Trans-septal pacing method and apparatus

• US 20040230283A1
• Filed: 04/27/2004
• Published: 11/18/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 11/29/2001
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Prinzen, Frits W., Struble, Chester L.
• Application Number:
  US10/832,738
• Publication Number:
  US 20040230283A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 607/126
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/056 Transvascular endocardial electrode systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0573 chacterised by means penetrating the heart tissue, e.g. helix needle or hook
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0587 Epicardial electrode systems; Endocardial electrodes piercing the pericardium
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36017 with leads or electrodes penetrating the skin
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/362 Heart stimulators heart defibrillators A61N1/39
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37254 Pacemaker or defibrillator security, e.g. to prevent or inhibit programming alterations by hackers or unauthorised individuals

Abstract

A medical electrical trans-septal pacing lead includes a lead body, a tine-like structure terminating a distal end of the lead body and a distal electrode coupled to the lead body at a position proximal to and in close proximity to the structure. A method for delivering left ventricular pacing to a heart includes inserting the trans-septal pacing lead through an inter-ventricular septal wall of the heart, from a right ventricle to a left ventricle, and positioning the distal electrode in a left ventricular endocardial surface of the septal wall.

Claims

1. A method of securely displaying visual data comprising the steps of:

generating a private key and a corresponding public key for a display apparatus;

securely storing the private key within the display apparatus;

communicating the public key from the display apparatus to an encryption apparatus;

encrypting the visual data at the encryption apparatus using the public key, whereby encrypted visual data is formed;

transporting the encrypted visual data from the encryption apparatus to the display apparatus;

decrypting the encrypted visual data within the display apparatus such that an electronic version of the visual data is maintained within circuit elements that are substantially inaccessible; and

displaying the visual data as a visual image.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the circuit elements comprise integrated circuit elements.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the integrated circuit elements comprise a display circuit and a diffractive light valve, the diffractive light valve displaying the visual image.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein the diffractive light valve comprises a diffractive light valve.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein the integrated circuit elements comprise portions of a single integrated circuit.

6. The method of claim 4:

wherein the integrated circuit elements comprise individual integrated circuits; and

further comprising the steps of encoding and decoding the visual data in order to transfer the visual data between the individual integrated circuits.

7. The method of claim 4 wherein the display circuit comprises a driver circuit for driving the diffractive light valve.

8. The method of claim 4 wherein the step of displaying the visual data comprises scanning a line image over a display screen such that the visual image has low persistence.

9. The method of claim 4 wherein the integrated circuit elements comprise a decryption circuit.

10. The method of claim 4 wherein the step of transporting the encrypted visual data comprises electronic transmission.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein the electronic transmission is selected from the group consisting of satellite transmission, optical fiber transmission, and internet transmission.

12. The method of claim 4 wherein the step of transporting the encrypted visual data comprises recording the encrypted visual data on a storage medium and physically transporting the storage medium.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein the storage medium comprises a standard storage medium.

14. The method of claim 12 wherein the storage medium comprises a non-standard storage medium.

16. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of generating the private key and the corresponding public key takes place within the display apparatus.

17. The method of claim 1

wherein the step of generating the private key and the corresponding public key takes place outside of the display apparatus;

and

further comprising the step of inputting the private key to the display apparatus in such a manner that human access to the private key is substantially unavailable.

15. (canceled)

18. (canceled)

19. A system for securely transmitting and displaying visual data comprising:

an encryption apparatus for encrypting the visual data, whereby encrypted visual data is formed;

means for transporting the encrypted visual data from the encryption apparatus to a display facility; and

a display apparatus located at the display facility that receives the encrypted visual data, the display apparatus decrypting the encrypted visual data such that an electronic version of the visual data is maintained within circuit elements that are substantially inaccessible, the display apparatus displaying the visual data as a visual images,

wherein the encryption apparatus uses a public key for encrypting the visual data, and

wherein the display apparatus uses a private key for decrypting the visual data, the private key residing within the display apparatus.

20. The system of claim 19 wherein the circuit elements comprise integrated circuit elements.

21. The system of claim 20 wherein the integrated circuit elements comprise a display circuit and further wherein the display circuit comprises a diffractive light valve for displaying the visual image.

22. The system of claim 21 wherein the light valve comprises a grating light valve.

23. The system of claim 22 wherein the integrated circuit elements comprise portions of a single integrated circuit.

24. The system of claim 22 wherein the integrated circuit elements comprise individual integrated circuits and further wherein the integrated circuit elements encode and decode the visual data to transfer the visual data between the individual integrated circuits.

25. The system of claim 22 wherein the display apparatus includes a scanning device for scanning a linear image over a display screen such that the visual image has low persistence.

26. The system of claim 22 wherein the means for transporting the encrypted visual data includes means for electronic transmission.

27. The system of claim 26 wherein the means for electronic transmission is selected from the group consisting of satellite transmission, optical fiber transmission, and internet transmission.

28. The system of claim 22 wherein the means for transporting the encrypted visual data includes a storage medium, the storage medium holding the encrypted visual data during transport of the storage medium.

29. The system of claim 28 wherein the storage medium comprises a standard storage medium.

30. The system of claim 28 wherein the storage medium comprises a non-standard storage medium.

32. The system of claim 19 wherein the display apparatus generates the public key and the private key.

33. The system of claim 19 wherein the public key and the private key have been generated outside of the display apparatus and further wherein the private key has been generated an input to the display apparatus in such a manner that human access to the private key is substantially unavailable.

31. (canceled)

34. (canceled)

35. A display apparatus for displaying encrypted visual data comprising circuit elements that are substantially inaccessible, the circuit elements comprising a decryption circuit for decrypting the encrypted visual data, whereby visual data is formed, the circuit elements comprising a display circuit for displaying the visual data as a visual image, such that an electronic version of the visual data is maintained within the circuit elements, wherein the display apparatus uses a private key for decrypting the encrypted visual data, wherein the private key resides within the display apparatus, and wherein the encrypted visual data was previously generated using a public key corresponding to the private key.

36. The display apparatus of claim 35 wherein the display circuit comprises a diffractive light valve for displaying the visual image.

37. The display apparatus of claim 36 wherein the diffractive light valve is a grating light valve.

38. A display apparatus for displaying encrypted visual data comprising:

a decryption circuit for decrypting the encrypted visual data, whereby the visual data is formed; and

a diffractive light valve for displaying the visual data as a visual image,

wherein the display apparatus uses a private key for decrypting the encrypted visual data,

wherein the private key resides within the display apparatus, and

wherein the encrypted visual data was previously generated using a public key corresponding to the private key.