Capsules of multilayered neutral polymer films associated by hydrogen bonding

• US 20050163714A1
• Filed: 09/30/2004
• Published: 07/28/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 10/02/2003
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Stevens Institute Of Technology
• Original Assignee: Stevens Institute Of Technology
• Inventors: Kozlovskaya, Veronika, Kharlampieva, Eugenia, Sukhishvili, Svetlana A.
• Application Number:
  US10/954,922
• Publication Number:
  US 20050163714A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 424/9.600
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/5089 Processes

Abstract

Micro-, and nano-scale capsules comprising neutral (uncharged) polymeric layers, layers associated by hydrogen bonding and methods for making such capsules. The capsules of the invention are layered upon a core particle using a layer-by layer-technique. The capsule walls of the capsules of the invention give a tailored response to external stimuli.

Claims

1. An article comprising:

(a) a particle;

(b) a first neutral polymer film; and

(c) a second neutral polymer film contacting the first neutral polymer film,

wherein the particle is partly or substantially soluble in an aqueous medium.

2. The article of claim 1, wherein the aqueous medium comprises an inorganic or organic acid or an inorganic or organic base.

3. The article of claim 1, wherein the first neutral polymer film comprises a hydrogen bond donor.

4. The article of claim 3, wherein the first neutral polymer film comprises a polycarboxylic acid.

5. The article of claim 3, wherein the first neutral polymer film comprises a polymethacrylic acid, a polynucleotide, or a polymer of a vinyl nucleic acid or a copolymer thereof.

6. The article of claim 1, wherein the second neutral polymer film comprises a hydrogen-bond acceptor.

7. The article of claim 6, wherein the second neutral polymer film comprises a polyether, a polyketone, a polyaldehyde, a polyacrylamide, a polyamine, a polyester, a polyphosphazene, or a polysaccharide or a copolymer thereof.

8. The article of claim 6, wherein the second neutral polymer film comprises polyethylene oxide, poly-1,2-dimethoxyethylene, poly(vinylmethyl ether), poly(vinylbenzo-18-crown-6), polyvinyl butyral, poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone), polyacrylamide, polymethacrylamide, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), poly(4-amine)styrene, poly(cylohexane-1,4-dimethylene terephthalate), polyhydroxy methyl acrylate, poly(bis(methylamino)phosphazene), poly(bis(methoxyethoxyethoxy)phosphazene, carboxymethyl cellulose or a copolymer thereof.

9. The article of claim 1, wherein the first neutral polymer film and the second neutral polymer film are crosslinked.

10. The article of claim 1, wherein the particle comprises a mineral, an inorganic salt, an organic compound, or a salt of an organic compound.

11. The article of claim 1, wherein the particle comprises calcium carbonate, cadmium carbonate or manganese carbonate.

12. The article of claim 1, comprising a biomaterial.

13. The article of claim 12, wherein the biomaterial comprises a cell or a genetic material.

14. The article of claim 1, comprising a bioactive agent or a pharmaceutical.

15. The article of claim 14, wherein the bioactive agent or pharmaceutical comprises a small-molecule drug, a vaccine, an antibody, a hormone, a growth factor, a sex sterilant, a fertility inhibitor, a fertility promoter, a protein, a peptide, a fragrance, a flavor, a vitamin, or a nutrient.

16. The article of claim 1, comprising a chemical agent.

17. The article of claim 16, wherein the chemical agent comprises a nucleoside, a nucleotide, an oligonucleoside, an oligonucleotide, an agricultural material, a fertilizer, a pesticide, a preservative, a catalyst, an enzyme, a polymer, a colorant, a dye, a fluorescent compound, a sensor molecule, an excipient, a surfactant, a detergent, or a chemical used in environmental remediation.

18. An article comprising:

(a) a particle;

(b) a first neutral polymer film; and

(c) a second neutral polymer film contacting the first neutral polymer film,

wherein the diameter of the particle is of from about 3.5 nm to about 3.5 mm.

19. The article of claim 18, wherein the diameter of the particle is of from about 15 nm to about 1 mm.

20. The article of claim 18, wherein the diameter of the particle is of from about 25 nm to about 40 μ

m.

21. The article of claim 18, wherein the diameter of the particle is of from about 40 nm to about 20 μ

m.

22. The article of claim 18, wherein the diameter of the particle is of from about 80 nm to about 10 μ

m.

23. The article of claim 18, wherein the first neutral polymer film comprises a hydrogen bond donor.

24. The article of claim 18, wherein the first neutral polymer film comprises a polycarboxylic acid.

25. The article of claim 24, wherein the first neutral polymer film comprises a polymethacrylic acid, a polynucleotide, or a polymer of a vinyl nucleic acid or a copolymer thereof.

