Apparatus and method for accessing the bone marrow

• US 20050148940A1
• Filed: 12/27/2004
• Published: 07/07/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 05/31/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Teleflex Life Sciences II LLC
• Original Assignee: Vidacare LLC (Teleflex Incorporated)
• Inventors: Miller, Larry
• Granted Patent: US 9,314,228 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 604/187
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 10/025 for taking bone, bone marrow or cartilage samples
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 10/0283 with vacuum aspiration, e.g. caused by retractable plunger or by connected syringe A61B10/025, A61B10/0266 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1637 Hollow drills or saws producing a curved cut, e.g. cylindrical A61B10/025, A61B17/1695 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1691 for the sternum
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/32002 with continuously rotating, oscillating or reciprocating cutting instruments
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/32053 Punch like cutting instruments, e.g. using a cylindrical or oval knife A61B17/326 takes precedence; trepans A61B17/1695; for use on the cornea A61F9/007
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/34 Trocars; Puncturing needles pointed biopsy instruments A61B10/0233; devices for piercing the ear-lobes A44C7/001; seals or hemostasis valves A61M39/06
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3403 Needle locating or guiding means guides for suture needles A61B17/0482; guiding or tracking by nuclear magnetic resonance G01R33/285
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3472 for bones, e.g. intraosseus injections
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3476 Powered trocars, e.g. electrosurgical cutting, lasers, powered knives
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2010/0258 Marrow samples
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00398 using powered actuators, e.g. stepper motors, solenoids
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/0046 with a releasable handle; with handle and operating part separable
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00734 battery operated
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/036 abutting on tissue or skin
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/0813 Accessories designed for easy sterilising, i.e. re-usable
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2217/005 with suction drainage system
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/30 Surgical robots
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/11 with guides for needles or instruments, e.g. arcuate slides or ball joints
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/25 Supports therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/70 : Cleaning devices specially adapted for surgical instruments
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/1581 : Right-angle needle-type devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2005/1585 : Needle inserters
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/158 : Needles for infusions; Accessories therefor, e.g. for inserting infusion needles, or for holding them on the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/46 : having means for controlling depth of insertion

Abstract

An apparatus and method for accessing the bone marrow of a human'"'"'s sternum is provided. The apparatus includes a tissue penetrator configured to penetrate the sternum, a trigger mechanism configured to engage when the tissue penetrator contacts the sternum and a depth control mechanism operable to limit the penetration of the tissue penetrator into the sternum to a pre-selected depth.

Claims

1. An apparatus for accessing the bone marrow inside a bone comprising:

a tissue penetrator;

a driver operable to drive a portion of the tissue penetrator into the bone marrow;

a trigger mechanism configured to engage when a portion of the tissue penetrator contacts a bone; and

a depth control mechanism operable to control the depth of penetration of the tissue penetrator.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the driver comprises a motor.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the driver further comprises a power source selected from the group consisting of a battery, a coiled spring, a compressed gas, and a solar power cell.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the depth control mechanism comprises a collar wherein the collar surrounds the tissue penetrator.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the depth control mechanism comprises a probe.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the depth control mechanism comprises an ultrasonic sensor.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the trigger mechanism comprises a gear operable to control the depth of penetration of the tissue penetrator.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one longitudinal probe extends from the trigger mechanism to the bone, the probe operable to contact the bone and activate the trigger mechanism.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the trigger mechanism includes a spring-loaded reverse clutch mechanism operable to disengage the tissue penetrator from the motor at a preset torque level or a preset revolutions per minute level.

10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the depth control mechanism comprises a pressure-sensing tissue penetrator operable to transmit pressure changes to the trigger mechanism.

11. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the trigger mechanism is operable to activate the driver to drill to a pre-selected depth.

12. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the bone is the sternum.

13. An apparatus for accessing the bone marrow comprising:

a tissue penetrator operable to detect changes in pressure;

a driver operable to drive a portion of the tissue penetrator into the bone marrow;

a trigger mechanism operable to activate the driver;

a sensor operable to receive signals from the tissue penetrator and transmit them to the trigger mechanism.

14. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the trigger mechanism is operable to activate the driver to drill to a pre-selected depth.

15. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the sensor is a pressure sensor.

16. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the driver is selected from the group consisting of manual force, a motor, a coiled spring, and a compressed gas cartridge.

17. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the bone is the sternum.

