Dc/ac conversion device and ac power supply method

• US 20050047176A1
• Filed: 07/24/2003
• Published: 03/03/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 09/30/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: ROHM Co., Ltd.
• Original Assignee: ROHM Co., Ltd.
• Inventors: Fukumoto, Kenichi
• Granted Patent: US 7,095,632 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 363/17
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/008 Plural converter units for generating at two or more independent and non-parallel outputs, e.g. systems with plural point of load switching regulators
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/53803 with automatic control of output voltage or current
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/53871 with automatic control of output voltage or current
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 41/245 for a plurality of lamps
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 41/2824 using control circuits for the switching element H05B41/2822 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 41/2828 using control circuits for the switching elements H05B41/2827 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 41/3927 by pulse width modulation H05B41/3922 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 20/00 Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps

Abstract

A dc-ac converter capable of supplying a finely regulated ac drive voltage to a load is provided. For this purpose, the converter includes, in a primary winding of a transformer, a full-bridge or half-bridge type semiconductor switch circuit whose switches can be controlled by pulse-width modulation. Transformer has a secondary winding for connection with a load. Based on PWM signals and by use of adequate switching logics for controlling multiple semiconductor switches, sophisticated control including zero-current switching and penetrating current prevention can be effected. Moreover, by means of regulated burst control of the ratio of on-duty period to off-duty period together with pulse-width modulation control, power supplied to the load can be regulated over a wide range beyond the limits of control obtained by the pulse-width modulation.

Claims

1. A dc-ac converter, comprising:

a dc power supply;

a transformer having a primary winding and at least one secondary winding;

a switch circuit having

a first and a second semiconductor switches connected in series via said primary winding, said first and second switches capable of flowing a current in a first direction from said dc power supply to said primary winding, and

a third and fourth semiconductor switches connected in series via said primary winding, said third and fourth switches capable of flowing a current in a second direction from said dc power supply to said primary winding;

a current detection circuit for detecting a detection current that flows through a load connected to said secondary winding;

a triangular signal generation circuit for generating a triangular signal train for pulse-width modulation (PWM);

a PWM circuit for generating a PWM signal upon comparison of a feedback signal based on said detection current received from said current detection circuit with said triangular signal train; and

a logic circuit for outputting, based on said PWM signals, switch signals that include

a first switch signal for switching on/off said first semiconductor switch,

a second switch signal for switching onto said second semiconductor switch,

a third switch signal for switching on/off said third semiconductor switch, and

a fourth switch signal for switching on/off said fourth semiconductor switch, wherein said logic circuit is configured to

alternately establish a first current path for allowing a current to flow in said first direction by simultaneously switching on said first and second switches and a second current path for allowing a current to flow in said second direction by simultaneously switching on said third and fourth switches, and

establish a first simultaneous OFF period during which said first and fourth switches are simultaneously switched off and a second simultaneous OFF period during which said third and second switches are simultaneously switched off, and

switch the direction of said current flowing through said primary winding from one direction to the other when the magnitude of said current is zero.

2. The dc-ac converter according to claim 1, wherein

said second switch is switched on at every other apex of said triangular signal train on one side of said train and remains turned on until a triangular signal becomes equal in magnitude to said feedback signal immediately after said second switch is turned on;

said first switch is switched on a first predetermined time before said second switch is turned on and remains turned on until a triangular signal reaches its apex on the other side thereof immediately after said second switch is turned off;

said fourth switch is turned on at every other apex which is different from the apices associated with said second switch but is on the same one side as said apices, and remains turned on until a triangular signal becomes equal in magnitude to said feedback signal immediately after said fourth switch is turned on;

said third switch is switched on a second predetermined time before said fourth switch is turned on while said second switch is turned off and said first switch is turned on, and remains turned on until a triangular signal reaches its apex on the other side thereof immediately after said fourth switch is turned off; and

said first and second predetermined times are respectively set to lengths such that either one of said first and third switches is always switched on.

3. The dc-ac converter according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:

a voltage detection circuit for detecting the voltage supplied to the load connected to said secondary winding to generate a detection voltage; and

a feedback signal control circuit for comparing said detection voltage with a reference detection voltage to generate an error signal indicative of the difference between them and to control said feedback signal based on said error signal.

4. The dc-ac converter according to claim 3, further comprising:

a burst control signal generation circuit for generating a burst control signal for setting

an on-duty period to control said first through fourth switches of said switch circuit based on said PWM signals and

an off-duty period to disable said switch circuit irrespective of the PWM signals received, whereby

the ratio of said on-duty period to said off-duty period is regulated.

5. The dc-ac converter according to claim 4, wherein

said burst control signal generation circuit has an oscillator circuit for generating a burst triangular signal to initiate a burst, and is adapted to generate a burst control signal based on the comparison of said burst triangular signal with a duty signal having an arbitrarily adjustable magnitude.

6. The dc-ac converter according to claim 5, further comprising a control mode switching circuit for switching the mode of control between a burst control mode and a PWM control mode by deciding whether the magnitude of a detection current detected by the current detection circuit is to be limited to a predetermined level or not, based on said burst control signal.

