Bandwidth monitoring device

• US 20040184444A1
• Filed: 01/30/2004
• Published: 09/23/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 02/21/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Alaxala Networks Corporation (Fortinet Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Matsuyama, Nobuhito, Akahane, Shinichi, Aimoto, Takeshi, Sugai, Kazuo, Ishikawa, Yuichi, Yano, Hiroki, Sakata, Yoshihiko
• Granted Patent: US 7,397,765 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 370/352
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/10 Flow control; Congestion control
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/11 Identifying congestion
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/20 Traffic policing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/2408 for supporting different services, e.g. a differentiated services [DiffServ] type of service
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/283 in response to processing delays, e.g. caused by jitter or round trip time [RTT]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/32 by discarding or delaying data units, e.g. packets or frames
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/36 by determining packet size, e.g. maximum transfer unit [MTU]

Abstract

In one embodiment, a bandwidth monitoring device comprises a packet receiving circuit configured to receive packets; a counter configured to count a total packet length by adding up inputted packet lengths including a packet length of a next input packet and subtracting outputted packet lengths to produce a counted value; a timer configured to time a packet receiving time; a memory configured to store a number of packet receiving times and a number of counted values counted by the counter which correspond to the packet receiving times, respectively; a counter rate-of-change calculating portion configured to calculate a change rate by a first counted value corresponding to an oldest packet receiving time stored in the memory representing an oldest time at which a packet was received and a second counted value corresponding to a latest packet receiving time stored in the memory representing a latest time at which a packet was received; and a determining portion configured to decide whether the next input packet will be discarded based on a probability computed by the change rate and the counted value counted by the counter when the packet receiving circuit receives the next input packet.

Claims

1. A bandwidth monitoring device for monitoring a packet bandwidth, comprising:

a counter residual quantity value determining portion configured to determine a current counter residual quantity value which represents a residual value of a packet length counter value by adding up inputted packet lengths and subtracting outputted packet lengths immediately prior to input of a next input packet; and

a monitoring results determining portion configured to set determination criteria, and to determine in accordance with the determination criteria whether input packets violate or comply with a monitored bandwidth;

wherein the determination criteria include a determination criterion, based on the counter residual quantity value from said counter residual quantity value determining portion, that all input packets are in compliance with a monitored bandwidth when the counter residual quantity value is equal to or less than a first threshold value;

wherein the determination criteria include a determination criterion such that a drop probability, by which a determination is made that input packets violate the monitored bandwidth when the counter residual quantity value exceeds the first threshold value, becomes greater pursuant to increases in the counter residual quantity value; and

wherein the determination criteria include a determination criterion that all input packets violate a monitored bandwidth when the counter residual quantity value exceeds a second threshold value which is greater than the first threshold value.

2. The bandwidth monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the counter residual quantity value determining portion is configured to determine the current counter residual quantity value by computing an elapsed time which has passed since a packet having an identical flow identifier as the inputted packet was in compliance with a monitored bandwidth, multiplying the elapsed time by the monitored bandwidth, computing a counter decrement from when the preceding packet having the identical flow identifier was determined to be in compliance with the monitored bandwidth until immediately prior to the packet being inputted, and subtracting the counter decrement from the packet length counter value to obtain the counter residual quantity value immediately prior to the packet being inputted.

3. The bandwidth monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein said monitoring results determining portion is configured to determine a rate of change of a counter residual quantity value from a preceding counter residual quantity value and a preceding time corresponding to the preceding counter residual quantity value, and the current counter residual quantity value determined by said counter residual quantity value determining portion, and a current time corresponding to the current counter residual quantity value, to determine a change rate of the drop probability relative to the counter residual quantity value in accordance with the determined rate of change of the counter residual quantity value, and to determine, based on the current counter residual quantity value and a random number value, whether or not input packets will be dropped in accordance with said determination criteria by virtue of an updated drop probability which is updated according to the change rate of the drop probability.

4. The bandwidth monitoring device according to claim 3, further comprising a bandwidth monitoring table configured to store bandwidth monitoring control information with respect to each flow of input packets;

and wherein said bandwidth monitoring control information comprises a threshold value, which is the threshold value for determining a violation by a probability for change corresponding to the packet length counter value;

a gradient for deciding a probability for making a determination as to compliance or violation;

a monitored bandwidth for expressing a monitoring rate;

a plurality of times, which are times for determining that packets, which reference the same bandwidth monitoring control information, were in compliance with a monitored bandwidth in the past; and

a plurality of counter residual quantity values for each of the plurality of times.

5. The bandwidth monitoring device according to claim 4, wherein the immediately preceding time immediately prior to the packet being inputted and the counter residual quantity value of the preceding time, and an oldest time at which a packet was received and the counter residual quantity value of the oldest time are read out from said bandwidth monitoring table, and are sent, respectively, to said counter residual quantity value determining portion and said monitoring results determining portion.

6. The bandwidth monitoring device according to claim 3, wherein said monitoring results determining portion comprises:

an oldest time storing module configured to store an oldest time at which a packet was received;

an oldest counter storing module configured to store the counter residual quantity value of the oldest time;

a threshold value storing module configured to output a first threshold value, which is a starting position for a probabilistic bandwidth violation determination;

a gradient storing module configured to output a gradient for deciding a probability to be used for carrying out a bandwidth violation determination; and

a monitoring counter storing module configured to output random counter values;

wherein said monitoring results determining portion is configured to set said determination criteria based on output values of said storing modules.