18. An apparatus for accessing the bone marrow inside a bone comprising:

a tissue penetrator configured to penetrate the bone marrow, the tissue penetrator comprising an outer cannula and an inner trocar;

a driver operable to drive the tissue penetrator into the bone marrow;

a flange operable to stabilize the tissue penetrator after the cannula is inserted into the bone marrow, the flange moveable along the longitudinal axis of the tissue penetrator; and

a circumferential collar configured to limit the depth of penetration of the tissue penetrator into the bone marrow.

19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the apparatus comprises a luer lock connector.

20. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the tissue penetrator comprises a blade.

21. An apparatus for accessing the bone marrow inside a bone comprising:

a reusable handle configured to engage a disposable cartridge;

a cartridge comprising;

a tissue penetrator configured to penetrate the bone marrow, the tissue penetrator comprising an outer cannula and an inner trocar;

a depth control mechanism; and

a driver operable to drive the tissue penetrator into the bone marrow.

22. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the depth control mechanism comprises a mechanical probe.

23. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the driver comprises a power source selected from the group consisting of a battery, a coiled spring, a compressed gas, and a solar power cell.

24. An apparatus for accessing the bone marrow inside a bone comprising:

a cartridge configured to penetrate the bone,

a tissue penetrator;

the depth control mechanism; and

a flange operable to stabilize the tissue penetrator at a desirable level in the bone, the flange moveable along the vertical axis of the tissue penetrator; and

a reusable handle configured to engage a tissue penetrator cartridge comprising a driver operable to drive the tissue penetrator into the bone marrow.

25. An apparatus for penetrating a bone comprising:

a housing;

a tissue penetrator assembly, comprising a trigger mechanism configured to engage when the tissue penetrator contacts the bone and a mechanism operable to control the depth of penetration of the tissue penetrator into the bone;

a coupling end operable to releasably attach the penetrator assembly to a drive shaft;

a drive shaft operable to connect the penetrator assembly to a gear assembly;

a gear assembly operable to engage and rotate the drive shaft;

a motor operable to engage the gear assembly and drive the penetrator into the bone marrow; and

a driver operable to power the motor.

26. An apparatus for accessing the bone marrow inside a bone comprising:

a tissue penetrator configured to penetrate the bone; and

a sensor mechanism configured to detect depth of tissue penetrator penetration into the bone marrow.

27. An apparatus for accessing the bone marrow inside a bone comprising:

a handle; and

a cartridge configured to attach to the handle, the cartridge comprising a tissue penetrator, and a depth control mechanism.

28. An apparatus for accessing the bone marrow inside a bone comprising:

a handle comprising a coiled spring; and

a cartridge configured to insert into the handle, the cartridge comprising a tissue penetrator and a flange operable to contact a human'"'"'s tissue.

29. The apparatus of claim 28, the tissue penetrator comprising:

a connector;

a screw;

a flange operable to move along the screw;

a cannula; and

a trocar.

30. The apparatus of claim 28 wherein the bone is the sternum.

31. An apparatus for accessing the bone marrow inside a bone comprising:

a tissue penetrator configured to the bone marrow, the tissue penetrator comprising an outer cannula and an inner trocar;

a driver operable to drive the tissue penetrator into the bone marrow; and

a flange operable to stabilize the tissue penetrator after the cannula is inserted into the bone marrow, the flange moveable along the longitudinal axis of the tissue penetrator.

32. An apparatus for accessing the bone marrow inside a bone comprising:

a driver;

a trigger operably linked to the driver; and

a tissue penetrator having a depth sensor operably linked to the trigger.

33. A method for accessing the intraossesous space of a bone comprising:

contacting the skin covering the bone with a device having;

a tissue penetrator configured to penetrate the intraossesous space, the tissue penetrator comprising an outer cannula and an inner trocar;

a driver operable to drive a portion of the tissue penetrator into the intraosseous space; and

a depth control mechanism operable to control the depth of penetration of the tissue penetrator into the intraosseous space;

advancing the tissue penetrator a sufficient distance to place at least a portion of the cannula in the intraossesous space; and

removing the trocar from the cannula.

34. The method of claim 33 wherein the bone is the sternum.

35. A method for manufacturing an apparatus for accessing the bone marrow inside a bone comprising:

forming a tissue penetrator configured to penetrate a bone and provide access to the bone marrow, the tissue penetrator comprising an outer cannula and an inner trocar;

a driver operable to drive a portion of the tissue penetrator into the bone marrow; and

a depth control mechanism operable to control the depth of penetration of the tissue penetrator into the bone.