Nanoscale transduction systems for detecting molecular interactions
First Claim
1. A method comprising binding a nanostructure and an associated structure to a target and reversibly altering interaction between the nanostructure, the associated structure and the target.
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Abstract
The present invention relates to nanoscale transduction systems that produce reversible signals to facilitate detection. In one respect, the invention relates to the analysis of molecular binding events using higher order signaling nanoscale constructs, or “nanomachines”, that allow nanostructures to be individually detectable, even in the midst of high background noise. Such systems are particularly useful for improving the performance of rare target detection methods, as well as being generally useful in any field in which sensitivity, discrimination and confidence in detection are important.
77 Citations
176 Claims
- 1. A method comprising binding a nanostructure and an associated structure to a target and reversibly altering interaction between the nanostructure, the associated structure and the target.
- 53. An apparatus comprising a nanostructure and an associated structure, wherein the nanostructure and the associated structure are adapted to reversibly interact with each other and a target.
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80. A method comprising:
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a. providing nanostructures, associated structures, and targets; and
b. detecting a temporally varying, spatially independent, information signal produced by the nanostructures, associated structures, and targets. - View Dependent Claims (81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100)
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101. A system for detecting a target comprising:
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a. a nanostructure, an associated structure, and the target, adapted to produce a reversibly altering interaction between the nanostructure, associated structure and target;
b. an input source adapted to impart energy to the nanostructure, associated structure, and target combination thereby producing the reversibly altering interaction; and
c. a detector configured to detect transduced output generated by the reversibly altering interaction. - View Dependent Claims (102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115)
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- 116. A signaling nanostructure comprising at least one target binding region and at least one signal influencing region, wherein the signal influencing region has attached thereto a signal influencing element that alters a signaling characteristic of the nanostructure, and wherein the target binding region is selective for a predetermined target.
- 122. A signaling nanostructure having at least one signal influencing region having attached thereto a signal influencing element that alters a signaling characteristic of the nanostructure, wherein the signal influencing element further comprises at least one target binding region having attached thereto a target binding element, and wherein the target binding element is selective for a predetermined target.
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131. A kit comprising:
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a. a first signaling nanostructure having a first metallic nanoparticle attached thereto, wherein the first metallic nanoparticle further comprises at least one first target binding region having attached thereto a first target binding element, and wherein the first target binding element is selective for a predetermined target; and
b. a second metallic nanoparticle comprising at least one second target binding region having attached thereto a second target binding element, and wherein the second target binding element is selective for the same predetermined target. - View Dependent Claims (132, 133, 134, 135, 136)
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137. A method comprising the steps of:
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a. binding a nanostructure to a target;
b. binding an associated structure to the target;
c. reversibly altering an interaction between the nanostructure, the associated structure and the target to produce information; and
d. detecting the information. - View Dependent Claims (138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148)
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- 149. A metallic nanoparaticle having attached thereto a signaling element and a target binding element.
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156. A method for identifying a target nucleic acid molecule in a sample, the method comprising:
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a. contacting the target nucleic acid molecule with a first nucleic acid probe comprising a signaling element, wherein the first nucleic acid probe hybridizes to the target molecule;
b. contacting the target nucleic acid with a second nucleic acid probe comprising a signal inhibiting element, wherein the second probe hybridizes to the target nucleic acid molecule such that the signal inhibiting element is in proximity to the signaling element thereby reducing the signal associated with the signaling element;
c. applying a pulsed electric field to a nucleic acid complex formed by the target nucleic acid and hybridized probes, wherein the pulsed electric field periodically interrupts the ability of the signal inhibiting element to reduce the signal associated with the signaling element thereby producing an oscillating signal; and
d. detecting the oscillating signal. - View Dependent Claims (157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176)
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Specification