Flow control of electrochemical-based assay devices
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Abstract
Various techniques for controlling the flow of a test sample through an electrochemical-based assay device are provided. The assay device contains a porous membrane provided with certain properties to selectively control the flow of a test sample to a detection working electrode. The detection working electrode communicates with affinity reagents, such as redox mediators and capture ligands. For instance, capture ligands that are specific binding members for the analyte of interest are applied to the detection electrode to serve as the primary location for detection of the analyte.
225 Citations
109 Claims
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1-57. -57. (canceled)
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58. A method for detecting the presence or quantity of an analyte within a test sample, said method comprising:
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i) forming a flow-through assay device by a method comprising;
a) applying a porous membrane to a surface of a substrate; and
b) forming a detection working electrode on said surface of said substrate, wherein said detection working is in fluid communication with said porous membrane;
ii) contacting said porous membrane with a test sample having a volume of less than about 100 microliters, wherein said detection working electrode and said porous membrane each define at least one dimension that is substantially perpendicular to the direction of flow of the test sample, wherein said dimension of said porous membrane is approximately the same or less than said dimension of said detection working electrode, and wherein the time for the test sample to contact said detection working electrode is at least about 1 minute. - View Dependent Claims (59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81)
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82. A method of forming a flow-through assay device for detecting the presence or quantity of an analyte within a test sample, said method comprising:
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i) applying a porous membrane to a surface of a substrate, wherein said porous membrane defines pores having an average size of from about 1 to about 50 microns; and
ii) forming a detection working electrode on said surface of said substrate, wherein said detection working is in fluid communication with said porous membrane, wherein said detection working electrode and said porous membrane each define a width that is configured to be substantially perpendicular to the direction of flow of the test sample, wherein said width of said porous membrane is approximately the same or less than said width of said detection working electrode, wherein said width of said porous membrane is from about 0.5 to about 10 millimeters. - View Dependent Claims (83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93)
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94. A method for detecting the presence or quantity of an analyte, said method comprising:
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providing a flow-through assay device comprising a porous membrane in fluid communication with a detection working electrode;
contacting said porous membrane with a test sample having a volume of less than about 100 microliters, wherein said detection working electrode and said porous membrane each define a width that is substantially perpendicular to the direction of flow of the test sample, wherein the width of said porous membrane is approximately the same or less than the width of said detection working electrode, and wherein the time for the test sample to contact said detection working electrode is at least about 1 minute;
applying a potential difference between said detection working electrode and a counter electrode to generate a detection current; and
measuring the detection current. - View Dependent Claims (95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109)
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Specification