Multi-purpose polymers, methods and compositions

• US 20040241130A1
• Filed: 03/08/2004
• Published: 12/02/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 09/13/2002
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Lubrizol Advanced Materials Incorporated (Berkshire Hathaway Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Lubrizol Advanced Materials Incorporated (Berkshire Hathaway Incorporated)
• Inventors: Tamareselvy, Krishnan, Greenslade, Charles T., Schmucker-Castner, Julie F.
• Application Number:
  US10/795,666
• Publication Number:
  US 20040241130A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 424/70.16
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 2800/5426 cationic
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/04 Dispersions; Emulsions
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/06 Emulsions
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/365 Hydroxycarboxylic acids; Ketocarboxylic acids
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/442 substituted by amido group(s)
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/8152 Homopolymers or copolymers of esters, e.g. (meth)acrylic acid esters; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/8158 Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides, e.g. (meth) acrylamide; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• CPC Class Codes: A61Q 19/00 Preparations for care of the skin
• CPC Class Codes: A61Q 19/10 Washing or bathing preparations
• CPC Class Codes: A61Q 5/02 Preparations for cleaning the hair
• CPC Class Codes: A61Q 5/06 Preparations for styling the hair, e.g. by temporary shaping or colouring
• CPC Class Codes: A61Q 5/12 Preparations containing hair conditioners
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 220/281 and containing only one oxygen, e.g. furfuryl (meth)acrylate or 2-methoxyethyl (meth)acrylate
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 220/286 and containing polyethylene oxide in the alcohol moiety, e.g. methoxy polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 290/06 Polymers provided for in subclass C08G
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 290/062 Polyethers
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 293/005 using free radical "living" or "controlled" polymerisation, e.g. using a complexing agent
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 2666/02 Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 53/00 Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 153/00 Coating compositions based on block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers

Abstract

Disclosed are multi-purpose polymers that are the polymerization product of a monomer mixture comprising at least one amino-substituted vinyl monomer; at least one nonionic vinyl monomer; at least one associative vinyl monomer; at least one semihydrophobic vinyl surfactant monomer; and, optionally, comprising one or more hydroxy-substituted nonionic vinyl monomer, crosslinking monomer, chain transfer agent or polymeric stabilizer. These vinyl addition polymers have a combination of substituents, including amino substituents that provide cationic properties at low pH, hydrophobic substituents, hydrophobically modified polyoxyalkylene substituents, and hydrophilic polyoxyalkylene substituents. The polymers provide surprisingly beneficial Theological properties in acidic aqueous compositions, and are compatible with cationic materials. Additionally, this invention relates to the incorporation of a basic material after the addition of an acidic material to reduce the pH of the composition without negatively impacting the viscosity of the composition. The multi-purpose polymers are useful in a variety of products for personal care, health care, household care, institutional and industrial care, and industrial applications.

Claims

1. A stable, aqueous polymer composition comprising:

a. an acid-swellable cationic associative polymer;

b. at least one amphoteric surfactant;

C. an optional surfactant selected from an anionic surfactant(s), a cationic surfactant(s), a non-inonic surfactant(s), and mixtures thereof;

d. an effective amount of an acidic material to yield a thickened polymer composition having a reduced pH ranging from about 0.5 to about 7;

e. an effective amount of a subsequently added alkaline pH adjusting agent to yield a composition having an increased pH relative to said reduced pH composition.

2. The polymer composition of claim 1 wherein said acid-swellable cationic associative polymer is polymerized from a monomer mixture comprising:

at least one amino-substituted vinyl monomer;

at least one hydrophobic nonionic vinyl monomer;

at least one associative vinyl monomer;

at least one semihydrophobic vinyl surfactant monomer; and

optionally at least one hydroxy substitued non-ionic vinyl monomer.

3. The polymer of claim 2 wherein said monomer mixture further contains a crosslinking monomer.

4. The polymer of claim 2 wherein the amino-substituted vinyl monomer is selected from:

a mono-(C₁-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₈)alkyl(meth)acrylate,

a di-(C₁-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₈)alkyl(meth)acrylate,

a mono-(C₁-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₈)alkyl(meth)acrylamide,

a di-(C₁-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₈)alkyl(meth)acrylamide,

a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic(meth)acrylamide,

a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic(meth)acrylate, and a mixture thereof.

