Heat transfer fluid comprising 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoeopropene and carbon dioxide

• US 20050241805A1
• Filed: 04/29/2004
• Published: 11/03/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 04/29/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Original Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Inventors: Singh, Rajiv R., Pham, Hang T., Shankland, Ian
• Granted Patent: US 7,655,610 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 165/104.120
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 2203/06 CO2, N2 or noble gases
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 2203/162 Halogenated unsaturated hydrocarbons, e.g. H2C=CF2
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 2205/052 Closed cells, i.e. more than 50% of the pores are closed
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 2300/22 Thermoplastic resins
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 2323/06 Polyethene
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 2323/12 Polypropene
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 2325/06 Polystyrene
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 2367/02 Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds; C08J2367/06 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 9/122 Hydrogen, oxygen, CO2, nitrogen or noble gases
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 9/127 Mixtures of organic and inorganic blowing agents
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 9/146 only fluorine as halogen atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 3/30 for aerosols aerosol containers B65D83/14
• CPC Class Codes: C09K 5/045 containing only fluorine as halogen
• CPC Class Codes: C11D 7/5063 Halogenated hydrocarbons containing heteroatoms, e.g. fluoro alcohols
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/4973 Replacing of defective part

Abstract

Disclosed are compositions useful in a wide variety of applications, including heat transfer fluids which possess a highly desirable and unexpectedly superior combination of properties, and heat transfer systems and methods based on these fluids. The preferred heat transfer fluid comprises from about 1 to about 40 percent, on a weight basis, of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and from about 99 to about 60 percent, on a weight basis, of a compound having the Formula I XCF_zR_3-z (I), where X is a C₂ or a C₃ unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, alkyl radical, each R is independently Cl, F, Br, I or H, and z is 1 to 3. A preferred compound of Formula I is tetrafluoropropene, particularly 1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropene.

Claims

1. A heat transfer fluid comprising from about 1 to about 40 percent by weight of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and from about 99 to about 60 percent by weight of one or more compounds of Formula I XCF_zR_3-z (I), where X is a C₂ or a C₃ unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, alkyl radical, each R is independently Cl, F, Br, I or H, and z is 1 to 3.

2. The heat transfer fluid of claim 1 wherein said one or more compounds of Formula I comprises trans-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze) and wherein said fluid has a vapor pressure of at least about 30 psia at 35°

F.

3. The fluid of claim 2 wherein said CO₂ is present in an amount of at least about 5 percent by weight and said trans-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropene is present in an amount not greater than about 95 percent by weight.

4. The fluid of claim 1 wherein said fluid is non-flammable.

5. The fluid of claim 1 having a refrigeration capacity substantially matching that of R-22.

6. The fluid of claim 1 having a refrigeration capacity substantially matching that of R-407C.

7. The fluid of claim 1 having a refrigeration capacity substantially matching that of R-410A.

8. The fluid of claim 1 having a refrigeration capacity substantially matching that of R-404A.

9. The fluid of claim 1 having a refrigeration capacity substantially natching that of R-507A.

10. A process for changing the heat content of a body comprising proving the fluid of claim 1 and transferring heat between said fluid and said body.

11. The process of claim 10 comprising providing a fluid in accordance with claim 1 in a liquid phase and thereafter evaporating said liquid phase fluid by transferring heat from said body to said fluid.

12. The process of claim 11 comprising providing a fluid in accordance with claim 1 in a vapor phase and thereafter condensing said vapor phase fluid by transferring heat from said fluid to said body.

14. The improved heat transfer system of claim 12 wherein said one or more compounds of Formula I comprises trans-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze).

17. A sprayable composition comprising a material to be sprayed and a propellant comprising an azeotrope-like composition of claim 1.

18. A sprayable composition according to claim 17 wherein the sprayable composition is an aerosol.

19. A sprayable composition according to claim 17 wherein the sprayable material is a drug or a biologically active material.

20. A sprayable composition according to claim 19 wherein the sprayable material is a medicinal material such as anti-asthma and anti-halitosis medications

21. A composition of claim 1 wherein the composition is used as a blowing agent.

13. An improved heat transfer system comprising at least one heat transfer fluid and one or more vessels for evaporating and condensing the heat transfer fluid, the improvement characterized by said at least one heat transfer fluid being a non-flammable fluid consisting essentially of one or more compounds of Formula I XCF_zR_3-z (I), where X is a C₂ or a C₃ unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted, alkyl radical, each R is independently Cl, F, Br, I or H, and z is 1 to 3 and carbon dioxide (CO₂).

15. A heat transfer fluid comprising at least about 1 percent on a weight basis of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and trans-1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze) in an amount sufficient to provide a non-flammable fluid.

16. The fluid of claim 15 wherein said CO₂ is present in the fluid in an amount of at least about 5 percent on a weight basis and said HFO-1234ze is present in an amount not greater than about 90 percent on a weight basis.