7. The bandwidth monitoring device according to claim 3, further comprising a plurality of input lines and a plurality of output lines;

wherein an input packet inputted from one of the input lines of said plurality of input lines is outputted to any of the output lines of said plurality of output lines; and

wherein said determination criteria are set for each of said plurality of input lines, and the bandwidth for input packets is monitored using the determination criteria.

8. The bandwidth monitoring device according to claim 7, wherein said determination criteria are set for each flow of input packets, which is the flow of a series of packets determined from at least one of the information inside a packet header of said input packet and the input line information, and wherein the bandwidth for input packets is monitored using said determination criteria.

9. The bandwidth monitoring device according to claim 3, further comprising a packet receiving circuit configured to rewrite a transmission priority of a packet that violates the monitored bandwidth to a lower priority.

10. The bandwidth monitoring device according to claim 3, further comprising a packet receiving circuit configured to drop a packet that violates the monitored bandwidth.

11. A bandwidth monitoring device for monitoring a bandwidth of either fixed-length or variable-length packets, the bandwidth monitoring device comprising:

a counter residual quantity value determining portion configured to determine a current counter residual quantity value which represents a residual value of a packet length counter value by adding up inputted packet lengths and subtracting outputted packet lengths immediately prior to input of a next input packet; and

a monitoring results determining portion configured to set determination criteria, and to determine in accordance with the determination criteria whether input packets violate or comply with a monitored bandwidth;

wherein the determination criteria include a determination criterion, based on an added value representing a sum of the counter residual quantity value from said counter residual quantity value determining portion and a packet length of the next input packet, that all input packets are in compliance with the monitored bandwidth when the added value is equal to or less than a first threshold value; and

wherein the determination criteria include a determination criterion such that a drop probability, by which a determination is made that input packets violate the monitored bandwidth when the added value exceeds the first threshold value, becomes greater pursuant to increases in the added value.

12. The bandwidth monitoring device according to claim 11, wherein the determination criteria set by said monitoring results determining portion include a determination criterion that all input packets violate the monitored bandwidth when said added value exceeds a second threshold value that is larger than the first threshold value.

13. The bandwidth monitoring device according to claim 11, wherein said monitoring results determining portion is configured to determine a rate of change of a counter residual quantity value from a past counter residual quantity value and a past time corresponding to the past counter residual quantity value, and a current counter residual quantity value determined by said counter residual quantity determining portion and a current time corresponding to the current counter residual quantity value, to determine a change rate of a drop probability relative to the counter residual quantity value in accordance with the determined rate of change, and to determine, with respect to the current counter residual quantity value, whether input packets violate or comply with a monitored bandwidth in accordance with said determination criteria by virtue of an updated drop probability which is updated according to the change rate of the drop probability.

14. The bandwidth monitoring device according to claim 11, further comprising a bandwidth monitoring table configured to store bandwidth monitoring control information for each flow of input packets;

wherein said bandwidth monitoring control information comprises said first threshold value for carrying out either a violation or compliance determination;

gradient information;

monitored bandwidth information for expressing a monitoring rate;

a plurality of times, which are times for determining that packets, which reference the same bandwidth monitoring control information, were in compliance with a monitored bandwidth in the past; and

a plurality of counter residual quantity values for each of the plurality of times.

15. A bandwidth monitoring device, comprising:

a packet receiving circuit configured to receive packets;

a counter configured to count a total packet length by adding up inputted packet lengths including a packet length of a next input packet and subtracting outputted packet lengths to produce a counted value;

a timer configured to time a packet receiving time;

a memory configured to store a number of packet receiving times and a number of counted values counted by said counter which correspond to the packet receiving times, respectively;

a counter rate-of-change calculating portion configured to calculate a change rate by a first counted value corresponding to an oldest packet receiving time stored in said memory representing an oldest time at which a packet was received and a second counted value corresponding to a latest packet receiving time stored in said memory representing a latest time at which a packet was received; and

a determining portion configured to decide whether the next input packet will be discarded based on a probability computed by said change rate and the counted value counted by said counter when said packet receiving circuit receives the next input packet.

16. The bandwidth monitoring device according to claim 15, wherein the determining portion is configured to set determination criteria, and to determine in accordance with the determination criteria whether input packets violate a monitored bandwidth and will be discarded or comply with the monitored bandwidth;

wherein the determination criteria include a determination criterion, based on the counted value counted by said counter, that all input packets are in compliance with the monitored bandwidth when the counted value is equal to or less than a first threshold value; and

wherein the determination criteria include a determination criterion such that a drop probability, by which a determination is made that input packets violate the monitored bandwidth when the counted value exceeds the first threshold value, becomes greater pursuant to increases in the counted value.

17. The bandwidth monitoring device according to claim 16, wherein the determination criteria set by the determining portion include a determination criterion that all input packets violate the monitored bandwidth when the counted value exceeds a second threshold value which is greater than the first threshold value.

18. The bandwidth monitoring device according to claim 16, further comprising a bandwidth monitoring table configured to store bandwidth monitoring control information for each flow of input packets;

wherein the bandwidth monitoring control information comprises the first threshold value for carrying out either a violation or compliance determination;

gradient information;

monitored bandwidth information for expressing a monitoring rate;

a plurality of times, which are times for determining that packets, which reference the same bandwidth monitoring control information, were in compliance with a monitored bandwidth in the past; and

a plurality of counted values for each of the plurality of times.