Liquid crystal display device

• US 20050062913A1
• Filed: 11/03/2004
• Published: 03/24/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 07/26/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Samsung Display Company Limited (Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Dong-Ho Lee, Jung-Min Choi
• Inventors: Lee, Dong-Ho, Choi, Jung-Min
• Granted Patent: US 7,193,666 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 349/114
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/3083 Birefringent or phase retarding elements G02B5/3008, G02B5/3016 take precedence; systems for polarisation control G02B27/286; manufacturing phase modulating patterns by lithographic processes G03F7/001
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0043 provided on the surface of the light guide
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0061 to provide homogeneous light output intensity
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0063 for extracting light out both the major surfaces of the light guide
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133342 for double-sided displays
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133507 Films for enhancing the luminance
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133605 including specially adapted reflectors
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133615 Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side

Abstract

Disclosed is an LCD device for performing bi-directional display. The LCD device includes first and second display units, and a light supplying unit. The first display unit includes an LCD panel and a transflective film that is disposed under the LCD panel and has layers in which first and second layers having different refractivity indexes are alternately stacked. The transflective film partially reflects and transmits light incident onto the film. The light supplying unit is disposed between the first and second display units, and provide the first and second display units with light generated from a lamp by dividing the light, to thereby regulate a contrast ratio of a luminance between the first and second display units. Therefore, the structure of an LCD panel for performing bi-directional image display can be simplified, and the light loss in the transmission mode can be reduced.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal display device comprising:

a first display unit including;

a first liquid crystal display panel having a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates, and a transflective film disposed under the first liquid crystal display panel, so that the transflective film partially reflects and partially transmits an incident light incident onto the transflective film;

a second display unit including a second liquid crystal display panel having a third substrate, a fourth substrate and a second liquid crystal layer between the third and fourth substrates; and

a light supplying unit disposed between the first and second display units, the light supplying unit generating a first light to provide the first display unit with a first part of the first light and the second display unit with a second part of the first light, and the light supplying unit controlling an amount of the first and second parts of the first light to regulate a contrast ratio of a luminance between the first and second display units.

2. The liquid crystal display device of claim 1, wherein the first display unit further includes a first polarizing plate disposed on the first liquid crystal display panel and a second polarizing plate disposed between the first liquid crystal display panel and the transflective film, and the transflective film is integrally formed with the second polarizing plate.

3. The liquid crystal display device of claim 1, wherein the first display unit further includes a first polarizing plate disposed on the first liquid crystal display panel and a second polarizing plate disposed between the first liquid crystal display panel and the transflective film, and the transflective film is formed separate from the second polarizing plate to have a sheet shape.

4. The liquid crystal display device of claim 1, wherein the transflective film has an anisotropy characteristic having transmissivity and reflectivity varying depending on a polarized state and a direction of the incident light.

5. The liquid crystal display device of claim 4, wherein when the transflective film has a film thickness in z-direction and a film plane in x-y plane parallel with a surface of the transflective film, the first layer and the second layer respectively have three main refractive indexes of nx, ny and nz that satisfy the following relationships:

n1_x=n1_z≈

n1_y;


n2_x=n2_y=n2_z;


n1_x≈

n2_x;


n1_y≈

n2_y; and


|n1_x−

n2_x|<

|n1_y−

n2_y|

in which n1x, n1y and n1z denote main refractive indexes of the first layer in x-direction, y-direction and z-direction, respectively, and n2x, n2y and n2z denote main refractive indexes of the second layer in x-direction, y-direction and z-direction, respectively.

6. The liquid crystal display device of claim 1, wherein the transflective film has isotropic transmission and reflection characteristics independent of a polarized state and a direction of the incident light.

7. The liquid crystal display device of claim 6, wherein when the transflective film has a film thickness in z-direction and a film plane in x-y plane parallel with a surface of the transflective film, the first layer and the second layer respectively have three main refractive indexes of n_x, n_y and n_z that satisfy the following relationships:

n1_x=n1_y=n1_z; and


n2_x=n2_y=n2_z≈

n1_z.

in which n1x, n1y and n1z denote main refractive indexes of the first layer in x-direction, y-direction and z-direction, respectively, and n2x, n2y and n2z denote main refractive indexes of the second layer in x-direction, y-direction and z-direction, respectively.

