Shape memory polymer seat assemblies

• US 20050218710A1
• Filed: 03/09/2005
• Published: 10/06/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 03/12/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations Incorporated (Motors Liquidation Co. GUC Trust)
• Inventors: Browne, Alan L., Johnson, Nancy L.
• Granted Patent: US 7,309,104 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 297/452.640
• CPC Class Codes: A47C 27/14 with foamed material inlays
• CPC Class Codes: A47C 31/11 for chairs for headrests only A47C7/386; removable protective covers for car seats B60N2/60
• CPC Class Codes: A47C 5/00 Chairs of special materials
• CPC Class Codes: B60N 2/58 Seat coverings
• CPC Class Codes: B60N 2/5891 characterised by the manufacturing process; manufacturing seat coverings not otherwise provided for
• CPC Class Codes: B60N 2/64 Back-rests or cushions B60N2/2222 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B60N 2/646 shape of the cushion
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 2201/12 Shape memory

Abstract

A seat assembly includes a seat fabric, wherein at least a portion of the seat fabric comprises a yarn comprising a shape memory polymer adapted to undergo a change in a modulus of elasticity at a thermal transition temperature; a support material upon which the seat fabric is disposed; and a controller in operative communication with the shape memory polymer, wherein the controller is operable to selectively apply a thermal activation signal to the shape memory polymer to effect a change in the modulus of elasticity of the shape memory polymer, wherein the change in the modulus of elasticity of the shape memory polymer results in a change in a stiffness and/or flexibility of the seat fabric.

Claims

1. A seat assembly, comprising:

a seat fabric, wherein at least a portion of the seat fabric comprises a yarn comprising a shape memory polymer adapted to undergo a change in a modulus of elasticity at a thermal transition temperature;

a support material upon which the seat fabric is disposed; and

a controller in operative communication with the shape memory polymer, wherein the controller is operable to selectively apply a thermal activation signal to the shape memory polymer to effect a change in the modulus of elasticity of the shape memory polymer, wherein the change in the modulus of elasticity of the shape memory polymer results in a change in a stiffness and/or flexibility of the seat fabric.

2. The seat assembly of claim 1, wherein the change in the stiffness and/or flexibility of the seat fabric results in a change in a shape of the seat assembly.

3. The seat assembly of claim 2, wherein the change in the shape of the seat assembly is reversible.

4. The seat assembly of claim 1, wherein the change in the stiffness and/or flexibility of the seat fabric results in a change in a compliance of the seat assembly.

5. The seat assembly of claim 4, wherein the change in the compliance of the seat assembly is reversible.

6. The seat assembly of claim 1, wherein the yarn comprises a strand, strip, ribbon, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing, of the shape memory polymer.

7. The seat assembly of claim 1, wherein the at least the portion of the seat fabric comprises a plurality yarns, wherein each of the plurality of yarns comprises a shape memory polymer, wherein each shape memory polymers is adapted to undergo a change in a modulus of elasticity at a thermal transition temperature.

8. The seat assembly of claim 7, wherein each shape memory polymer of each of the plurality of yarns has a different thermal transition temperature.

9. The seat assembly of claim 1, wherein the seat assembly is used in a motor vehicle.

10. The seat assembly of claim 1, wherein the support material comprises a shape memory polymer adapted to undergo a change in a modulus of elasticity at the thermal transition temperature.

11. The seat assembly of claim 10, wherein the shape memory polymer of the support material may be a solid, foam, non-foam solid comprising a cavity or hole, a lattice structure, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

12. The seat assembly of claim 10, wherein the shape memory polymer of the support material is in operative communication with the controller.

13. The seat assembly of claim 10, wherein thermodynamic heat transfer from the seat fabric to the shape memory polymer of the support material results in the change in the modulus of elasticity of the shape memory polymer of the support material.

14. The seat assembly of claim 1, wherein the seat fabric is covered by a layer of leather, vinyl, other fabric, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

15. The seat assembly of claim 1, wherein the seat assembly comprises a seat back seat bottom, seat headrest, seat armrest, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

16. The seat assembly of claim 1, wherein the seat assembly is a motor vehicle seat assembly.

17. A method, comprising:

contacting a seat user with a seat fabric of a seat assembly, wherein at least a portion of the seat fabric is woven from a yarn comprising a shape memory polymer;

heating the shape memory polymer of the yarn to a thermal transition temperature effective to undergo a change in a modulus of elasticity at the thermal transition temperature, wherein the change in the modulus of elasticity results in a change in the stiffness and/or flexibility of the seat fabric; and

cooling the shape memory polymer of the yarn below the thermal transition temperature effective to change a shape of the seat assembly, or maintaining the shape memory polymer of the yarn at or above the thermal transition temperature effective to change a compliance of the seat assembly.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising heating a shape memory polymer of a support material to the thermal transition temperature effective to undergo a change in a modulus of elasticity of the shape memory polymer of the support material at the thermal transition temperature, wherein the change in the modulus of elasticity results in a change in the stiffness and/or flexibility of the support material.

19. The method of claim 17, further comprising cooling the shape memory polymer of the support material below the thermal transition temperature effective to change the shape of the seat assembly, or maintaining the shape memory polymer of the support material at or above the thermal transition temperature effective to change the compliance of the seat assembly.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein the contacting the seat user with the seat fabric of the seat assembly comprises indirect contacting such that a layer of a leather, vinyl, other fabric, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing, covers the seat fabric and the seat user directly contacts the layer.