Feedback and coupling structures and methods
First Claim
1. A light emitting diode device comprising:
- a light emitting diode; and
a vertical coupling structure, wherein the vertical coupling structure changes a propagation direction of a portion of a substantially horizontal stimulated light emission within the light emitting diode such that the portion of the substantially horizontal stimulated light emission exits the light emitting diode as output light.
2 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
A light emitting device may include a light emitting layer such as an organic semiconductor material, one or more feedback structures, and a coupling structure. The one or more feedback structures may cause light emitted by the light emitting layer to be fed back through it along an axis in the plane of the device, thereby promoting the stimulated emission of light in the light emitting layer. The coupling structure couples some fraction of the feedback light out of the device. The coupled light may be emitted along an axis substantially normal to the plane of the device or at predetermined angles. The coupling and feedback structures may have a corrugated structure, a continuous variation of refractive index along an axis in the device plane, a period refractive index, or any combination thereof. The coupling and feedback structures may be separate, share common portion or combined together.
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Citations
49 Claims
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1. A light emitting diode device comprising:
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a light emitting diode; and
a vertical coupling structure, wherein the vertical coupling structure changes a propagation direction of a portion of a substantially horizontal stimulated light emission within the light emitting diode such that the portion of the substantially horizontal stimulated light emission exits the light emitting diode as output light. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. A method of generating light comprising:
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energizing a light emitting material such the light emitting material emits light;
reflecting at least a portion of the light emitted by the light emitting material back through the light emitting material to stimulate the emission of stimulated light; and
altering a direction of a portion of the stimulated light such that the portion of the stimulated light is coupled away from the light emitting material. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23)
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24. An emissive device comprising:
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a grating;
an anode adjacent the grating;
a hole injection layer adjacent the anode;
a hole transport layer adjacent the hole injection layer;
an emissive layer adjacent the hole injection layer;
an electron transport layer adjacent emissive layer;
an electron injection layer adjacent the electron transport layer;
a cathode adjacent the electron injection layer; and
a planarizing layer adjacent the cathode, wherein the hole transport layer and the anode have an index of refraction higher than the electron transport layer such that the hole transport layer, the anode and the electron transport layer form a waveguide, and wherein the grating feeds back a portion of a light incident thereon toward the anode and couples another portion of the light incident thereon away from anode. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27)
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28. A feedback enhanced emitter comprising:
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a light emitter;
a feedback structure; and
a coupling structure, wherein the feedback structure reflects light generated by the light emitter back into the light emitter, and wherein the coupling structure changes the propagation direction of a portion of a stimulated light emission within the light emitter such that the portion of the stimulated light emission exits the light emitter as output light. - View Dependent Claims (29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47)
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48. A method of generating light comprising:
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energizing a light emitting material to generate a first light;
reflecting at least a portion of the first light back to the light emitting material to stimulate an emission of a second light along a first axis; and
altering a propagation direction at least a portion of the second light to at least a second axis, wherein the first axis and the at least a second axis are not substantially parallel. - View Dependent Claims (49)
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Specification