COMPACT AND EFFICIENT THREE DIMENSIONAL ANTENNAS
First Claim
1. An antenna comprising:
- a first radiating element having a first end and a second end;
a second radiating element disposed parallel to and in close proximity to said first radiating element, said second radiating element having a first end and a second end;
a first conductive loop connecting said first end of said first radiating element and said first end of said second radiating element;
a second conductive loop connecting said second end of said first radiating element and said second end of said second radiating element; and
a discontinuity in said first radiating element, said discontinuity being a feed point for supplying radio frequency energy to said first radiating element.
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Abstract
A volumetrically compact and efficient antenna, with a high radiation resistance and low losses, that can be designed for any frequency, and which has a gain within 1 dB of that of a full-sized vertical monopole radiator or, in its horizontally polarized form, within 2 dB of that of a horizontally polarized half-wave dipole. One embodiment is a rectangle, with short radiators and long interconnecting wires, which has been folded back on itself in a manner that results in a square configuration (when viewed from the top) and brings the two radiating wires into close proximity. Only a single port need be fed. Linear loading sections, such as stubs, serrations and helically wound interconnecting wires can be used to electrically lengthen the antenna, while keeping physical dimensions small. Capacitive loading sections are also used. Two unequal-sized rectangular loops may be joined onto each other, to provide an additional radiating element.
23 Citations
42 Claims
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1. An antenna comprising:
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a first radiating element having a first end and a second end;
a second radiating element disposed parallel to and in close proximity to said first radiating element, said second radiating element having a first end and a second end;
a first conductive loop connecting said first end of said first radiating element and said first end of said second radiating element;
a second conductive loop connecting said second end of said first radiating element and said second end of said second radiating element; and
a discontinuity in said first radiating element, said discontinuity being a feed point for supplying radio frequency energy to said first radiating element. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37)
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25. The antenna of claim 25, wherein said capacitor has a substantially fixed capacitance.
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38. An antenna comprising:
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a first radiating element having a first end and a second end;
a second radiating element disposed parallel to and in close proximity to said first radiating element, said second radiating element having a first end and a second end;
a first conductive loop connecting said first end of said first radiating element and said first end of said second radiating element;
a second conductive loop connecting said second end of said first radiating element and said second end of said second radiating element;
a discontinuity in said first radiating element, said discontinuity being a feed point for supplying radio frequency energy to said first radiating element;
at least one reactive loading section in said first loop and at least one reactive loading section in said second loop; and
a variable capacitor connected between said first loop and said second loop for tuning said antenna.
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39. A method for tuning an antenna having a first radiating element having a first end and a second end;
- a second radiating element disposed parallel to and in close proximity to said first radiating element, said second radiating element having a first end and a second end;
a first conductive loop connecting said first end of said first radiating element and said first end of said second radiating element;
a second conductive loop connecting said second end of said first radiating element and said second end of said second radiating element; and
a discontinuity in said first radiating element, said discontinuity being a feed point at which radio frequency energy is be supplied to said first radiating element, said method comprising;
placing a capacitance between said first loop and said second loop. - View Dependent Claims (40, 41, 42)
- a second radiating element disposed parallel to and in close proximity to said first radiating element, said second radiating element having a first end and a second end;
Specification