Electrically conductive fibers of Ti4O7 and Ti5O9
First Claim
1. A method of manufacture of conductive refractory fibers comprising, reacting an amount of a source of titanium with an amount of an acid to produce a sol comprising Titania and a liquid component, evaporating the liquid component of the sol to produce a Titania gel extruding the gel to produce a green fiber comprising titania, drying the green fiber to produce a dried fiber comprising titania, and firing the dried fiber in a mixture of flowing reducing gases to produce a conductive, refractory fiber that comprises a titanium oxide compound selected from the group consisting of Ti4O7 and Ti5O9.
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Abstract
Solid, shaped and fired fibers of Ti4O7 and Ti5O9 are made by firing TiO2 fibers in a reducing atmosphere. In a first aspect, the TiO2 fibers are made by extruding into air a viscous TiO2 gel and heat treating the resulting green fibers to remove solvent, decompose and to volatilize undesired constituents to form electrically conductive, refractory fibers of Ti4O7 and Ti5O9. In a second aspect, solid, shaped and fired fibers of Ti4O7 and Ti5O9 are made by firing extruded fibers from mixtures of TiO2.
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Citations
73 Claims
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1. A method of manufacture of conductive refractory fibers comprising,
reacting an amount of a source of titanium with an amount of an acid to produce a sol comprising Titania and a liquid component, evaporating the liquid component of the sol to produce a Titania gel extruding the gel to produce a green fiber comprising titania, drying the green fiber to produce a dried fiber comprising titania, and firing the dried fiber in a mixture of flowing reducing gases to produce a conductive, refractory fiber that comprises a titanium oxide compound selected from the group consisting of Ti4O7 and Ti5O9.
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33. A method of manufacture of conductive refractory fibers comprising,
extruding the gel to produce a green fiber comprising titania, drying the green fiber to produce a dried fiber comprising titania, and firing the dried fiber in a mixture of flowing reducing gases to produce a conductive, refractory fiber that comprises a titanium oxide compound selected from the group consisting of Ti4O7 and Ti5O9.
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34. A method of manufacture of conductive refractory fibers comprising,
forming a mixture comprising titania particles, organic binder, dispersant, and a liquid, extruding the mixture to produce a green fiber comprising titania, drying the green fiber to produce a dried fiber comprising titania, and firing the dried fiber in a reducing atmosphere to produce a conductive, refractory fiber, wherein the conductive, refractory fiber comprises a titanium oxide compound selected from the group consisting of Ti4O7 and Ti5O9.
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60. A method of manufacture of Ti4O7 conductive refractory fibers comprising,
reacting an amount of titanium (IV) isopropoxide with an amount of HCl to produce a sol comprising titania and a liquid component, wherein the titanium (IV) isopropoxide is present in an amount that is about five times the amount of HCl, evaporating the liquid component of the sol to produce a Titania gel extruding the gel to produce a green fiber comprising titania, drying the green fiber to produce a dried fiber comprising titania, and firing the dried fiber in a mixture of flowing reducing gases to produce a conductive, refractory fiber that comprises Ti4O7.
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63. The method of claim 63 wherein the firing of the dried fibers comprises heating the dried fibers at 10°
- C./min up to 1067°
C., holding the fibers at 1067°
C. for 12 hours and cooling to room temperature at 20°
C./minute.
- C./min up to 1067°
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64. A method of manufacture of conductive refractory fibers comprising,
forming a mixture comprising Titania particles which have an average particle size of 320 microns, polyethylene imine and distilled water, extruding the mixture to produce a green fiber comprising titania, drying the green fiber to produce a dried fiber comprising titania, and firing the dried fiber in a reducing atmosphere to produce a conductive, refractory fiber comprising Ti4O7.
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65. The method of claim 65 wherein the Titania particles, polyethylene imine and distilled water are present in a ratio of Titania:
- polyethylene imine;
water is about 40;
1;
19. - View Dependent Claims (66)
- polyethylene imine;
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67. The method of claim 67 wherein the flowing reducing gases include a first composition of 50% CO/50% N2 and a second composition of 1% CO/99% N2
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68. The method of claim 68 wherein the firing of the dried fibers comprises heating the dried fibers at 10°
- C./min up to 1067°
C., holding the fibers at 1067°
C. for 12 hours and cooling to room temperature at 20°
C./minute.
- C./min up to 1067°
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69. A method of manufacture of conductive refractory fibers comprising,
forming a mixture comprising Titania particles which have an average particle size of 50 nanometer, polyethylene imine, and distilled water, extruding the mixture to produce a green fiber comprising titania, drying the green fiber to produce a dried fiber comprising titania, and firing the dried fiber in a reducing atmosphere to produce a conductive, refractory fiber comprising Ti4O7.
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70. The method of claim 70 wherein the Titania particles, polyethylene imine and distilled water are present in a ratio of Titania:
- polyethylene imine;
water of about 20;
1;
6.1.
- polyethylene imine;
- 71. The method of claim 71 wherein the mixture is extruded at an initial rate of about 50 cm/sec and then at a continuous rate of about 10 cm/sec.
Specification