8. The liquid crystal display device of claim 1, wherein a reflection path and a transmission path are provided in the first display unit, light traveling through the reflection path being incident onto a front face of the first liquid crystal display panel and reflected by the transflective film toward the first liquid crystal display panel to exit through the front face of the first liquid crystal display panel, and light traveling through the transmission path being incident onto a rear face of the first liquid crystal display panel from the light supplying unit after passing through the transflective film to exit through the first liquid crystal display panel.

9. The liquid crystal display device of claim 1, wherein the transflective film comprises a first transflective layer and a second transflective layer, the first transflective layer having transmissivity and reflectivity varying depending on a polarized state and a direction of the incident light, the second transflective layer having isotropic transmission and reflection characteristics independent of the polarized state and the direction of the incident light.

10. The liquid crystal display device of claim 1, wherein the first display unit further includes a light scattering layer.

11. The liquid crystal display device of claim 1, wherein the transflective film comprises two anisotropic transflective layers each having a transmissivity and a reflectivity that vary according to a polarized state and a direction of the incident light.

12. The liquid crystal display device of claim 10, wherein the first display unit further includes a first polarizing plate disposed on the first liquid crystal display panel and a second polarizing plate disposed between the first liquid crystal display panel and the transflective film, and the light scattering layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second polarizing plate.

13. The liquid crystal display device of claim 10, wherein the first display unit further includes a first polarizing plate disposed on the first liquid crystal display panel and a second polarizing plate disposed between the first liquid crystal display panel and the transflective film, and the light scattering layer is disposed between the second substrate and the first polarizing plate.

14. The liquid crystal display device of claim 10, wherein the first display unit further includes a first polarizing plate disposed on the first liquid crystal display panel and a second polarizing plate disposed between the first liquid crystal display panel and the transflective film, and the light scattering layer is disposed between the second polarizing plate and the transflective film.

15. The liquid crystal display device of claim 1, wherein the second display unit further includes:

a third polarizing plate disposed on a first surface of the second liquid crystal display panel; and

a fourth polarizing plate disposed on a second surface of the second liquid crystal display panel.

16. The liquid crystal display device of claim 1, wherein the light supplying unit comprises:

a light source for generating the first light;

a light guiding member for receiving the first light, providing the first display unit with the first part of the first light as a second light, and providing the second display unit with the second part of the first light as a third light; and

a luminance controlling member for reflecting a first part of the third light and transmitting a second part of the third light to control the contrast ratio of the luminance between the first and the second display units.

17. The liquid crystal display device of claim 16, wherein the light guiding member comprises:

a light incident face for receiving the first light;

a light reflective-transmissive face for reflecting the second light toward the first display unit and transmitting the third light toward the second display unit; and

a light exiting face, being opposite to the light reflective-transmissive face, for exiting the second light.

18. The liquid crystal display device of claim 17, wherein a light reflection pattern having a plurality of dots is formed on the light reflecive-transmissive face, and sizes of the dots are different such that a dot farther apart from the light incident face is larger than a dot closer to the light incident face in proportion to a distance between a corresponding dot and the light incident face.

19. The liquid crystal display device of claim 16, wherein the luminance controlling member has a sheet shape.

20. The liquid crystal display device of claim 17, further comprising an optical sheet for changing an optical distribution of the second light so as to enhance an optical characteristic of the second light, the optical sheet being disposed between the light guiding member and the transflective film.

21. The liquid crystal display device of claim 1, wherein the luminance measured at the first display unit is higher than the luminance measured at the second display unit.

22. The liquid crystal display device of claim 1, wherein a surface area of the first liquid crystal display panel has a size substantially equal to a surface area of the second liquid crystal display panel.

23. The liquid crystal display device of claim 1, wherein a surface area of the first liquid crystal display panel is larger than a surface area of the second liquid crystal display panel.

