Surgical device for implanting a total hip prosthesis

• US 20050203536A1
• Filed: 02/10/2005
• Published: 09/15/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 02/10/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Corin Limited (Corin Medical Ltd. /Management/)
• Original Assignee: Tornier Incorporated
• Inventors: Giraud, Francois, Puget, Jean, Migaud, Henri, Tabutin, Jacques, Laffargue, Philippe
• Granted Patent: US 7,927,338 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 606/91
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/102 Modelling of surgical devices, implants or prosthesis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/105 Modelling of the patient, e.g. for ligaments or bones
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2055 Optical tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2072 Reference field transducer attached to an instrument or patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/10 Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/34 Acetabular cups
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/36 Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/3662 Femoral shafts
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4603 for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4607 of hip femoral endoprostheses
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4609 of acetabular cups
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4657 Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints for surgical instruments A61B90/06
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4684 Trial or dummy prostheses
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30616 Sets comprising a plurality of prosthetic parts of different sizes or orientations
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3208 Bipolar or multipolar joints, e.g. having a femoral head articulating within an intermediate acetabular shell whilst said shell articulates within the natural acetabular socket or within an artificial outer shell
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3233 having anti-luxation means for preventing complete dislocation of the femoral head from the acetabular cup
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3611 Heads or epiphyseal parts of femur
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3625 Necks
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4631 the prosthesis being specially adapted for being cemented
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4632 : using computer-controlled surgery, e.g. robotic surgery
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4633 : for selection of endoprosthetic joints or for pre-operative planning
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4663 : for measuring volumes or other three-dimensional shapes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4668 : for measuring angles
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4681 : by applying mechanical shocks, e.g. by hammering
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4696 : optical
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2250/0064 : Sets comprising a plurality of prosthetic parts of different sizes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00011 : Metals or alloys
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30008 : Bone
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/73 : using feature-based methods

Abstract

The surgical device according to the invention comprises both means for per-operative measurement and for memorization of a plurality of positions of a given femoral prosthetic direction and means for per-operative comparison of these positions with the cone of mobility of the prosthesis to be implanted, the position of the axis of revolution of this cone being, during the implantation of the prosthesis, adjustable with respect to the zone of the pelvis where the implantation of an acetabulum of the prosthesis is provided. By using this device, the surgeon can easily and rapidly determine, in the course of the surgical operation, a preferential direction for implanting the prosthetic acetabulum in order to reduce the subsequent risks of dislocations of the implanted prosthesis.

Claims

1. Surgical device for implanting a total hip prosthesis, wherein it comprises means for per-operative measurement and for memorization of a plurality of positions of a given femoral prosthetic direction and means for per-operative comparison of these positions with the cone of mobility of the prosthesis to be implanted, the position of the axis of revolution of this cone being, during the implantation of the prosthesis, adjustable with respect to the zone of the pelvis where the implantation of an acetabulum of the prosthesis is provided.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein it comprises means for communicating to the surgeon the comparison between the positions of the femoral prosthetic direction and the cone of mobility of the prosthesis.

3. The device of claim 2, wherein the communication means comprise a means for displaying symbolic representations of the positions of the femoral prosthetic direction and of the position of the cone of mobility of the prosthesis.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein it comprises means for selection by the surgeon or for calculation and memorization of at least one preferential position of the axis of the cone of mobility of the prosthesis.

5. The device of claim 4, wherein it further comprises, on the one hand, an impactor for definitively positioning the acetabulum of the prosthesis in the zone of implantation of the pelvis, equipped with means for locating in space and, on the other hand, means for comparing the direction of impaction of this impactor with the preferential position.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein the measuring means comprise a phantom femoral component defining the femoral prosthetic direction, positions of this femoral component with respect to the zone of implantation of the pelvis corresponding to the positions of the femoral prosthetic direction to be compared with the cone of mobility of the prosthesis.

7. The device of claim 6, wherein it comprises means for determining the centre of an osseous cavity of the pelvis, constituting the zone of implantation of the pelvis and adapted to receive the phantom femoral component when the different positions of this component are measured.

8. The device of claim 6, wherein it comprises a support for the phantom femoral component, adapted to be fixedly connected to the femur and to bear means for locating in space.

9. The device of claim 6, wherein the phantom femoral component defines an articular surface adapted to be directly articulated on the zone of implantation of the pelvis and substantially identical to the outer surface of the acetabulum of the prosthesis to be implanted.

10. The device of claim 1, wherein it comprises a phantom acetabulum reproducing the axis of the cone of mobility of the prosthesis and equipped with a means for manual manipulation with respect to the zone of implantation of the pelvis, provided with means for locating in space.

11. Surgical method for implantation of a total hip prosthesis, in which, per-operatively and successively:

the bone of the femur and the bone of the pelvis of a patient to be treated are located in space,

a plurality of positions of a given femoral prosthetic direction with respect to a cavity of the pelvis are measured and memorized,

these measured positions are compared with the cone of mobility of the prosthesis to be implanted, the position of the axis of revolution of this cone being adjusted with respect to the cavity in the course of the surgical operation,

at least one preferential position of this axis of revolution is determined, and

a cotyloid part of the prosthesis is impacted in the cavity of the pelvis in said preferential position.