OPTIMIZATION OF BUILDING VENTILATION BY SYSTEM AND ZONE LEVEL ACTION

• US 20050095978A1
• Filed: 11/03/2003
• Published: 05/05/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 11/03/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Trane International Inc. (Trane Technologies plc)
• Original Assignee: American Standard International Inc (Trane Technologies plc)
• Inventors: Watercott, Dwight J., McKeever, James K., Bjorklund, Chad A., Shedivy, Eugene R., Blunn, Brad M., Johnson, Tedd P.
• Granted Patent: US 6,919,809 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 454/229
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/0001 for ventilation F24F11/30 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/30 for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/46 Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/54 using one central controller connected to several sub-controllers
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/58 using Internet communication
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/61 using timers
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/10 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/30 Velocity
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/70 Carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2120/00 Control inputs relating to users or occupants
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 30/70 Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Abstract

A method of selecting a ventilation control strategy from among a plurality of ventilation control strategies. The method comprises the steps of: determining if a CO₂ signal is present and valid; selecting a CO₂ based ventilation control strategy if the CO₂ signal is present and valid; selecting a second ventilation control strategy if the CO₂ signal is not present or is invalid; and operating using the selected strategy. The selection step occurs in a zone controller.

Claims

1. A method of selecting a ventilation control strategy from among a plurality of ventilation control strategies, the method comprising the steps of:

determining if a CO₂ signal is present and valid;

selecting a CO₂ based ventilation control strategy if the CO₂ signal is present and valid;

selecting a second ventilation control strategy if the CO₂ signal is not present or is invalid; and

operating using the selected strategy;

wherein the selection occurs in a zone controller.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of selecting a second control strategy includes the steps of determining if a dynamic setpoint signal is present and valid, selecting a dynamic setpoint control strategy if the dynamic setpoint signal is both present and valid;

and

selecting a third ventilation control strategy if the dynamic setpoint signal is not present or is invalid.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein selecting a third ventilation control strategy step includes the further steps of:

determining if an indicia of occupancy is both present and valid;

operating in an occupancy based ventilation control strategy if the indicia of occupant is both present and is valid; and

operating using a static rate ventilation if the indicia of occupancy is either not present or is invalid.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein the calculations for the dynamic setpoint and for occupancy are undertaken in a coordinating controller and downloaded into the zone controller for use.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein the determinations of the control strategy to be implemented are made in the zone controller.

6. The method of claim 5 including the further steps of maintaining time of day information in the coordinating controller and downloading time of day information to the zone controllers either periodically or upon a change of state or condition.

7. A method of coordinating operation in a building control system including a coordinating controller, a plurality of coordinated controllers, and a communications network operably connecting the coordinating controller to the plurality of coordinated controllers, the method comprising the steps of:

maintaining database and system information in the coordinating controller;

completing system control strategy calculations in the coordinating controller;

disseminating information relative to system control strategies from the coordinating controller to the plurality of coordinated controllers; and

determining in at least one of the plurality of coordinated controllers which of a selected group of control strategies to be implemented in that coordinated controller.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein each coordinated controller makes an independent determination as to which of the multiplicity of control strategies to implement.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein the multiplicity of control strategies include a CO₂ based ventilation control strategy, a dynamic setpoint control strategy and a static rate ventilation control strategy.

10. A method of coordinating the operation of a building control system having a coordinating controller and a plurality of coordinated controllers, the method comprising the steps of:

determining at least one system wide control strategy in the coordinating controller;

forwarding requirements of the system wide control strategy to one or more of a plurality of coordinated controllers;

implementing one or more forwarded elements of the system wide control strategy in at least one of the plurality of coordinating controllers; and

overriding, in at least one of the plurality of coordinated controllers, at least one forwarded element of the system wide control strategy.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein the overriding step includes the step of implementing a different control strategy.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein each of the plurality of coordinated controllers makes its own determination of which control strategy to implement.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein the system wide control strategy includes the further steps of calculating and determining a dynamic setpoint relative to a dynamic setpoint control strategy.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein the coordinated controller selects from at least the control strategies of a CO₂ based ventilation control strategy, a dynamic setpoint control strategy and a static rate ventilation control strategy.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein the selection of control strategies includes an occupancy based control strategy.

