Modable dynamic terminator for high speed digital communications

• US 20040246021A1
• Filed: 06/05/2003
• Published: 12/09/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 06/05/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Dreps, Daniel Mark, Schiff, John Cummings
• Granted Patent: US 6,906,550 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 326/30
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0298 Arrangement for terminating transmission lines

Abstract

A terminator circuit for use on a pin of an integrated circuit (IC) is disclosed. A preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a clamp circuit that turns on when the voltage at the pin exceeds a threshold value (either an upper or lower bound). Logic and biasing circuitry are used to allow multiple modes of operation by adjusting the threshold values. A particular mode may be selected at any given time so as to strike an appropriate balance between signal quality and power consumption with respect to a particular terminator or set of terminators. This prevents excessive power consumption due to terminator circuitry at inactive or infrequently active IC pins.

Claims

1. A terminator circuit for terminating an electrical connection, the terminator circuit comprising:

at least one pull-up circuit connected between a higher-voltage supply rail and the electrical connection, wherein the at least one pull-up circuit turns on in response to a voltage at the electrical connection dropping below a lower threshold value;

at least one pull-down circuit connected between the electrical connection and a lower-voltage supply rail, wherein the at least one pull-down circuit turns on in response to the voltage at the electrical connection exceeding an upper threshold value;

biasing circuitry connected to the at least one pull-up circuit and the at least one pull-down circuit, wherein the biasing circuitry generates bias signals that determine the lower threshold value and the upper threshold value; and

logic circuitry connected to the biasing circuitry, wherein the logic circuitry receives as an input a designation of a mode for the terminator circuit selected from a plurality of modes, and wherein the logic circuitry directs the biasing circuitry to produce bias signals that correspond to the mode designated by the input to the logic circuitry.

2. The terminator circuit of claim 1, wherein the at least one pull-up circuit and the at least one pull-down circuit each include a resistive element and a biasing transistor connected in a cascode configuration, and wherein the biasing transistor receives a bias signal from the biasing circuitry.

3. The terminator circuit of claim 2, wherein the resistive element is a diode-connected transistor.

4. The terminator circuit of claim 1, wherein the terminator circuit is incorporated into a metal-oxide semiconductor(MOS) integrated circuit.

5. The terminator circuit of claim 1, wherein the terminator circuit is incorporated into a bipolar-transistor integrated circuit.

6. The terminator circuit of claim 1, wherein the plurality of modes includes an off mode, and wherein neither the at least one pull-up circuit nor the at least one pull-down circuit turn on when in the off mode.

7. The terminator circuit of claim 1, wherein the plurality of modes includes a more-aggressive mode and a less-aggressive mode, and wherein the at least one pull-up circuit and the at least one pull-down circuit are biased so as to be more likely to turn on when in the more-aggressive mode than when in the less-aggressive mode.

8. The terminator circuit of claim 1, wherein additional circuitry on the integrated circuit selects a mode for the terminator circuit from the plurality of modes using the logic circuitry.

9. A terminator circuit for use in an integrated circuit, comprising:

a first resistive element connected between a higher power supply rail and an integrated circuit pin;

a second resistive element connected between the integrated circuit pin and a lower power supply rail;

at least one biasing component, wherein the at least one biasing component limits current flow through the first resistive element and the second resistive element in accordance with a mode selected from a plurality of modes associated with the terminator circuit; and

mode-varying circuitry, wherein the mode-varying circuitry, in response to input, varies a degree to which current flow is limited by the at least one biasing component so as to make the plurality of modes selectable.

10. The terminator circuit of claim 9, wherein the at least one biasing component includes a transistor.

11. The terminator circuit of claim 10, wherein the transistor is a field-effect transistor having a source, a gate, and a drain, and the mode-varying circuitry varies the degree to which the at least one biasing component limits current flow by varying a voltage applied to the gate of the field-effect transistor.

12. The terminator circuit of claim 9, wherein at least one of the first resistive element and the second resistive element includes a diode-connected transistor.

13. The terminator circuit of claim 9, wherein the resistive elements have impedance values that match a characteristic impedance associated with a conductor connected to the integrated circuit pin.

14. The terminator circuit of claim 9, wherein the plurality of modes are associated with varying levels of power consumption in the terminator circuit.

15. The terminator circuit of claim 14, further comprising:

interfacing circuitry configured so as to allow additional circuitry on the integrated circuit to select a mode for the terminator circuit from the plurality of modes.