Electrode for electrochemical sensors

• US 20050098434A1
• Filed: 11/06/2003
• Published: 05/12/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 11/06/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Inventors: Brunner, Dennis M., Gundel, Douglas B.
• Granted Patent: US 7,294,246 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 204/403.02
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/3272 Test elements therefor, i.e. disposable laminated substrates with electrodes, reagent and channels optical biosensors G01N33/52

Abstract

Provided are electrochemical circuits with electrodes having a main body section and at least one neck section wherein the width of at least a portion of the neck section is less than the width of the narrowest portion of the main body section, and an insulative layer over a portion of the conductive layer such that at least a portion of an electrode neck section is not covered by the insulative layer. Also provided are methods of making the electrochemical circuits.

Claims

1. An article comprising

an electrochemical sensor comprising

a substrate,

a conductive layer comprising at least one electrode having a main body section and at least one neck section wherein the width of at least a portion of the neck section is less than the width of the narrowest portion of the main body section, and

an insulative layer over a portion of the conductive layer such that at least a portion of an electrode neck section is not covered by the insulative layer.

2. The article of claim 1 wherein at least one electrode having at least one neck section is a working electrode.

3. The article of claim 1 wherein the width of the narrowest portion of the neck section is less than half the width of the narrowest portion of the main body section.

4. The article of claim 1 wherein the width of the narrowest portion of the neck section is less than one-tenth the width of the narrowest portion of the main body section.

5. The article of claim 1 wherein at least one neck is a terminal neck.

6. The article of claim 1 wherein at least one neck is a connective neck.

7. The article of claim 1 wherein at least one electrode has both a terminal neck and a connective neck.

8. The article of claim 1 wherein one or more necks is rectangular in shape.

9. The article of claim 1 wherein one or more necks is tapered in shape.

10. The article of claim 9 wherein the taper is linear.

11. The article of claim 9 wherein the taper is curved.

12. The article of claim 1 wherein more than one electrode has a neck section.

13. The article of claim 1 wherein the conductive layer is comprised of a metal selected from the group consisting of gold, palladium, platinum, or alloys thereof.

14. The article of claim 1 wherein the conductive layer is about 5 nm to about 50 μ

m thick.

15. The article of claim 1 wherein the insulative layer is screen-printed, photolithographically patterned, or laminated.

16. The article of claim 1 wherein the substrate is made from a material selected fro the group consisting of liquid crystal polymer, poly(vinyl chloride), poly(ester), poly(olefin), (poly)imide, or (poly)carbonate.

17. An article comprising a glucose sensor test strip comprising the electrochemical sensor of claim 1.

18. An article comprising a glucose test kit comprising the glucose sensor strip of claim 17 and a meter.

20. The article of claim 1 comprising multiple electrodes wherein the main body sections of the electrodes are aligned.

19. A method for minimizing variations in the surface area of an electrode comprising

placing on a substrate a pattern of conductive material to form at least one electrode having a main body section and at least one neck section, wherein the width of at least a portion of the neck section is less than the width of the narrowest portion of the main body section, and

placing over the conductive material a pattern of insulative material that forms an opening wherein at least a portion of a neck section is exposed,

a neck section being of sufficient length that the placement accuracy of the insulative material with respect to the main electrode body can vary without the variance causing the insulative material to cover all of or none of the neck.