5. The polymer of claim 2 wherein the hydrophobic nonionic vinyl monomer is a compound having either of the following formulas (I) or (II):

CH₂═

C(X)Z,  

 

(I) CH₂═

CH—

OC(O)R;

 

 

(II)

wherein, in each of formulas (I) and (II), X is H or methyl; and

Z is —

C(O)OR¹, —

C(O)NH₂, —

C(O)NHR¹, —

C(O)N(R¹)₂, —

C₆H₄R¹, —

C₆H₄OR¹, —

C₆H₄Cl, —

CN, —

NHC(O)CH₃, —

NHC(O)H, N-(2-pyrrolidonyl), N-caprolactamyl, —

C(O)NHC(CH₃)₃, —

C(O)NHCH₂CH₂—

N-ethyleneurea, —

SiR₃, —

C(O)O(CH₂)_xSiR₃, —

C(O)NH(CH₂)_xSiR₃, or —

(CH₂)_xSiR₃;

x is an integer in the range of 1 to about 6;

each R is independently C₁-C₃₀ alkyl;

each R¹ is independently C₁-C₃₀ alkyl, hydroxy-substituted C₂-C₃₀ alkyl or halogen-substituted C₁-C₃₀ alkyl.

6. The polymer of claim 2 wherein the hydrophobic nonionic vinyl monomer is a C₁-C₃₀ alkyl ester of acrylic acid, a C₁-C₃₀ alkyl ester of methacrylic acid, or a mixture thereof.

7. The polymer of claim 2 wherein the associative vinyl monomer is selected from at least one compound of the following formula (III):

8. The polymer of claim 2 wherein the semi-hydrophobic vinyl surfactant monomer comprises a polymerizable, unsaturated end group and a polyoxyalkylene group covalently bonded thereto.

9. The polymer of claim 8 wherein the polyoxyalkylene group is a homopolymer, a random copolymer, or a block copolymer comprising about 5 to about 250 C₂-C₄ oxyalkylene units.

10. The polymer of claim 2 wherein the semihydrophobic vinyl surfactant monomer is a compound having either of the following formulas (IV) or (V):

11. The polymer of claim 2 wherein said at least one hydroxy substitued non-ionic vinyl monomer is selected from 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxy-substituted (C₁-C₄)alkyl(meth)acrylamide, allyl alcohol, glycerol monoallyl ether, 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, and vinyl acetate.

12. The polymer of claim 11 wherein said monomer mixture comprisis, on a total monomer mixture weight basis:

(a) about 10 to about 70 weight percent of at least one amino-substituted vinyl monomer or a salt thereof;

(b) about 20 to about 80 weight percent of at least one hydrophobic nonionic vinyl monomer;

(c) about 0.01 to about 25 weight percent of at least one associative vinyl monomer;

(d) about 0.01 to about 25 weight percent of at least one semihydrophobic vinyl surfactant monomer; and

(e) up to about 10 weight percent of a hydroxy-substituted nonionic vinyl monomer;

13. The polymer of claim 12 wherein said monomer mixture comprisis, on a total monomer mixture weight basis:

(f) up to about 5 weight percent of a crosslinking monomer;

(g) up to about 10 weight percent of a chain transfer agent; and

(h) up to about 2 weight percent of a polymeric stabilizer.

14. A composition comprising the polymer of claim 1, 2 or 3 further including a buffering agent, an auxiliary hair-fixative, an auxiliary film former, an auxiliary rheology modifier, an auxiliary hair conditioning agent, an auxiliary skin conditioning agent, a chemical hair waving or straightening agent, a colorant, a surfactant, a polymer film modifying agent, a product stabilizing and finishing agent, a propellant, an auxiliary solvent, a metal ion chelating agent, a dispersant or a mixture thereof.

15. A composition comprising the polymer of claim 1, 2 or 3 further including a suspendable material selected from particulates, abrasives, water-insoluble oily materials, and mixtures thereof.

16. The composition of claim 14 further including a suspendable material selected from particulates, abrasives, water-insoluble oily materials, and mixtures thereof.

17. The composition of claim 15 wherein said suspendable material is selected from beads, mica, silicone fluid(s), gas bubbles, pearlizing agents, waxes, vitamins, oils, and mixtures thereof.

18. The composition of claim 16 wherein said suspendable material is selected from beads, mica, silicone fluid(s), gas bubbles, pearlizing agents, waxes, vitamins, oils, and mixtures thereof.

19. The composition of claim 1 wherein said acidic material is selected from an organic acid, a mineral acid, an acidic dematological ingredient, an acidic cosmoceutical ingredient, and mixtures thereof.

20. The composition of claim 19 wherein said acidic material is citric acid.