optical disk according to claim 1, wherein said barcode contains data at least including ID information uniquely given to said optical disk.

6. An optical disk according to claim 5, wherein said barcode contains data including, in addition to said ID information, a public key of a public key encryption function corresponding to said ID information, said public key being used when encrypting prescribed data for transmission to an external party in order to obtain from said external party a password required to reproduce said optical disk.

7. An optical disk according to claim 5, wherein said ID information is encrypted or applied a digital signature to.

8. An optical disk according to claim 7, wherein a secret key of a public key encryption function is used when applying encryption or a digital signature to said ID information.

9. An optical disk according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein said optical disk is constructed from two disk-substrates laminated together.

10. An optical disk barcode forming method wherein pulsed laser light from a light source is made into a rectangular beam pattern by using a rectangular mask and said rectangular beam pattern is focused on a reflective film in a pre-pit signal region in a prescribed radius portion of an optical disk on which data is recorded, and at the same time, said optical disk is rotated, thereby forming a plurality of rectangular reflective-film-removed regions as a barcode in the same radius portion on said reflective film.

11. An optical disk barcode forming method according to claim 10, wherein said optical disk includes a control data area for holding therein physical feature information concerning said optical disk, and an identifier for indicating the presence or absence of said barcode is recorded in said control data area.

12. An optical disk barcode forming method according to claim 11, wherein said barcode is formed in such a manner that two or more barcode signals cannot occur within one prescribed time slot.

13. An optical disk barcode forming method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein said optical disk is constructed from two disk-substrates laminated together.

14. An optical disk reproduction apparatus wherein recorded contents of a main data recording area, recorded by forming pits on an optical disk, are reproduced by using a rotational phase control for a motor, while recorded contents of a different recording area than said main data recording area, recorded by selectively forming low-reflectivity portions on a reflective film in said different recording area, are roproduced by using rotational speed control for said motor, and

the recorded contents of said main data recording area and the recorded contents of said different recording area are both reproduced by using the same optical pickup.

15. An optical disk reproduction apparatus according to claim 14, wherein tracking control is not performed in said different recording area.

16. An optical disk reproduction apparatus according to claim 14, wherein tracking control is, in effect, performed in said different recording area.

17. An optical disk reproduction apparatus according to claim 16, wherein said rotational speed is the rotational speed that would be achieved in said different recording area if said rotational phase control were applied.

18. An optical disk reproduction apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the rotational speed of said motor in said rotational speed control is maintained at a prescribed value based on a result obtained by measuring a minimum-length pit in said different recording area.

19. An optical disk reproduction apparatus according to claim 14, wherein said low-reflectivity portions are a barcode formed by selectively removing said reflective film.

20. An optical disk reproduction apparatus according to claim 14, wherein

said low-reflectivity portions are a barcode, and

when reproducing the recorded contents of said different recording area, a high-frequency-component signal generated during reproduction of said pits is reduced or eliminated by a low-pass filter, thereby making it possible to separate a signal which is reproduced from said barcode.

21. An optical disk reproduction apparatus according to claim 14, wherein

said low-reflectivity portions are a barcode, and

when reproducing the recorded contents of said different recording area, the width of a signal obtained by reading said barcode is increased to a prescribed width and then measured with sampling pulses from a control section.

22. An optical disk reproduction apparatus according to any one of claims 14 to 21, wherein said optical disk is constructed from two disk-substrates laminated together.

23. An optical disk reproduction apparatus according to claim 14, wherein said optical disk includes a control data area for holding therein physical feature information concerning said optical disk, and an identifier for indicating the presence or absence of said barcode is recorded in said control data area.

24. An optical disk reproduction apparatus according to claim 23, wherein, after reading recorded contents of said control data area and judging the presence or absence of said barcode, it is determined whether an optical pickup should be moved to an inner portion or an outer portion of said optical disk.

25. A marking forming apparatus comprising:

marking forming means for applying a marking on a reflective film formed on a disk;

marking position detecting means for detecting a position of said marking; and

position information writing means for converting at least said detected position information or information concerning said position information into a barcode, and for selectively removing said reflective film to write said barcode to an optical disk on which data is recorded with CLV,

wherein all or part of said barcode is written in overwriting fashion to a prescribed region of a pre-pit signal area on said optical disk.

26. A marking forming apparatus according to claim 25, wherein said disk is constructed from two disk-substrates laminated together.

27. A marking forming means according to claim 25, wherein said position information writing means includes encrypting means for encrypting at least said detected position information or information concerning said position information, and writes contents thus encrypted to said disk.