26. The article of claim 18, wherein the second neutral polymer film comprises a hydrogen-bond acceptor.

27. The article of claim 26, wherein the second neutral polymer film comprises a polyether, a polyketone, a polyaldehyde, a polyacrylamide, a polyamine, a polyester, a polyphosphazene, or a polysaccharide or a copolymer thereof.

28. The article of claim 26, wherein the second neutral polymer film comprises polyethylene oxide, poly-1,2-dimethoxyethylene, poly(vinylmethyl ether), poly(vinylbenzo-18-crown-6), polyvinyl butyral, poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone), polyacrylamide, polymethacrylamide, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), poly(4-amine)styrene, poly(cylohexane-1,4-dimethylene terephthalate), polyhydroxy methyl acrylate, poly(bis(methylamino)phosphazene), poly(bis(methoxyethoxyethoxy)phosphazene, carboxymethyl cellulose or a copolymer thereof.

29. The article of claim 18, wherein the first neutral polymer film and the second neutral polymer film are crosslinked.

30. The article of claim 18, wherein the particle comprises a mineral, an inorganic salt, an organic compound, or a salt of an organic compound.

31. The article of claim 18, wherein the particle comprises calcium carbonate, cadmium carbonate or manganese carbonate.

32. The article of claim 18, comprising a biomaterial.

33. The article of claim 32, wherein the biomaterial comprises a cell or a genetic material.

34. The article of claim 18, comprising a bioactive agent or a pharmaceutical.

35. The article of claim 34, wherein the bioactive agent or pharmaceutical comprises a small-molecule drug, a vaccine, an antibody, a hormone, a growth factor, a sex sterilant, a fertility inhibitor, a fertility promoter, a protein, a peptide, a fragrance, a flavor, a vitamin, or a nutrient.

36. The article of claim 18, comprising a chemical agent.

37. The article of claim 36, wherein the chemical agent comprises a nucleoside, a nucleotide, an oligonucleoside, an oligonucleotide, an agricultural material, a fertilizer, a pesticide, a preservative, a catalyst, an enzyme, a polymer, a colorant, a dye, a fluorescent compound, a sensor molecule, an excipient, a surfactant, a detergent, or a chemical used in environmental remediation.

38. A capsule comprising:

(a) a first neutral polymer film;

(b) a second neutral polymer film contacting the first neutral polymer film, and

(c) a cavity.

39. The capsule of claim 38, wherein the diameter of the cavity is of from about 3.5 nm to about 3.5 mm.

40. The capsule of claim 38, wherein the diameter of the cavity is of from about 15 nm to about 1 mm.

41. The capsule of claim 38, wherein the diameter of the cavity is of from about 25 nm to about 40 μ

m.

42. The capsule of claim 38, wherein the diameter of the cavity is of from about 40 nm to about 20 μ

m.

43. The capsule of claim 38, wherein the diameter of the cavity is of from about 80 nm to about 10 μ

m.

44. The capsule of claim 38, wherein the first neutral polymer film comprises a hydrogen bond donor.

45. The capsule of claim 44, wherein the first neutral polymer film comprises a polycarboxylic acid.

46. The capsule of claim 44, wherein the first neutral polymer film comprises a polymethacrylic acid, a polynucleotide, or a polymer of a vinyl nucleic acid or a copolymer thereof.

47. The capsule of claim 38, wherein the second neutral polymer film comprises a hydrogen-bond acceptor.

48. The capsule of claim 47, wherein the second neutral polymer film comprises a polyether, a polyketone, a polyaldehyde, a polyacrylamide, a polyamine, a polyester, a polyphosphazene, or a polysaccharide or a copolymer thereof.

49. The capsule of claim 47, wherein the second neutral polymer film comprises polyethylene oxide, poly-1,2-dimethoxyethylene, poly(vinylmethyl ether), poly(vinylbenzo-18-crown-6), polyvinyl butyral, poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone), polyacrylamide, polymethacrylamide, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), poly(4-amine)styrene, poly(cylohexane-1,4-dimethylene terephthalate), polyhydroxy methyl acrylate, poly(bis(methylamino)phosphazene), poly(bis(methoxyethoxyethoxy)phosphazene, carboxymethyl cellulose or a copolymer thereof.

50. The capsule of claim 38, wherein the first neutral polymer film and the second neutral polymer film are crosslinked.

51. The capsule of claim 38, comprising a biomaterial.

52. The capsule of claim 51, wherein the biomaterial comprises a cell or a genetic material.

53. The capsule of claim 38, comprising a bioactive agent or a pharmaceutical.

54. The capsule of claim 53, wherein the bioactive agent or pharmaceutical comprises a small-molecule drug, a vaccine, an antibody, a hormone, a growth factor, a sex sterilant, a fertility inhibitor, a fertility promoter, a protein, a peptide, a fragrance, a flavor, a vitamin, or a nutrient.

