Aggregate organic light emitting diode devices with improved operational stability

• US 20050106415A1
• Filed: 10/22/2003
• Published: 05/19/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 10/22/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Global OLED Technology LLC (LG Display Co., Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Eastman Kodak Company
• Inventors: Vargas, J. Ramon, Jarikov, Viktor V.
• Granted Patent: US 7,175,922 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 428/690
• CPC Class Codes: C07C 13/62 with more than three condensed rings
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 11/06 containing organic luminescent materials
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 2211/1003 Carbocyclic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 2211/1011 Condensed systems
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 2211/1037 with sulfur
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 2211/107 with other heteroatoms
• CPC Class Codes: H10K 50/11 characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
• CPC Class Codes: H10K 50/125 specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light
• CPC Class Codes: H10K 85/10 Organic polymers or oligomers
• CPC Class Codes: H10K 85/111 comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
• CPC Class Codes: H10K 85/322 comprising boron
• CPC Class Codes: H10K 85/324 comprising aluminium, e.g. Alq3
• CPC Class Codes: H10K 85/615 Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene
• CPC Class Codes: H10K 85/624 containing six or more rings
• CPC Class Codes: H10K 85/626 containing more than one polycyclic condensed aromatic rings, e.g. bis-anthracene
• CPC Class Codes: H10K 85/631 Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
• CPC Class Codes: H10K 85/657 Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
• CPC Class Codes: H10K 85/658 Organoboranes
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 428/917 Electroluminescent

Abstract

An organic light emitting device includes a substrate, an anode and a cathode disposed over the substrate, and a luminescent layer disposed between the anode and the cathode wherein the luminescent layer includes a host and at least one dopant. The host of the luminescent layer is selected to include a solid organic material comprising a mixture of at least two components, one of which contains at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure or at least one mono-aza-perylene or poly-aza-perylene ring structure and is capable of forming both monomer state and an aggregate state.

Claims

1. An organic light emitting device, comprising:

a) a substrate;

b) an anode and a cathode disposed over the substrate;

c) a luminescent layer disposed between the anode and the cathode wherein the luminescent layer includes a host and at least one dopant;

d) the host of the luminescent layer being selected to include a solid organic material comprising a mixture of at least two components wherein;

i) the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure or at least one mono-aza-perylene or poly-aza-perylene ring structure that is capable of transporting either electrons or holes or both and is capable of forming both monomer state and an aggregate state and further is capable of forming the aggregate state either in the ground electronic state or in the excited electronic state that results in a different absorption or emission spectrum or both relative to the absorption or emission spectrum or both of the monomer state, respectively, or the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure or at least one mono-aza-perylene or poly-aza-perylene ring structure that is capable of forming the aggregate state whose presence results in a quantum yield of luminescence of the monomer state being different relative to the quantum yield of luminescence of the monomer state in the absence of the aggregate state, and

ii) the second component of the mixture is an organic compound that upon mixing with the first host component is capable of forming a continuous and substantially pin-hole-free layer; and

e) the dopant of the luminescent layer being selected to produce light from the light emitting device.

2. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the aggregate state is a dimer in either ground electronic state or excited electronic state.

3. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the aggregate state is crystalline.

4. The organic light emitting device of claim 3 wherein the aggregate state is a microcrystalline or nanocrystalline domain.

5. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is an organic compound that is nonpolar.

6. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is an organic compound that includes a benzenoid hydrocarbon.

7. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is an organic compound that includes a heterocycle.

8. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the second component is an organic compound that is more polar than the first component.

9. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is an organic compound having an energy gap greater than 1.5 electron volts.

10. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the second component is an organic compound having an energy gap greater than 1.5 electron volts.

11. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component constitutes at least 1 volume % of the luminescent layer.

12. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the second component constitutes at least 1 volume % of the luminescent layer.

13. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the dopant has an energy gap less than or equal to those of the first component and the second component.

14. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the dopant is a fluorescent dye.

15. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the dopant is a phosphorescent dye.

16. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the dopant concentration in the luminescent layer is between 0 and 10% by volume.

17. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted perylene.

18. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted benzoperylene.

19. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted naphthoperylene.

20. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzoperylene.

21. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted tribenzoperylene.

22. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted tetrabenzoperylene.

23. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzo[b,k]perylene.

24. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted dinaphthoperylene.

25. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted tribenzo[b,ghi,k]perylene.

26. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted benzo[ghi]perylene.

27. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted coronene.

28. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzo[cd,lm]perylene (peropyrene).

29. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted tribenzo[b,n,pqr]perylene.

30. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted ovalene.

31. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted phenanthroperylene.

32. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted pyrenoperylene.

33. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted benzo[a]coronene.

34. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzocoronene.

35. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted tribenzocoronene.

36. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted tetrabenzocoronene.

37. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted hexabenzocoronene.

38. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted naphthocoronene.

39. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted dinaphthocoronene.

40. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted triphenylenoperylene.

41. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted peryloperylene.

42. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted hexa-peri-benzocoronene (hexabenzo[bc,ef,hi,kl,no,qr]coronene).

43. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted benzoovalene.

44. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzo[b,pqr]perylene.

45. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzo[ij,rst]phenanthro-[9,10,1,2-defg]pentaphene.

46. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component is a PAH compound that can be drawn using only fully aromatic benzene rings so as to form graphite-like segments or a derivative thereof.

47. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component includes a benzenoid hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof substituted with a donor or an acceptor moiety or both.

48. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the second component includes a benzenoid hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof substituted with a donor or an acceptor moiety or both.

49. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the second component includes an oxinoid compound.

50. The organic light emitting device of claim 49 wherein the second component includes AlQ₃, GaQ₃, InQ₃, ScQ₃, ZnQ₂, BeBq₂ (bis(10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinolinato)beryllium), Al(4-MeQ)₃, Al(2-MeQ)₃, Al(2,4-Me2Q)₃, Al₂O(2-MeQ)₄, Ga(4-MeQ)₃, Ga(2-MeQ)₃, Ga(2,4-Me₂Q)₃, Mg(2-MeQ)₂, or Al(2-MeQ)₂(X) where X is any aryloxy, alkoxy, arylcaboxylate, and heterocyclic carboxylate group.

51. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the second component includes a substituted or unsubstituted anthracene moiety.

52. The organic light emitting device of claim 51 wherein the second component is selected from:

2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-9,10-bis(2-naphthalenyl)anthracene (TBADN);

9,10-bis(2-naphthalenyl)anthracene (ADN);

9,10-bis(1-naphthalenyl)anthracene;

9,10-Bis[4-(2,2-diphenylethenyl)phenyl]anthracene;

9,10-Bis([1,1′

;

3′

,1″

-terphenyl]-5′

-yl)anthracene;

9,9′

-Bianthracene;

10,10′

-Diphenyl-9,9′

-bianthracene;

10,10′

-Bis([1,1′

;

3′

,1″

-terphenyl]-5′

-yl)-9,9′

-bianthracene;

2,2′

-Bianthracene;

9,9′

,10,10′

-Tetraphenyl-2,2′

-bianthracene;

9,10-Bis(2-phenylethenyl)anthracene;

or 9-Phenyl-10-(phenylethynyl)anthracene.

53. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the second component includes an amine moiety.

