Nanochannel arrays and their preparation and use for high throughput macromolecular analysis
First Claim
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1. A nanochannel array comprising a surface having a plurality of channels in the material of the surface, said channels having a trench width of less than about 150 nanometers and a trench depth of less than 200 nanometers;
- at least some of the channels being surmounted by sealing material to render such channels at least substantially enclosed.
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Abstract
Nanochannel arrays that enable high-throughput macromolecular analysis are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of preparing nanochannel arrays and nanofluidic chips. Methods of analyzing macromolecules, such as entire strands of genomic DNA, are also disclosed, as well as systems for carrying out these methods.
282 Citations
147 Claims
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1. A nanochannel array comprising
a surface having a plurality of channels in the material of the surface, said channels having a trench width of less than about 150 nanometers and a trench depth of less than 200 nanometers; at least some of the channels being surmounted by sealing material to render such channels at least substantially enclosed. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46)
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47. A method of preparing a nanochannel array, comprising the steps of:
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providing a substrate having a surface;
forming a plurality of channels in the material of the surface; and
depositing a sealing material on the plurality of channels to surmount the plurality of channels to render such channels at least substantially closed, the substantially closed channels having a trench width of less than about 150 nanometers and a trench depth of less than 200 nanometers. - View Dependent Claims (48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102)
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103. A nanofluidic chip, comprising:
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a) nanochannel array, comprising;
a substrate having a surface;
a plurality of parallel channels in the material of the surface, said channels having a trench width of less than about 150 nanometers and a trench depth of less than 200 nanometers;
at least some of the channels being surmounted by sealing material to render such channels at least substantially enclosed;
at least some of the channels are capable of admitting a fluid;
b) at least one sample reservoir in fluid communication with at least one of the channels, said sample reservoir capable of releasing a fluid; and
c) at least one waste reservoir in fluid communication with at least one of the channels, said waste reservoir capable of receiving a fluid. - View Dependent Claims (104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112)
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113. A system, comprising:
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A) a nanofluidic chip, comprising;
a) nanochannel array, comprising;
a substrate having a surface;
a plurality of parallel channels in the material of the surface, said channels having a trench width of less than about 150 nanometers and a trench depth of less than 200 nanometers;
at least one of the channels being surmounted by sealing material to render such channels at least substantially enclosed;
at least one of the channels capable of admitting a fluid; and
b) at least one sample reservoir in fluid communication with at least one of the channels, said sample reservoir capable of releasing a fluid; and
B) an apparatus for detecting at least one signal transmitted from the at least one fluid in the nanochannel array. - View Dependent Claims (114, 115, 116, 118, 119, 120, 122, 123, 124, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146)
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117. A method of analyzing at least one macromolecule, comprising the steps of:
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providing a nanofluidic chip, comprising;
a) nanochannel array, comprising;
a surface having a plurality of parallel channels in the material of the surface, said channels having a trench width of less than about 150 nanometers and a trench depth of less than 200 nanometers;
at least one of the channels being surmounted by sealing material to render such channels at least substantially enclosed;
at least one of the channels capable of admitting a fluid;
b) at least one sample reservoir in fluid communication with at least one of the channels, said sample reservoir capable of releasing a fluid containing at least one macromolecule;
providing the at least one sample reservoir with at least one fluid, said fluid comprising at least one macromolecule;
transporting the at least one macromolecule into the at least one channel to elongate said at least one macromolecule;
detecting at least one signal transmitted from the at least one elongated macromolecule; and
correlating the detected signal to at least one property of the at least one macromolecule. - View Dependent Claims (121, 125, 126)
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147. A cartridge comprising at least one nanofluidic chip, said cartridge capable of being inserted and removed from a system for carrying out macromolecular analysis, said at least one nanofluidic chip comprising at least one nanonanochannel array, said nanonanochannel array comprising
a surface having a plurality of channels in the material of the surface, said channels having a trench width of less than about 150 nanometers and a trench depth of less than 200 nanometers; at least some of the channels being surmounted by sealing material to render such channels at least substantially enclosed.
Specification