Method for achieving ultra-low emission limits in VOC control
First Claim
1. A process for treating HAPs in air to ultra-low emission limits, said process to include the steps of:
- a. Passing the air stream through a bed of synthetic adsorbent, b. Removing the adsorbent to a regeneration column;
c. Regenerating the adsorbent at elevated temperature and above-atmospheric pressure in a highly turbulent fluidized bed operating as an equilibrium-stage column;
d. Cooling of the adsorbent;
e. Placement of the adsorbent back into the adsorption bed;
f. Destruction of the HAP vapors using a catalytic oxidizer, g. Scrubbing of the vapors with a caustic scrubber or solid basic adsorbent to remove acid gas; and
h. Exhausting the regeneration air stream to the atmosphere.
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Abstract
The present invention relates to adsorption and regeneration of adsorbent media for air pollution control, volatile organic compound (VOC) control, hazardous air pollutant (HAP) control, toxic air contaminant (TAC) control, and solvent recovery. The present invention is an improved device for removing VOCs/HAPs/TACs from high volume air streams to ultra-low levels using synthetic polymeric adsorbents. The invention is embodied in a HAP adsorption section, a regeneration section, and a chemical destruction or recovery section. In order to recover HAPs from low concentration air streams, multiple adsorption (concentration) steps may be necessary. Adsorption is typically accomplished with a multi-tray fluidized bed operating in the moving bed to fully fluidized regime. The regeneration section has either a long, multi-stage regeneration column with a high number of stages relative to the number of theoretical desorption stages required or a recirculating fluidized bed with a high make-up air to volume ratio. Destruction can be carried out through a thermal or catalytic oxidizer or the regeneration air stream can be concentrated into fixed-bed carbon vessels.
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Citations
56 Claims
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1. A process for treating HAPs in air to ultra-low emission limits, said process to include the steps of:
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a. Passing the air stream through a bed of synthetic adsorbent, b. Removing the adsorbent to a regeneration column;
c. Regenerating the adsorbent at elevated temperature and above-atmospheric pressure in a highly turbulent fluidized bed operating as an equilibrium-stage column;
d. Cooling of the adsorbent;
e. Placement of the adsorbent back into the adsorption bed;
f. Destruction of the HAP vapors using a catalytic oxidizer, g. Scrubbing of the vapors with a caustic scrubber or solid basic adsorbent to remove acid gas; and
h. Exhausting the regeneration air stream to the atmosphere. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A process for treating HAPs in air to ultra-low emission limits, said process to include the steps of:
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a. Passing the air stream through a bed of synthetic adsorbent, b. Removing the adsorbent to a regeneration column;
c. Regenerating the adsorbent at elevated temperature and above-atmospheric pressure in a highly turbulent fluidized bed operating as an equilibrium-stage column;
d. Utilizing an inert gas or a gas with decreased oxygen levels to effect the regeneration to allow for higher temperature in the regeneration column and/or to effect regeneration of higher boiling point compounds without oxidizing the adsorbent, e. Cooling of the adsorbent;
f. Placement of the adsorbent back into the adsorption bed;
g. Cooling of the desorbed HAP vapors;
h. Adsorption of the HAP vapors using an adsorbent bed; and
i. Exhausting the regeneration air stream to the atmosphere. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28)
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29. A process for treating HAPs in air to ultra-low emission limits, said process to include the steps of:
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a. Passing the air stream through a bed of synthetic adsorbent;
b. Removing the adsorbent to a regeneration bed;
c. Regenerating the adsorbent at elevated temperature and above-atmospheric pressure in a highly turbulent recirculating fluidized bed;
d. Cooling of the adsorbent;
e. Placement of the adsorbent back into the adsorption bed;
f. Destruction of the HAP vapors using a catalytic oxidizer, g. Scrubbing of the vapors with a caustic scrubber or solid basic adsorbent to remove acid gas; and
h. Exhausting the regeneration air stream to the atmosphere. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41)
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42. A process for treating HAPs in air to ultra-low emission limits, said process to include the steps of:
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a. Passing the air stream through a bed of synthetic adsorbent;
b. Removing the adsorbent to a regeneration bed;
c. Regenerating the adsorbent at elevated temperature and above-atmospheric pressure in a highly turbulent recirculating fluidized bed;
d. Utilizing an inert gas or a gas with decreased oxygen levels to effect the regeneration to allow for higher temperature in the regeneration column and/or to effect regeneration of higher boiling point compounds without oxidizing the adsorbent;
e. Cooling of the adsorbent;
f. Placement of the adsorbent back into the adsorption bed;
g. Cooling of the desorbed HAP vapors;
h. Adsorption of the HAP vapors using an adsorbent bed; and
i. Exhausting the regeneration air stream to the atmosphere. - View Dependent Claims (43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56)
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Specification