16. A method of coordinating the operation of a building control system including a coordinating controller and a plurality of coordinated controllers, the method comprising the steps of:

providing a plurality of coordinated controllers;

providing a coordinating controller operably connected to and communicating with the plurality of coordinated controllers;

determining a system wide control strategy in the coordinating controller;

communicating elements of the system wide control strategy to the plurality of coordinated controllers;

determining local requirements in at least one of the plurality of coordinated controllers; and

overriding the normal control routines of the coordinating controller if said at least one of the plurality of coordinated controllers determines that local requirements will not be met by the system wide strategy.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein the overriding steps includes the step of implementing a different control strategy.

18. The method of claim 17 wherein each of the plurality of coordinated controllers makes its own determination of which control strategy to implement.

19. The method of claim 18 wherein the system wide control strategy includes the further steps of calculating and determining a dynamic setpoint relative to a dynamic setpoint control strategy.

20. The method of claim 19 wherein the coordinated controller selects from at least the control strategies of a CO₂ based ventilation control strategy, a dynamic setpoint control strategy and a static rate ventilation control strategy.

21. The method of claim 20 wherein the selection of control strategies includes an occupancy based control strategy.

22. A method of calculating an outside air requirement for a zone, the method comprising the steps of:

determining that ventilation is on for the particular zone;

verifying that a CO₂ signal is present and valid for the particular zone;

controlling the airflow to the zone based on the CO₂ signal if the signal is present and valid; and

controlling the airflow to the zone based on another criteria if the CO₂ signal is not present or is invalid.

23. The method of claim 22 wherein the other control criteria determines if a dynamic rate is available from an external source and controls the airflow to the particular zone based on the dynamic rate if the dynamic rate is available.

24. The method of claim 23 including the further steps of controlling the airflow to the particular zone based on an occupied setpoint if the dynamic rate signal is not available and the CO₂ signal is not available or invalid.

25. The method of claim 24 including the further step of modulating the airflow to the zone based on a standby setpoint if the dynamic rate input is not available and the CO₂ rate signal is invalid or not present and the user has set a standby status.

26. The method of claim 22 wherein controlling the airflow through the zone based upon the CO₂ signal step includes the further steps of determining the available amount of outside air present in a supply airflow and overriding temperature control to provide more fresh air if the amount of fresh air present in the airflow is insufficient to meet the outside air requirement.

27. The method of claim 26 including the further step of calculating the amount of outside air required for a particular zone.

28. The method of claim 26 including the further step of determining absolute limits on which the temperature control signal will not be overridden.

29. A method of meeting fresh air temperature requirements in a zone, the method comprising the steps of:

determining a zone temperature setpoint and absolute limit requirements;

determining a zone fresh air requirement;

determining the percentage of fresh air in a supply airstream;

determining if the percentage of fresh air in the supply airstream is enough to meet the zone fresh air requirement; and

increasing the amount of supply airstream flow admitted to the zone if the percentage of fresh air in the supply airstream is insufficient to meet the zone'"'"'s fresh air requirement.

30. The method of claim 29 including the further step of terminating the increase in supply air flow when absolute temperature limit is exceeded.

31. A method of configuring a zone controller comprising the steps of:

determining if a valid CO₂ measurement is available representative of CO₂ in a zone being controlled by the zone controller;

operating using a CO₂ based ventilation control strategy if the CO₂ signal is available; and

operating using a non-CO₂ based ventilation control strategy if the CO₂ signal is not available.

32. The method of claim 31 wherein the non-CO₂ based ventilation control strategy is a static rate ventilation control strategy.

33. The method of claim 31 including the further step of receiving instructions from a coordinating controller to implement a system wide control strategy.

34. The method of claim 33 including the further steps of overriding the instructions and implementing a different control strategy.

35. The method of claim 34 wherein the system wide control strategy includes the further steps of calculating and determining a dynamic setpoint relative to a dynamic setpoint control strategy.

36. The method of claim 35 wherein the zone controller selects from at least the control strategies of a CO₂ based ventilation control strategy, a dynamic setpoint control strategy and a static rate ventilation control strategy.

37. The method of claim 36 wherein the selection of control strategies includes an occupancy based control strategy.

38. A method of providing fresh air to a zone, the method comprising the steps of:

determining a local setpoint relative to a zone controller;

receiving, in the zone controller, a dynamic setpoint from a coordinating controller;

selecting, in the zone controller, either the dynamic setpoint or the local setpoint; and

controlling the fresh air provided to the zone in accordance with the selected setpoint.

39. The method of claim 38 including the further step of adjusting the selected setpoint to meet fresh air requirements for the zone.