Pluripotent mammalian cells
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method of making pluripotent stem cells that does not involve the formation of early preimplantation embryos or fetal tissue. The method has general utility in the production of pluripotent stem cells from many mammalian species but has particular application in man where pluripotent stem cell production can be customized to particular human individual. The method involves the fusion of donor somatic or stem cells (or their karyoplasts) with cytoplasmic, membrane-delimited fragments of mammalian oocytes or zygotes. After the initial genomic reprogramming occurs, the cells can proliferate and thus multiply in vitro yielding a large number of autologous cells for cell therapy application. The result of this process is a cell population genomically identical to the somatic, differentiated cells derived from an individual patient. However, these cells are pluripotent in that upon application of specific growth factors, the cells are capable of differentiating into specific cell types as required by the sought clinical indication.
18 Citations
68 Claims
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1-47. -47. (canceled)
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48. A method of generating a hybrid mammalian cell comprising:
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(a) preparing more than one cytoplast fragment from a mammalian metaphase 11 oocyte or fertilized zygote wherein the amount of cytoplasm in the cytoplast fragment is less than the amount of cytoplasm in the mammalian oocyte or fertilized zygote;
(b) obtaining a nuclear donor cell or karyoplast taken from a mammal;
(c) combining one cytoplast fragment of step a) with the nuclear donor cell or karyoplast of step b) to produce a hybrid mammalian cell; and
(d) if an oocyte is used in step (a), then activating the oocyte before, during or after step (c). - View Dependent Claims (49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65)
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66. A method for reprogramming mammalian cells comprising:
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(a) preparing more than one cytoplast fragment from a mammalian mammalian metaphase II oocyte or fertilized zygote wherein the amount of cytoplasm in the cytoplast fragment is less than the amount of cytoplasm in the mammalian oocyte or fertilized zygote;
(b) obtaining a nuclear donor cell or karyoplast taken from a mammal; and
(c) combining one cytoplast fragment of step a) with the nuclear donor cell or karyoplast of step b) to produce a reprogrammed mammalian cell; and
(d) if an oocyte is used in step (a), then activating the oocyte before, during or after step (c). - View Dependent Claims (67)
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68. A method of generating a hybrid mammalian cell comprising:
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(a) preparing more than one cytoplast fragment from a mammalian metaphase II oocyte or fertilized zygote wherein the amount of cytoplasm in the cytoplast fragment is less than the amount of cytoplasm in the mammalian oocyte or fertilized zygote;
(b) obtaining nuclear donor cell or karyoplast taken from a mammal; and
(c) combining one cytoplast fragment of step a) with the nuclear donor cell or karyoplast of step (b) to produce a hybrid mammalian cell; and
(d) if an oocyte is used in step (a), then activating the oocyte before, during or after step (c).
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Specification