Method and system for remote hemodynamic monitoring
First Claim
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1. A cardiac sensor system implantable in a heart, said system comprising:
- means for measuring a cardiac characteristic at at least one point in the cardiac cycle;
means for measuring a myocardial characteristic at at least one point in the cardiac cycle; and
means for transmission of the data from an implanted location in the heart to an external location.
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Abstract
A cardiac sensor system includes implanted cardiac sensor assemblies and an external controller which receives information from the implanted sensors. The sensors permit direct measurement of a number of physiologic parameters. The external controller permits calculation of a variety of performance values based on the measured physiological parameters. Optionally, patient oxygen consumption can be measured externally and combined with the internally measured physiologic parameters in order to calculate a variety of unique performance values.
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Citations
99 Claims
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1. A cardiac sensor system implantable in a heart, said system comprising:
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means for measuring a cardiac characteristic at at least one point in the cardiac cycle;
means for measuring a myocardial characteristic at at least one point in the cardiac cycle; and
means for transmission of the data from an implanted location in the heart to an external location. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A cardiac sensor assembly implantable across a cardiac wall, said assembly comprising:
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means for spanning the cardiac wall to provide surfaces on each side of the wall; and
at least one sensor on each surface. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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- 21. A cardiac sensor system implantable across a cardiac wall, said system comprising means for measuring displacement of opposite surfaces of the cardiac wall over time.
- 25. A cardiac sensor system implantable across a cardiac wall, said system comprising means for measuring expansibility across the wall over time.
- 28. A cardiac sensor system implantable on a cardiac wall, said system comprising means for measuring muscular contractility over a surface of the wall over time.
- 32. A cardiac sensor system implantable on or across a cardiac wall, said system comprising means for measuring myocardial compliance.
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34. A system for assessing cardiac status of a patient, said system comprising:
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a first interface adapted to receive data from cardiac sensors implanted in a patient and produce a plurality of outputs corresponding to said data;
a second interface adapted to receive external data selected from the group consisting of ambient pressure, patient oxygen consumption data, and patient carbon dioxide production data from a breath analyzer; and
a processor adapted to receive data from both interfaces and to calculate one or more cardiac performance values from the received data. - View Dependent Claims (35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42)
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43. A method for measuring a cardiac performance value, said method comprising:
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measuring a cardiac characteristic at at least one point in the cardiac cycle;
measuring a myocardial characteristic at at least one point in the cardiac cycle; and
determining the cardiac performance value based on a ratio of the measured cardiac characteristic and the measured myocardial characteristic. - View Dependent Claims (44, 45, 46, 47, 48)
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49. A method for calculating a ventricular performance value, said method comprising:
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measuring a change in ventricular pressure at two points in the cardiac cycle;
measuring a change in a myocardial contraction force at corresponding points in the cardiac cycle; and
determining the ventricular performance value based at least in part on a ratio between the measured changes in ventricular pressure and myocardial contraction force. - View Dependent Claims (50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59)
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60. A method for calculating a hypertrophy value characteristic of a patient'"'"'s heart, said method comprising:
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determining a cardiac output value;
measuring a myocardial thickness change at two points in the cardiac cycle; and
determining the hypertrophy value based at least in part on the ratio of cardiac output value and the measured myocardial thickness change. - View Dependent Claims (61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68)
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69. A method of calculating a cardiac efficiency value, said method comprising:
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determining a cardiac output value;
measuring a maximum pressure difference between a right atrium and a left ventricle;
measuring a myocardial thickness change at two points in the cardiac cycle;
determining a difference in myocardial contraction force at a location on the myocardium; and
determining a cardiac efficiency value based at least in part on the cardiac output value, the measured maximum pressure difference, the measured myocardial thickness change, and the determined difference in myocardial contraction force. - View Dependent Claims (70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80)
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81. A method of calculating a cardiac elasticity value, said method comprising:
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measuring a change in myocardial thickness between two points in a cardiac cycle;
measuring a change in myocardial contraction force at the same two points in the cardiac cycle; and
determining the cardiac elasticity value based at least in part on a ratio of the changes in myocardial thickness and contraction force. - View Dependent Claims (82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88)
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89. A method for calculating a ventricular performance value, said method comprising:
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measuring a change in ventricular pressure at two points in the cardiac cycle;
measuring a change in a myocardial thickness at corresponding points in the cardiac cycle; and
determining the ventricular performance value based at least in part on a ratio between the measured changes in ventricular pressure and myocardial thickness. - View Dependent Claims (90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99)
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Specification