7. A method of supplying ac power to a load connected to a secondary winding of a transformer, comprising steps of:

connecting across a dc power supply a first semiconductor switch and a second semiconductor switch connected in series via a primary winding of said transformer to allow a current to flow in a first direction through said primary winding;

connecting across said dc power supply a third semiconductor switch and a fourth semiconductor switch connected in series via said primary winding to allow a current to flow in a second direction through said primary winding;

detecting the current (referred to as detection current) flowing through a load connected to said secondary winding by means of a current detection circuit;

forming a feedback signal based on said detection current;

generating a pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal upon comparison of said feedback signal with a triangular signal train; and

generating a first switch signal for switching on said first semiconductor switch, a second switch signal for switching on said second semiconductor switch, a third switch signal for switching on said third semiconductor switch, and a fourth switch signal for switching on said fourth semiconductor switch based on said PWM signal

such that

a first simultaneous OFF period is established during which said first and fourth switches are simultaneously turned off, and second simultaneous OFF period is established during which said third and second switches are simultaneously turned off, and

the direction of said current flowing through said primary winding is changed from one direction to the other when the magnitude of said current is zero.

8. The method of supplying ac power according to claim 7, wherein

said second switch is switched on at every other apex of said triangular signal train on one side thereof and remains turned on until a triangular signal becomes equal in magnitude to said feedback signal immediately after said second switch is turned on;

said first switch is switched on a first predetermined time before said second switch is turned on and remains turned on until a triangular signal reaches its apex on the other side thereof immediately after said second switch is turned off;

said fourth switch is turned on at every other apex which is different from the apices associated with said second switch but is on the same one side as said apices, and remains turned on until a triangular signal becomes equal in magnitude to said feedback signal immediately after said fourth switch is turned on;

said third switch is switched on a second predetermined time before said fourth switch is turned on while said second switch is turned off and said first switch is turned on, and remains turned on until a triangular signal reaches its apex on the other side thereof immediately after said fourth switch is turned off; and

said first and second predetermined times are respectively set to lengths such that either one of said first and third switches is always switched on.

9. A dc-ac converter, comprising:

a dc power supply;

a transformer having a primary winding and at least one secondary winding;

a switch circuit having

a first capacitor and a first semiconductor switch connected in series via said primary winding and adapted to allow a current to flow in a first direction from said dc power supply to said primary winding;

a second semiconductor switch and a second capacitor connected in series via said primary winding and adapted to allow a current to flow in a second direction from said dc power supply to said primary winding;

a current detection circuit for detecting a detection current associated with the current that flows through a load connected to said secondary winding;

a triangular signal generation circuit for generating a triangular signal train for pulse-width modulation (PWM);

a PWM circuit for generating a PWM signal upon comparison of a feedback signal based on said detection current received from said current detection circuit with the triangular PWM signal train; and

a logic circuit for outputting a first switch signal for switching on/off said first semiconductor switch, and a second switch signal for switching on/off said second semiconductor switch, based on said PWM signals, wherein said logic circuit is configured to

alternately establish a first current path for allowing a current to flow in said first direction through said first switch coupled with said first capacitor by switching on said first switch and a second current path for allowing a current to flow in said second direction through said second switch coupled with said second capacitor by switching on said second switch,

establish a simultaneous OFF period during which said first and second switches are simultaneously switched off, and

switches the direction of said current flowing through said primary winding from one direction to the other when the magnitude of said current is zero.

10. The dc-ac converter according to claim 9, wherein

said first switch is switched on at every other apex of said triangular signal train on one side thereof and remains turned on until a triangular signal becomes equal in magnitude to said feedback signal immediately after said first switch is turned on;

and

said second switch is turned on at every other apex which is different from the apices associated with said first switch but is on the same one side as said apices, and remains turned on until a triangular signal becomes equal in magnitude to said feedback signal immediately after said second switch is turned on.

11. The dc-ac converter according to claim 9 or 10, further comprising:

a voltage detection circuit for detecting the voltage supplied to said load connected to said secondary winding to generate a detection voltage; and

a feedback signal control circuit for comparing said detection voltage with a reference detection voltage to generate a 1n error signal indicative of the difference between them and to control said feedback signal based on said error signal.

12. The dc-ac converter according to claim 11, further comprising:

a burst control signal generation circuit for generating a burst control signal for setting

an on-duty period to control said first and second switches of said switch circuit based on said PWM signals and

an off-duty period to disable said switch circuit irrespective of the PWM signals, whereby

the ratio of said on-duty period to said off-duty cycle is regulated.

13. The dc-ac converter according to claim 12, wherein

said burst control signal generation circuit has an oscillator circuit for generating a burst triangular signal to initiate a burst, and is adapted to generate a burst control signal based on the comparison of said burst triangular signal with a duty signal having an arbitrarily adjustable magnitude.

14. The dc-ac converter according to claim 13, further comprising a control mode switching circuit for switching the mode of control between a burst control mode and a PWM mode by deciding whether the magnitude of a detection current detected by said current detection circuit is to be limited to a predetermined level or not, based on said burst control signal.

15. A method of supplying ac power to a load connected to a secondary winding of a transformer, comprises steps of:

connecting across a dc power supply a first capacitor in series with a first semiconductor switch via a primary winding of said transformer to allow a current to flow in a first direction through said primary winding;

connecting across said dc power supply a second semiconductor switch and a second capacitor connected in series via said primary winding to allow a current to flow in a second direction through said primary winding;

detecting the current (referred to as detection current) flowing through said load connected to said secondary winding by means of a current detection circuit;

forming a feedback signal based on said detection current;

generating a pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal upon comparison of the feedback signal with triangular signal train; and

generating a first switch signal for switching on said first semiconductor switch and a second switch signal for switching on said second semiconductor switch

such that;

a simultaneous OFF period is established during which said first and second switches are simultaneously turned off; and

the direction of said current flowing through said primary winding is changed from one direction to the other when the magnitude of said current is zero.