54. The organic light emitting device of claim 53 wherein the second component is selected from:

N,N′

-Bis(N″

,N″

-diphenylaminonaphthalen-5-yl)-N,N′

-diphenyl-1,5-diaminonaphthalene (CAS 503624-47-3);

1,1-Bis(4-di-p-tolylaminophenyl)-4-phenylcyclohexane;

1,1-Bis(4-di-p-tolylaminophenyl)cyclohexane;

1,5-Bis[N-(2-naphthyl)-N-phenylamino]naphthalene;

1,5-Bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N-phenylamino]naphthalene;

2,6-Bis(di-p-tolylamino)naphthalene;

2,6-Bis[di-(1-naphthyl)amino]naphthalene;

2,6-Bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N-(2-naphthyl)amino]naphthalene;

2,6-Bis[N,N-di(2-naphthyl)amine]fluorene;

4-(di-p-tolylamino)-4′

-[4-(di-p-tolylamino)-styryl]stilbene;

4,4″

-Bis[N-(1-anthryl)-N-phenylamino]-p-terphenyl;

4,4″

-Bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N-phenylamino]p-terphenyl;

4,4′

,4″

-tris[(3-methylphenyl)phenylamino]triphenylamine;

4,4′

-Bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N-(2-naphthyl)amino]biphenyl (TNB);

4,4′

-Bis[N-(3-methylphenyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (TPD);

4,4′

-Bis(diphenylamino)quadriphenyl;

4,4′

-Bis[N-(1-coronenyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl;

4,4′

-Bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (NPB);

4,4′

-Bis[N-(2-naphthacenyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl;

4,4′

-Bis[N-(2-naphthyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl;

4,4′

-Bis[N-(2-perylenyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl;

4,4′

-Bis[N-(2-phenanthryl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl;

4,4′

-Bis[N-(2-pyrenyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl;

4,4′

-Bis[N-(3-acenaphthenyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl;

4,4′

-Bis[N-(8-fluoranthenyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl;

4,4′

-Bis[N-(9-anthryl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl;

4,4′

-Bis[N-phenyl-N-(2-pyrenyl)amino]biphenyl;

4,4′

-Bis {N-phenyl-N-[4-(1-naphthyl)-phenyl]amino}biphenyl;

Bis(4-dimethylamino-2-methylphenyl)-phenylmethane;

N,N,N′

,N′

-Tetra(2-naphthyl)-4,4″

-diamino-p-terphenyl;

N,N,N′

,N′

-Tetraphenyl-4,4′

-diaminobiphenyl;

N,N,N′

,N′

-Tetra-p-tolyl-4-4′

-diaminobiphenyl;

N,N,N′

,N′

-tetra-1-naphthyl-4,4′

-diaminobiphenyl;

N,N,N-Tri(p-tolyl)amine;

N,N′

-di-1-naphthalenyl-N,N′

-diphenyl-4,4′

-diaminobiphenyl;

or

N-Phenylcarbazole

55. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the second component includes a substituted or unsubstituted fluorene moiety.

56. The organic light emitting device of claim 55 wherein the second component is selected from:

2,2′

,7,7′

-Tetraphenyl-9,9′

-spirobi[9H-fluorene];

2,2′

,7,7′

-Tetra-2-phenanthrenyl-9,9′

-spirobi[9H-fluorene];

2,2′

-Bis(4-N,N-diphenylaminophenyl)-9,9′

-spirobi[9H-fluorene](CAS 503307-40-2);

4′

-Phenyl-spiro[fluorene-9,6′

-[6H]indeno[1,2-j]fluoranthene];

2,3,4-Triphenyl-9,9′

-spirobifluorene;

11,11′

-Spirobi[1H-benzo[b]fluorene];

9,9′

-Spirobi[9H-fluorene]-2,2′

-diamine;

9,9′

-Spirobi[9H-fluorene]-2,2′

-dicarbonitrile;

2′

,7′

-Bis([1,1′

-biphenyl]-4-yl)-N,N,N′

,N′

-tetraphenyl-9,9′

-spirobi[9H-fluorene]-2,7-diamine;

9,9,9′

,9′

,9″

,9″

-Hexaphenyl-2,2′

;

7′

,2″

-ter-9H-fluorene;

2,7-Bis([1,1′

-biphenyl]-4-yl)-9,9′

-spirobi[9H-fluorene];

2,2′

,7,7′

-tetra-2-Naphthalenyl-9,9′

-spirobi[9H-fluorene];

or

9,9′

-[(2,7-Diphenyl-9H-fluoren-9-ylidene)di-4,1-phenylene]bis-anthracene.

57. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the second component includes a substituted or unsubstituted naphthacene moiety.

58. The organic light emitting device of claim 57 wherein the second component is selected from:

5,6,11,12-Tetraphenylnaphthacene (rubrene);

5,12-Bis(2-naphthyl)-6,11-diphenyltetracene;

5,12-Bis(2-mesityl)-6,11-diphenyltetracene;

5,12-Bis(1-naphthyl)-6,11-diphenyltetracene;

5,6,11,12-Tetrakis(2-naphthyl)tetracene;

10,10′

-[(6,11-Diphenyl-5,12-naphthacenediyl)di-4,1-phenylene]bis[2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H-benzothiazolo[5,6,7-ij]quinolizine;

9,10,15,16-Tetraphenyl-dibenzo[a,c]naphthacene;

5,6,13,14-Tetraphenylpentacene;

4,4′

-(8,9-Dimethyl-5,6,7,10,11,12-hexaphenyl-1,4-naphthacenediyl)bis-benzonitrile;

4,4′

-(8,9-Dimethoxy-5,6,7,10,11,12-hexaphenyl-1,4-naphthacenediyl)bis[N,N-diphenylbenzenamine];

1,2,3,5,6,11,12-Heptaphenylnaphthacene;

1,4,5,6,7,10,11,12-Octaphenylnaphthacene;

6,11-diphenyl-5,12-bis(4′

-N,N-diphenylaminophenyl)naphthacene;

7,8,15,16-Tetraphenyl-benzo[a]pentacene;

2,3,5,6,11,12-Hexaphenylnaphthacene;

6,11-diphenyl-5,12-bis(4′

-cyanophenyl)naphthacene;

6,11-diphenyl-5,12-bis(4′

-(2-thienyl)phenyl)naphthacene;

or

9,10,19,20-Tetraphenyl-tetrabenzo[a,c,j,l]naphthacene.

59. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the second component is a substituted or unsubstituted benzoxazolyl moiety, a substituted or unsubstituted benzthiozolyl moiety or a substituted or unsubstituted benzimidazolyl moiety.

60. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the dopant includes a substituted or unsubstituted DCM class moiety.

61. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the dopant includes DCM, DCJ, DCJT, DCJTE, DCJTP, DCJTBz, DCJTB, or DCJTMes.

62. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the dopant includes a substituted or unsubstituted periflanthene moiety.

63. The organic light emitting device of claim 62 wherein the dopant includes Red 2.

64. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the dopant includes a substituted or unsubstituted coumarin moiety:

65. The organic light emitting device of claim 64 wherein the dopant includes C-6, C-545T, or C-525T.

66. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the dopant includes a substituted or unsubstituted quinacridone moiety.

67. The organic light emitting device of claim 66 wherein the dopant includes QA, DMQA, CFDMQA, or DPQA.

68. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the dopant includes a substituted or unsubstituted DPMB moiety.

69. The organic light emitting device of claim 68 wherein the dopant includes DPMB 1, DPMB 2, or DPMB 3.

70. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the dopant includes a substituted or unsubstituted indenoperylene moiety.

71. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the dopant includes Yellow-green 2.

72. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the dopant includes a substituted or unsubstituted naphthacene moiety.

73. The organic light emitting device of claim 72 wherein the dopant includes:

5,6,11,12-Tetraphenylnaphthacene (rubrene);

2,2′

-[(6,11-diphenyl-5,12-naphthacenediyl)di-4,1-phenylene]bis(6-methylbenzothiazole) (Orange

     2);

5,12-Bis(2-mesityl)-6,11-diphenyltetracene;

5,6,11,12-Tetrakis(2-naphthyl)tetracene;

10,10′

-[(6,11-Diphenyl-5,12-naphthacenediyl)di-4,1-phenylene]bis[2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H,5H-benzothiazolo[5,6,7-ij]quinolizine;

5,6,13,14-Tetraphenylpentacene;

4,4′

-(8,9-Dimethoxy-5,6,7,10,11,12-hexaphenyl-1,4-naphthacenediyl)bis[N,N-diphenylbenzenamine];

6,11-diphenyl-5,12-bis(4′

-N,N-diphenylaminophenyl)naphthacene;

7,8,15,16-Tetraphenyl-benzo[a]pentacene;

or 6,11-diphenyl-5,12-bis(4′

-cyanophenyl)naphthacene.

74. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the dopant includes a substituted or unsubstituted BASB moiety.

75. The organic light emitting device of claim 74 wherein the dopant includes:

4-(Diphenylamino)-4′

-[4-(diphenylamino)styryl]stilbene;

4-(Di-p-Tolylamino)-4′

-[(di-p-tolylamino)styryl]stilbene (Blue-green

     2);

4,4′

-[(2,5-Dimethoxy-1,4-phenylene)di-2,1-ethenediyl]bis[N,N-bis(4-methylphenyl)benzenamine;

4,4′

-(1,4-Naphthalenediyldi-2,1-ethenediyl)bis[N,N-bis(4-methylphenyl)benzenamine;

3,3′

-(1,4-Phenylenedi-2,1-ethenediyl)bis[9-(4-ethylphenyl)-9H-carbazole;

4,4′

-(1,4-Phenylenedi-2,1-ethenediyl)bis[N,N-diphenyl-1-naphthalenamine;

4,4′

-[1,4-Phenylenebis(2-phenyl-2,1-ethenediyl)]bis[N,N-diphenylbenzenamine);

4,4′

,4″

-(1,2,4-Benzenetriyltri-2,1-ethenediyl)tris[N,N-diphenylbenzenamine];

9,10-Bis[4-(di-p-tolylamino)styryl]anthracene;

or

α

,α

′

-(1,4-Phenylenedimethylidyne)bis[4-(diphenylamino)-1-naphthaleneacetonitrile.

76. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the dopant includes a substituted or unsubstituted perylene.

77. The organic light emitting device of claim 76 wherein the dopant includes:

Perylene;

2,5,8,11-Tetra-tert-butylperylene (TBP);

2,8-Di-tert-Butylperylene;

Ovalene;

Dibenzo[b,ghi]perylene;

or

Dibenzo[b,k]perylene.

78. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the dopant includes a substituted or unsubstituted ADPMB moiety.

79. The organic light emitting device of claim 78 wherein the dopant includes:

Blue 2, ADPMB 1, or ADPMB 2.

80. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

81. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

82. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

83. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

84. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

85. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

86. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

87. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

88. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

89. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

90. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

91. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

92. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

93. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

94. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

95. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

96. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

97. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

98. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

99. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

100. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

101. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

102. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

103. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

104. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

105. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

106. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

107. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

108. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

109. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

110. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

111. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

112. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

113. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

114. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

115. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

116. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

117. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

118. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

119. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

120. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

121. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

122. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

123. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

124. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

125. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

126. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

127. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

128. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

129. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

130. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

131. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

132. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

133. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

134. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

135. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

136. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

137. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

138. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

139. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

140. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

141. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

142. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

143. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

144. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that has the formula:

145. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that can be drawn using only fully aromatic benzene rings so as to form graphite-like segments:

146. The organic light emitting device of claim 1 wherein the first component of the mixture is an organic compound containing at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure that is any of the compounds 1 through 417.

147. An organic light emitting device comprises a substrate, an anode and a cathode disposed over the substrate, and a luminescent layer disposed between the anode and the cathode wherein the luminescent layer includes a host and at least one dopant, the host of the luminescent layer is selected to include a solid organic material comprising a mixture of at least two components, one of which contains at least one perylene carbocyclic ring structure or at least one mono-aza-perylene or poly-aza-perylene ring structure and is capable of forming both monomer state and an aggregate state.