55. The capsule of claim 38, comprising a chemical agent.

56. The capsule of claim 55, wherein the chemical agent comprises a nucleoside, a nucleotide, an oligonucleoside, an oligonucleotide, an agricultural material, a fertilizer, a pesticide, a preservative, a catalyst, an enzyme, a polymer, a colorant, a dye, a fluorescent compound, a sensor molecule, an excipient, a surfactant, a detergent, or a chemical used in environmental remediation.

57. A method of making a capsule comprising:

(a) contacting a solution of a first uncharged polymer with a particle to coat the particle with a first neutral polymer film;

(b) contacting the coated particle with a solution of a second uncharged polymer to coat the coated particle with a second neutral polymer film.

58. The method of claim 57, wherein the particle is partly or substantially soluble in an aqueous medium

59. The method of claim 57, wherein the diameter of the particle is of from about 3.5 nm to about 3.5 mm.

60. The method of claim 57, wherein the diameter of the particle is of from about 15 nm to about 1 mm.

61. The method of claim 57, wherein the diameter of the particle is of from about 25 nm to about 40 μ

m.

62. The method of claim 57, wherein the diameter of the particle is of from about 40 nm to about 20 μ

m.

63. The method of claim 57, wherein the diameter of the particle is of from about 80 nm to about 10 μ

m.

64. The method of claim 58, further comprising contacting the particle coated with a second neutral polymer film with the aqueous medium to form a cavity.

65. The method of claim 64, wherein the diameter of the cavity is of from about 3.5 nm to about 3.5 mm.

66. The method of claim 64, wherein the diameter of the cavity is of from about 15 nm to about 1 mm.

67. The method of claim 64, wherein the diameter of the cavity is of from about 25 nm to about 40 μ

m.

68. The method of claim 64, wherein the diameter of the cavity is of from about 40 nm to about 20 μ

m.

69. The method of claim 64, wherein the diameter of the cavity is of from about 80 nm to about 10 μ

m.

70. The method of claim 57, wherein the aqueous medium comprises an inorganic or organic acid or an inorganic or organic base.

71. The method of claim 57, wherein the first neutral polymer film comprises a hydrogen bond donor.

72. The method of claim 71, wherein the first neutral polymer film comprises a polycarboxylic acid.

73. The method of claim 71, wherein the first neutral polymer film comprises a polymethacrylic acid, a polynucleotide, or a polymer of a vinyl nucleic acid or a copolymer thereof.

74. The method of claim 57, wherein the second neutral polymer film comprises a hydrogen-bond acceptor.

75. The method of claim 74, wherein the second neutral polymer film comprises a polyether, a polyketone, a polyaldehyde, a polyacrylamide, a polyamine, a polyester, a polyphosphazene, or a polysaccharide or a copolymer thereof.

76. The method of claim 74, wherein the second neutral polymer film comprises polyethylene oxide, poly-1,2-dimethoxyethylene, poly(vinylmethyl ether), poly(vinylbenzo-18-crown-6), polyvinyl butyral, poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone), polyacrylamide, polymethacrylamide, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), poly(4-amine)styrene, poly(cylohexane-1,4-dimethylene terephthalate), polyhydroxy methyl acrylate, poly(bis(methylamino)phosphazene), poly(bis(methoxyethoxyethoxy)phosphazene, carboxymethyl cellulose or a copolymer thereof.

77. The method of claim 57, wherein the first neutral polymer film and the second neutral polymer film are crosslinked.

78. The method of claim 57, further comprising incorporating a biomaterial into the capsule.

79. The method of claim 78, wherein the biomaterial comprises a cell or a genetic material.

80. The method of claim 57, further comprising incorporating a bioactive agent or a pharmaceutical into the capsule.

81. The method of claim 80, wherein the bioactive agent or pharmaceutical comprises a small-molecule drug, a vaccine, an antibody, a hormone, a growth factor, a sex sterilant, a fertility inhibitor, a fertility promoter, a protein, a peptide, a fragrance, a flavor, a vitamin, or a nutrient.

82. The method of claim 57, further comprising incorporating a chemical agent into the capsule.

83. The method of claim 82, wherein the chemical agent comprises a nucleoside, a nucleotide, an oligonucleoside, an oligonucleotide, an agricultural material, a fertilizer, a pesticide, a preservative, a catalyst, an enzyme, a polymer, a colorant, a dye, a fluorescent compound, a sensor molecule, an excipient, a surfactant, a detergent, or a chemical used in environmental remediation.