Antenna with one or more holes

• US 20050156803A1
• Filed: 01/12/2005
• Published: 07/21/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 07/15/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Fractus SA
• Original Assignee: Fractus SA
• Inventors: Soler Castany, Jordi, Puente Baliarda, Carles
• Granted Patent: US 7,471,246 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 343/770
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/246 specially adapted for base stations
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/36 Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewithH01Q1/08, H01Q1/14 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/062 using dipole aerials; H01Q21/067, H01Q21/068 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 5/357 using a single feed point
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 7/00 Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 9/28 Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines waveguide horns or mouths H01Q13/00; slot antennas H01Q13/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 9/40 Element having extended radiating surface

Abstract

The invention refers to a new type of multihole antenna which is mainly suitable for mobile communications or in general to any other application where the integration of telecom systems or applications in a single antenna is important. The antenna consists of a radiating element which at least includes one hole. By means of this configuration, the antenna provides a broadband and multiband performance, and hence it features a similar behaviour through different frequency bands. Also, the antenna features a smaller size with respect to other prior art antennas operating at the same frequency.

Claims

1. - An antenna comprising a radiating element defining an external perimeter characterised in that said radiating element includes at least one hole, wherein said hole has an area of at least a 20% of the area included inside the external perimeter of the radiating element of said antenna, wherein

the perimeter of the radiating element is shaped as a polygonal element comprising at least four sides, and wherein

the perimeter of at least one of the holes is shaped as a polygon with three or more sides,

the antenna configuration being chosen from the following set:

a monopole antenna, a dipole antenna, an aperture antenna or a slot antenna.

2. - An antenna according to claim 1 characterised in that the radiating element is a conducting or superconducting body, said body including at least one hole which is filled with a dielectric material.

3. - An antenna according to claim 1 characterised in that the radiating element is a conducting or superconducting body, said body including at least one hole which is partially filled by a conducting or superconducting material.

4. - An antenna according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterised in that the perimeter of the radiating element is shaped with a geometry selected from the group:

square, rectangular, trapezoidal, pentagonal, hexagonal, heptagonal, octagonal, circular or elliptical.

5. - An antenna according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that the perimeter of at least one of the holes is shaped with a geometry selected from the group:

triangular, square, rectangular, trapezoidal, pentagonal, hexagonal, heptagonal, octagonal, circular or elliptical.

6. - An antenna according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 characterised in that the perimeter of the radiating element is circular or elliptical.

7. - An antenna according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or claim 5 characterised in that the perimeter of the radiating element is circular and the perimeter of at least one of the holes is hexagonal.

8. - An antenna according to claim 6 characterised in that the perimeter of at least one of the holes is circular or elliptical.

9. - An antenna according to claim 4 or claim 5 characterised in that the perimeter of the radiating element comprises at least two more sides than the perimeter of the hole with the least number of sides.

10. - An antenna according to claim 4 or claim 5 characterised in that the perimeter of the radiating element or the perimeter of at least one of the holes, comprises five or more sides.

11. - An antenna according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that at least one of the holes is not symmetrically aligned with respect to the vertical axis of the radiating element.

12. - An antenna according to any of the preceding claims characterised in that a portion of said antenna is a multilevel structure.

13. - An antenna according to claim 12 characterised in that at least a portion of at least one of the holes is a multilevel structure.

14. - An antenna according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that a portion of said antenna is a loading structure.

15. - An antenna according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that the radiating element comprises at least two holes wherein at least one of the holes has different shape than the other ones.

16. - An antenna according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that the radiating element comprises at least two holes wherein at least one of the holes has different size than the other ones.

17. - An antenna according to claims 15, characterised in that the antenna has a polygonal perimeter with more than four sides, a first larger hole symetrically placed in the center of the perimeter, and a set of smaller holes with the same area radially arranged around said first larger hole.

18. - An antenna according to any of the preceding claims characterised in that at least the perimeter of at least one hole is a curve composed by a minimum of two segments and a maximum of nine segments which are connected in such a way that each segment forms an angle with their neighbours, i.e., no pair of adjacent segments define a larger straight segment.

19. - An antenna according to any of the preceding claims characterised in that at least part of the perimeter of at least one hole is shaped by means of a space-filling curve.

20. - An antenna according to any of the preceding claims characterised in that at least one of the holes intersects the perimeter of the radiating element at a distance to its feeding point shorter than a quarter, or longer than three quarters, of the external perimeter of the radiating element.

21. - An antenna according to any of the preceding claims characterised in that at least one of the holes is shaped as a curve, said curve intersecting itself at least at one point.

22. - An antenna according to any of the preceding claims characterised in that is an aperture antenna wherein the shape of its aperture is the same as any of the shapes of the radiating elements of the antennas described in the preceding claims.

23. - An antenna according to any of the preceding claims characterised in that the antenna is included as a radiating element within an antenna array.

24. - An antenna according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the antenna features a multiband behaviour, a broadband behaviour or a combination of both.

25. - An antenna according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that at least one of the operating bands of the antenna is broadband.

26. - An antenna according to any of the preceding claims characterised in that the radiating element is shorter than a quarter of the longest operating wavelength.

27. - An antenna according to any of the preceding claims characterised in that the radiating element is printed, etched or attached over a dielectric substrate.

28. - An antenna according to claim 27 characterised in that the dielectric substrate is part of a structure selected from the group:

the window glass of a motor vehicle, the metallic structure of a motor vehicle, the structure of a handheld terminal.

29. - An antenna according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that is used to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves for at least one of the following telecom systems:

GSM900, GSM1800, GSM850, PCS1900, CDMA, WCDMA, TDMA, UMTS, Bluetooth™

, IEEE802.11b, IEEE802.11g, IEEE802.11a, Ultra Wide Band (UWB).

30. - An antenna according to any one of the preceding claims characterised in that is used to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves simultaneously for at least three of the several telecom systems:

GSM900, GSM1800, GSM850, PCS1900, CDMA, WCDMA, TDMA, UMTS, Bluetooth™

, IEEE802.11b, IEEE802.11g, IEEE802.11a, Ultra Wide Band (UWB).