28. A marking forming apparatus according to claim 25, wherein said position information writing means includes digital signature means for applying a digital signature to at least said detected position information or information concerning said position information,

and the writing at least said detected position information or information concerning said position information means writing information concerning a result of said digital signature application to said disk.

29. A reproduction apparatus comprising:

position information reading means for reading position information of a marking or information concerning said position information, said position information or said information being formed by (1) applying a marking on a reflective film formed on a disk, (2) detecting position of the marking, (3) converting detected said position information or said information into a barcode, and (4) writing the barcode with selectively removing said reflective film on said optical disk on which data is recorded with CLY;

marking reading means for reading information concerning a physical position of said marking;

comparing/judging means for performing comparison and judgement by using a result of reading by said position information reading means and a result of reading by said marking reading means; and

reproducing means for reproducing data recorded on said optical disk in accordance with a result of the comparison and judgement performed by said comparing/judging means,

wherein all or part of said barcode is written in overwriting fashion to a prescribed region of a pre-pit signal area on said optical disk.

30. A reproduction apparatus according to claim 29, wherein at least said detected position information or information concerning said position information is written to said disk by position information writing means.

31. A reproduction apparatus according to claim 30, wherein

said position information writing means includes encrypting means for encrypting at least said detected position information or information concerning said position information, and

said position information reading means includes decrypting means corresponding to said encrypting means, and by using said decrypting means, decrypts said encrypted position information or information concerning said position information.

32. A reproduction apparatus according to claim 30, wherein

said position information writing means includes digital signature means for applying a digital signature to at least said detected position information or information concerning said position information, and writes information concerning a result of said digital signature application to said disk,

and said position information reading means includes

authenticating means corresponding to said digital signature means, and

position information extracting means for obtaining said position information from an authentication process performed by said authenticating means and/or from said information concerning the result of said digital signature application,

when an output indicating correctness of said authentication result is produced from said authenticating means, said comparing/judging means performs the comparison and judgement by using the position information obtained by said position information extracting means and the result of reading by said marking reading means, and when said output indicating correctness is not produced, the reproduction is not performed.

33. A method of manufacturing a disk, comprising the steps of:

forming at least one disk;

forming a reflective film to said formed disk;

applying at least one marking to said reflective film;

detecting at least one position of said marking; and

encrypting said detected position information and writing said encrypted information onto said disk,

wherein, when encrypting and writing, at least said encrypted information is converted into a barcode, and said barcode is written by selectively removing said reflective film on said disk on which data is recorded

with CLV, all or part of said barcode being written in overwriting fashion to a prescribed region of a pre-pit signal area on said disk.

34. A method of manufacturing a disk, comprising the steps of:

forming at least one disk;

forming a reflective film to said formed disk;

applying at least one marking to said reflective film;

detecting at least one position of said marking; and

applying a digital signature to said detected position information and writing onto said disk,

wherein, when applying said digital signature and writing, at least a result of said digital signature is converted into a barcode, and said barcode is written by selectively removing said reflective film on said disk on which data is recorded with CLV, all or part of said barcode being written in overwriting fashion to a prescribed region of a pre-pit signal area on said disk.

35. A disk wherein a marking is formed by a laser to a reflective film of said disk holding data written thereon, at least position information of said marking or information concerning said position information is encrypted or applied a digital signature, at least said encrypted information or digital signature-appended information is converted into a barcode, and said barcode is written by selectively removing said reflective film on said disk on which data is recorded with CLV, all or part of said barcode being written in

overwriting fashion to a prescribed region of a pre-pit signal area on said disk.

36. Reproduction circuit in an optical disk reproduction apparatus for use with a disk on which data is recorded, wherein in a prescribed region of said disk, an identifier is provided for indicating whether a barcode-like mark is present or not on said optical disk, said identifier and said barcode-like mark are in respectively different locations on said disk, said barcode-like mark disposed in a circumferential direction, and said barcode-like mark having a plurality of bars, each of said bars extending in a radial direction, said prescribed region is included in a control data area in which physical feature information regarding said optical disk is recorded,

said reproduction circuit comprising:

input means receiving reproduced signals from said optical disk,

demodulation means demodulating said barcode-like mark from said received reproduced signals by using reverse conversion of phase encoding method,

identifier detection means detecting whether said identifier is 0 or 1 in the received reproduced signals, and

output means outputting the value of said identifier to controlling means of said optical disk reproduction apparatus.

37. A reproduction circuit according to claim 36, wherein

a signal is generated which indicates whether or not said identifier indicates presence of said mark.

38. A reproduction circuit according to claim 36, wherein

said physical feature information includes physical characteristics of said disk.