24. A liquid crystal display device comprising:

a first display unit including;

a first liquid crystal display panel having a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second substrates, and

a first transflective film disposed under the first liquid crystal display panel, the first transflective film having a plurality of layers in which a first layer and a second layer each having a different refractivity index are alternately stacked, so that the first transflective film partially reflects and partially transmits a first incident light incident onto the first transflective film;

a second display unit including a second liquid crystal display panel having a third substrate, a fourth substrate and a second liquid crystal layer disposed between the third and fourth substrates; and

a light supplying unit disposed between the first and second display units, the light supplying unit dividing a first light, which is a first part of a light generated from an light source, into a third light and a fourth light to provide the first and second display units with the third and fourth light, respectively, and dividing a second light, which is a second part of the light generated from the light source, into a fifth light and a sixth light to provide the second and first display units with the fifth and sixth light, respectively, the light supplying unit controlling an amount of the third, fourth, fifth and sixth light to regulate a contrast ratio of a luminance between the first and second display units.

25. The liquid crystal display device of claim 24, wherein at least one switching device and a transparent pixel electrode electrically connected to the switching device are formed on the first substrate, and a transparent common electrode facing the transparent pixel electrode is formed on the second substrate.

26. The liquid crystal display device of claim 25, wherein the switching device is a thin film transistor.

27. The liquid crystal display device of claim 24, wherein the light supplying unit includes:

the light source for generating the light;

a first light guiding member for receiving the first light, for providing the first display unit with the third light, and for transmitting the fourth light toward the second display unit;

a second light guiding member for receiving the second light, for providing the second display unit with the fifth light, and for transmitting the sixth light toward the first display unit;

an luminance controlling member, disposed between the first and second display units, for reflecting a first part of the fourth light toward the first display unit, for transmitting a second part of the fourth light toward the second display unit, for transmitting a first part of the sixth light toward the first display unit, and for reflecting a second part of the sixth light toward the second display unit, to thereby control the contrast ratio of the luminance between the first and second display units.

28. The liquid crystal display device of claim 27, wherein the first light guiding member comprises:

a first incident face for receiving the first light;

a first light reflective-transmissive face for reflecting the third light toward the first display unit and for transmitting the fourth light toward the second display unit; and

a first light exiting face, being opposite to the light reflective-transmissive face, for exiting the third light, and

the second light guiding member comprises;

a second incident face for receiving the second light;

a second light reflective-transmissive face for reflecting the fifth light toward the second display unit and for transmitting the sixth light toward the first display unit; and

a second light exiting face, being opposite to the second light reflective-transmissive face, for exiting the fifth light.

29. The liquid crystal display device of claim 28, wherein a first light reflection pattern having a plurality of first dots is formed on the first light reflecive-transmissive face, a second light reflection pattern having a plurality of second dots is formed on the second light reflecive-transmissive face, wherein the first dots have different sizes such that the farther a first dot is apart from the first light incident face, the larger the first dot is in proportion to a distance between the first dot and the first light incident face, and the second dots have different sizes such that the farther a second dot is apart from the second light incident face, the larger the second dot is in proportion to a distance between the second dot and the second light incident face.

30. The liquid crystal display device of claim 29, wherein the first light guiding member has a surface area larger than that of the second light guiding member, the second dots have sizes with a higher ratio of a size change to a unit distance change than those of the first dots.

31. The liquid crystal display device of claim 24, wherein a surface area of the first liquid crystal display panel has a size substantially equal to that of the second liquid crystal display panel.

32. The liquid crystal display device of claim 24, wherein the first liquid crystal display panel has a surface area larger than that of the second liquid crystal display panel.

33. The liquid crystal display device of claim 24, wherein the second display unit further includes a second transflective film disposed between the second liquid crystal display panel and the light supplying unit, and the second transflective film has a plurality of layers in which a third layer and a fourth layer each having a different refractivity index are alternately stacked, so that the second transflective film partially reflects and partially transmits a second incident light incident onto the second transflective film.