Methods and apparatus for measuring orientation and distance
First Claim
1. An image metrology reference target, comprising:
- at least one fiducial mark; and
at least one orientation dependent radiation source disposed in a predetermined spatial relationship with respect to the at least one fiducial mark, the at least one orientation dependent radiation source emanating from an observation surface orientation dependent radiation having at least one detectable property in an image of the reference target that varies as a function of at least one of a rotation angle of the orientation dependent radiation source and a distance between the orientation dependent radiation source and a camera obtaining the image of the reference target.
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Abstract
Methods and apparatus for measuring orientation and distance. In one example, an orientation dependent radiation source emanates radiation having at least one detectable property that varies as a function of a rotation of the orientation dependent radiation source and/or an observation distance from the orientation dependent radiation source (e.g., a distance between the source and a radiation detection device). In one particular example, the rotation of the source is determined from a position or phase of the orientation dependent radiation on an observation surface of the source, and the observation distance between the source and the detection device is determined from a spatial frequency of the orientation dependent radiation. In another example, an image metrology reference target is provided that when placed in a scene of interest facilitates image analysis for various measurement purposes. Such a reference target may include automatic detection means for facilitating an automatic detection of the reference target in an image of the reference target obtained by a camera, and bearing determination means for facilitating a determination of position and/or orientation of the reference target with respect to the camera. In one example, the bearing determination means of the reference target includes one or more orientation dependent radiation sources.
257 Citations
53 Claims
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1. An image metrology reference target, comprising:
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at least one fiducial mark; and
at least one orientation dependent radiation source disposed in a predetermined spatial relationship with respect to the at least one fiducial mark, the at least one orientation dependent radiation source emanating from an observation surface orientation dependent radiation having at least one detectable property in an image of the reference target that varies as a function of at least one of a rotation angle of the orientation dependent radiation source and a distance between the orientation dependent radiation source and a camera obtaining the image of the reference target. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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24. The reference target of claim 0, wherein the at least one physical property of the reference target includes at least one of relative spatial positions of the at least one fiducial mark and the at least one orientation dependent radiation source, a size of the reference target, a size of the at least one orientation dependent radiation source, and a unique identifying attribute of the reference target.
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25. The reference target of claim 0, wherein the at least one automatically readable coded pattern includes a bar code affixed to the reference target.
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26. An apparatus, comprising:
at least one orientation dependent radiation source to emanate from an observation surface orientation dependent radiation having at least one detectable property that varies as a function of at least one of a rotation angle of the orientation dependent radiation source and a distance between the orientation dependent radiation source and a radiation detection device receiving the orientation dependent radiation. - View Dependent Claims (27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34)
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35. A method for processing an image including at least one orientation dependent radiation source that emanates from an observation surface orientation dependent radiation having at least a first detectable property in the image and a second detectable property in the image that each varies as a function of at least one of a rotation angle of the orientation dependent radiation source and a distance between the orientation dependent radiation source and a camera obtaining the image of the at least one orientation dependent radiation source, the method comprising acts of:
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determining the rotation angle of the orientation dependent radiation source from the first detectable property; and
determining the distance between the orientation dependent radiation source and the camera from at least the second detectable property. - View Dependent Claims (36, 37, 38)
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39. A computer readable medium encoded with a program for execution on at least one processor, the program, when executed on the at least one processor, performing a method for processing an image including at least one orientation dependent radiation source that emanates from an observation surface orientation dependent radiation having at least a first detectable property in the image and a second detectable property in the image that each varies as a fuinction of at least one of a rotation angle of the orientation dependent radiation source and a distance between the orientation dependent radiation source and a camera obtaining an image of the at least one orientation dependent radiation source, the method comprising acts of:
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determining the rotation angle of the orientation dependent radiation source from the first detectable property; and
determining the distance between the orientation dependent radiation source and the camera from at least the second detectable property. - View Dependent Claims (40, 41, 42)
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43. In a system including at least one orientation dependent radiation source that emanates from an observation surface orientation dependent radiation having at least a first detectable property and a second detectable property that each varies as a function of at least one of a rotation angle of the orientation dependent radiation source and a distance between the orientation dependent radiation source and a radiation detection device receiving the orientation dependent radiation, a method comprising acts of:
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determining the rotation angle of the orientation dependent radiation source from the first detectable property; and
determining the distance between the orientation dependent radiation source and the radiation detection device from at least the second detectable property. - View Dependent Claims (44, 45, 46)
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47. A computer readable medium encoded with a program for execution on at least one processor, the program, when executed on the at least one processor, performing a method in a system including at least one orientation dependent radiation source that emanates from an observation surface orientation dependent radiation having at least a first detectable property and a second detectable property that each varies as a function of at least one of a rotation angle of the orientation dependent radiation source and a distance between the orientation dependent radiation source and a radiation detection device receiving the orientation dependent radiation, the method comprising acts of:
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determining the rotation angle of the orientation dependent radiation source from the first detectable property; and
determining the distance between the orientation dependent radiation source and the radiation detection device from at least the second detectable property. - View Dependent Claims (48, 49)
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50. The computer readable medium of claim 50, wherein the first detectable property includes a detectable position of the orientation dependent radiation on the observation surface, and wherein the act of determining the rotation angle of the orientation dependent radiation source from the first detectable property includes an act of determining the rotation angle from the detectable position.
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51. An image metrology reference target, comprising:
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automatic detection means for facilitating an automatic detection of the reference target in an image of the reference target obtained by a camera; and
bearing determination means for facilitating a determination of at least one of a position and at least one orientation angle of the reference target with respect to the camera.
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52. The reference target of claim 0, wherein:
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the automatic detection means includes at least one robust fiducial mark; and
the bearing determination means includes at least one orientation dependent radiation source disposed in a predetermined spatial relationship with respect to the at least one fiducial mark, the at least one orientation dependent radiation source emanating from an observation surface orientation dependent radiation having at least one detectable property in the image of the reference target that varies as a function of at least one of a viewing angle of the orientation dependent radiation source and a distance between the orientation dependent radiation source and the camera obtaining the image of the reference target. - View Dependent Claims (53)
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Specification