Electrochemical cell
First Claim
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1. An apparatus for determining a concentration of glucose in a blood sample, the apparatus comprising:
- (a) a hollow electrochemical cell, the cell comprising;
(1) at least one non-metal working electrode;
(2) at least one counter electrode or counter/reference electrode, wherein the working electrode and the counter electrode or counter/reference electrode are not coplanar and are separated by a distance of from about 20 to about 200 microns;
(3) a spacer interposed between the working electrode and the counter electrode or counter/reference electrode, wherein the spacer comprises a non-conductive polymeric material, and wherein walls of the spacer and the electrodes define the hollow cell; and
(4) a fluid permeable side-wall on at least one side of the hollow cell permitting entry of the sample into the hollow cell, wherein the hollow cell comprises an effective cell volume of less than 1.5 microliters;
(b) means for applying an electrical potential difference between the working electrode and the counter electrode or counter/reference electrode; and
(c) means for measuring a current between the working electrode and the counter electrode or counter/reference electrode.
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Abstract
This invention relates to a biosensor and more particularly to an electrochemical biosensor for determining the concentration of an analyte in a carrier. The invention is particularly useful for determining the concentration of glucose in blood and is described herein with reference to that use but it should be understood that the invention is applicable to other analytic determinations.
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6 Claims
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1. An apparatus for determining a concentration of glucose in a blood sample, the apparatus comprising:
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(a) a hollow electrochemical cell, the cell comprising;
(1) at least one non-metal working electrode;
(2) at least one counter electrode or counter/reference electrode, wherein the working electrode and the counter electrode or counter/reference electrode are not coplanar and are separated by a distance of from about 20 to about 200 microns;
(3) a spacer interposed between the working electrode and the counter electrode or counter/reference electrode, wherein the spacer comprises a non-conductive polymeric material, and wherein walls of the spacer and the electrodes define the hollow cell; and
(4) a fluid permeable side-wall on at least one side of the hollow cell permitting entry of the sample into the hollow cell, wherein the hollow cell comprises an effective cell volume of less than 1.5 microliters;
(b) means for applying an electrical potential difference between the working electrode and the counter electrode or counter/reference electrode; and
(c) means for measuring a current between the working electrode and the counter electrode or counter/reference electrode. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
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Specification