Speech section detection apparatus

• US 20040193406A1
• Filed: 03/26/2003
• Published: 09/30/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 03/26/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: FUJITSU TEN LIMITED; AND TSURU GAKUEN, JOINTLY, Tsuru Gakuen
• Original Assignee: FUJITSU TEN LIMITED; AND TSURU GAKUEN, JOINTLY, Tsuru Gakuen
• Inventors: Nakamura, Masataka, Iwamoto, Shinichi, Oomoto, Yoshinao, Kitao, Hideki, Yamato, Toshitaka, Iwata, Osamu
• Granted Patent: US 7,231,346 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 704/207
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 25/78 Detection of presence or absence of voice signals switching of direction of transmission by voice frequency in two-way loud-speaking telephone systems H04M9/10

Abstract

A speech section detection apparatus capable of reliably detecting a speech section even for a word containing a glottal stop sound or for a word containing a succession of “s” column sounds or “h” column sounds (sounds in the third column or the sixth column in the Japanese Goju-on Zu syllabary table). A speech signal detected by a microphone is amplified by a line amplifier, and converted by an analog/digital converter into a digital signal which is then stored in a memory. The stored speech signal is fetched into a pitch detector where a speech pitch is extracted by processing the speech signal in time domain. A gate signal generator controls the gate signal based on the speech pitch, and a speech section signal generator controls a speech section signal based on the gate signal. A word can be extracted by segmenting the speech signal stored in the memory in accordance with the speech section signal.

Claims

1. A speech section detection apparatus comprising:

preprocessing means for removing noise contained in a speech signal;

speech pitch extracting means for extracting a speech pitch signal from the speech signal from which noise has been removed by the preprocessing means;

gate signal generating means for generating a gate signal based on the speech pitch extracted by the speech pitch extracting means; and

speech section signal generating means for generating a speech section signal based on the gate signal generated by the gate signal generating means.

2. A speech section detection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising speech signal segmenting means for segmenting the speech signal, from which noise has been removed by the preprocessing means, into a plurality of speech sections based on the speech section signal generated by the speech section signal generating means.

3. A speech section detection apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the speech pitch extracting means comprises:

subtraction processing means for applying subtraction processing for removing any speech signal smaller than a prescribed amplitude, to the speech signal from which noise has been removed by the preprocessing means;

constant amplitude means for making essentially constant the amplitude of the speech signal to which the subtraction processing has been applied by the subtraction processing means;

negative peak emphasizing means for detecting a positive peak and a negative peak subsequent to the positive peak from the speech signal whose amplitude has been made essentially constant by the constant amplitude means, and for generating a speech signal whose negative peak is emphasized by subtracting the positive peak from the negative peak; and

differentiating means for detecting the speech signal whose negative peak has been emphasized by the negative peak emphasizing means, and for differentiating the detected signal.

4. A speech section detection apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the subtraction processing means comprises:

envelope difference calculating means for calculating a positive envelope and a negative envelope of the speech signal from which noise has been removed by the preprocessing means, and for calculating an envelope difference representing the difference between the positive envelope and the negative envelope;

subtraction processing threshold value calculating means for calculating a subtraction processing threshold value by multiplying the envelope difference calculated by the envelope difference calculating means by a prescribed coefficient factor; and

subtraction processing threshold value subtracting means for subtracting the subtraction processing threshold value from the amplitude of the speech signal when the amplitude of the speech signal from which noise has been removed by the preprocessing means is equal to or greater than the subtraction processing threshold value calculated by the subtraction processing threshold value calculating means.

5. A speech section detection apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the subtraction processing means further comprises:

zero setting means for setting the amplitude of the speech signal to zero when the amplitude of the speech signal from which noise has been removed by the preprocessing means is smaller than the subtraction processing threshold value calculated by the subtraction processing threshold value calculating means.

6. A speech section detection apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the constant amplitude means comprises:

envelope difference calculating means for calculating a positive envelope and a negative envelope of the speech signal from which noise has been removed by the preprocessing means, and for calculating an envelope difference representing the difference between the positive envelope and the negative envelope;

maximum envelope difference holding means for holding a maximum envelope difference out of envelope differences previously calculated by the envelope difference calculating means; and

constant-amplitude gain calculating means for calculating a constant-amplitude gain by dividing, by the present envelope difference, the maximum envelope difference held by the maximum envelope difference holding means.

7. A speech section detection apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the constant amplitude means further comprises:

unity gain setting means for setting the constant-amplitude gain to unity gain when the constant-amplitude gain calculated by the constant-amplitude gain calculating means is equal to or larger than a predetermined threshold value.

8. A speech section detection apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the gate signal generating means comprises:

gate signal opening means for opening the gate signal when an average value taken over a predetermined number of consecutive speech pitches extracted by the speech pitch extracting means becomes equal to or larger than a predetermined gate opening threshold value.

9. A speech section detection apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the gate signal generating means further comprises:

gate signal open state maintaining means for maintaining the gate signal in an open state once the gate signal is opened by the gate signal opening means, as long as the average value of the predetermined number of consecutive speech pitches extracted by the speech pitch extracting means does not become smaller than a gate closing threshold value which is smaller than the gate opening threshold value.

10. A speech section detection apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein the gate signal generating means further comprises:

gate signal closing means for closing the gate signal when the average value of the predetermined number of consecutive speech pitches extracted by the speech pitch extracting means becomes smaller than the gate closing threshold value.

11. A speech section detection apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the speech section signal generating means comprises:

first prescribed period counting means for counting a first prescribed period from the time the gate signal generated by the gate signal generating means is opened; and

speech section signal opening means for setting the speech section signal open by going back in time for a second prescribed period from the time the counting of the first prescribed period by the first prescribed period counting means is completed.

12. A speech section detection apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein the speech section signal generating means further comprises:

third prescribed period counting means for counting a third prescribed period from the time the gate signal generated by the gate signal generating means is closed; and

speech section signal closing means for closing the speech section signal when the counting of the third prescribed period by the third prescribed period counting means is completed.

13. A speech section detection apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein the speech section signal generating means further comprises:

speech section signal open state maintaining means for maintaining the speech section signal in an open state when the speech section signal is set open by the speech section signal opening means by going back in time for the second prescribed period before the counting of the third prescribed period by the third prescribed period counting means is completed.