Packet transfer apparatus

• US 20050207411A1
• Filed: 01/12/2005
• Published: 09/22/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 03/22/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Hitachi Communication Technologies, Ltd. (Hitachi, Ltd.)
• Inventors: Miyata, Hiroaki, Nakajima, Jun, Ota, Migaku, Sakamoto, Yoshitaka
• Granted Patent: US 7,430,205 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 370/389
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/2856 Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access asynchronous transfer mode networks H04L12/5601; broadband local area networks H04L12/2801; optical access or distribution networks H04Q11/0067; access to open networks H04L12/5691; digital subscriber line end-user equipment and bit-level processing of data on a PSTN-based network H04M11/00; home network gateways H04L12/2834; wireless access networks H04W
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/2859 Point-to-point connection between the data network and the subscribers encapsulation H04L12/4633; virtual LANs H04L12/4641; routing of packets H04L45/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/4633 Interconnection of networks using encapsulation techniques, e.g. tunneling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/00 Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks routing or path finding in wireless networks H04W40/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/30 Routing of multiclass traffic
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/34 Source routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/66 Layer 2 routing, e.g. in Ethernet based MAN's
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/16 Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/168 specially adapted for link layer protocols, e.g. asynchronous transfer mode [ATM], synchronous optical network [SONET] or point-to-point protocol [PPP]

Abstract

A packet transfer apparatus which can switch a communication path for each of a plurality of users using the same L2TP tunnel is provided. Packet transfer apparatuses terminating L2TP contain a table specifying a flow threshold level and a priority level of each subscriber; the amount of packet flow of each subscriber is measured in accordance with the information in the table; if the threshold level is exceeded, the packet communication path is switched in accordance with the priority level specified for each subscriber. The OSPF protocol is used to manage the path information, and the information of a plurality of paths to a destination is stored in a path management table. The path is switched by specifying destination routers with the source routing option in the IP header of a packet after L2TP encapsulation.

Claims

1. A packet transfer apparatus for serving a plurality of communication terminals having IP addresses and for connecting the communication terminals through a Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) network to the Internet, the packet transfer apparatus comprising:

a protocol processing block for specifying a priority policy for associating a priority level with a path selection method and for selecting one of a plurality of physical paths formed by a plurality of routers in the L2TP network;

a plurality of channel interfaces for transferring a received packet to the protocol processing block and for sending the packet received from the protocol processing block in a communication protocol used on an input/output channel;

a switch for transferring the packet received from the protocol processing block to another protocol processing block connected to the channel interface containing an output port having a given address;

a user information table for specifying a destination address of an L2TP tunnel and an L2TP session, a flow threshold level, and a priority level, in correspondence with a user ID of a user using a communication terminal; and

a path management table for storing a path identifier of each path to a destination subnet address, addresses of routers included in each path, and a metric value representing the proximity to a destination subnet or the transfer rate of each path;

wherein the protocol processing block

creates a user management table storing the destination addresses of the L2TP tunnels and the L2TP sessions, the flow threshold levels, and the priority levels of the users defined in the user information table, in correspondence with identifiers for identifying the individual users, when the L2TP tunnel and the L2TP session are established;

detects the amount of packet flow of each user in accordance with the identifier for identifying the user at the reception of a packet from the channel interface, and compares the amount of packet flow with the flow threshold level defined in the user management table;

selects a transfer path in accordance with a priority policy for switching a default path to another path having a different metric value, depending on the priority level, with reference to paths defined for the corresponding destination subnet address in the path management table, if the amount of packet flow exceeds the flow threshold level; and

adds a source routing option for specifying addresses of routers to be passed, as indicated in the path management table, to the data received from the communication terminal, performs L2TP encapsulation for adding a header used in the L2TP tunnel, and switches a physical path by specifying destination routers.

2. A packet transfer apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the priority policy determines that the default path is switched to a faster path having a lower metric value if the amount of packet flow of a user having a high priority exceeds the threshold level and that the default path is switched to a slower path having a higher metric value if the amount of packet flow of a user having a low priority exceeds the threshold level.

3. A packet transfer apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the path management table specifies a path having a medium metric value as the default communication path.

4. A packet transfer apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, if a packet flow comparison indicates that the measured amount of packet flow does not exceed the flow threshold level, the protocol processing block performs L2TP encapsulation for adding a header used in the L2TP tunnel, selects the default path with reference to the path management table, adds the source routing option, and transfers packets.

5. A packet transfer apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the source routing option includes a data item indicating either loose source routing, in which a different router can be passed before the next router specified in the option, or strict source routing, in which routers having specified addresses must be passed in the specified order, is performed.

6. A packet transfer apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the user management table for LAC, which stores the flow threshold levels and the priority levels of the individual users defined in the user information table in correspondence with individual PPPoE session IDs for identifying the users, is created when the L2TP tunnel and the L2TP session are established, if the apparatus operates as a subscriber-side L2TP terminating apparatus (LAC);

and

the packet processing block obtains the flow threshold level and the priority level corresponding to each PPPoE session ID with reference to the user management table.

7. A packet transfer apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the user management table for LNS, which stores the flow threshold levels and the priority levels of the individual users defined in the user information table in correspondence with the destination IP address used by a communication terminal before L2TP encapsulation, is created when the L2TP tunnel and the L2TP session are established, if the apparatus operates as an Internet-service-provider-side L2TP terminating apparatus (LNS);

and

the packet processing block obtains the flow threshold level and the priority level corresponding to a destination IP address, with reference to the user management table.