Metal halide redox flow battery
First Claim
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1. A metal halide redox flow cell comprising:
- a negative half-cell having;
an electrolyte containing a two valency state metal redox couple and a positive half-cell having;
an electrolyte containing halide redox couple;
wherein the positive half-cell electrolyte also contains;
a halide of the said metal to provide substantial equilibrium of metal ion migration between the half cells.
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Abstract
A 3 M V(IV) bromide solution in 3-4 M HBr or HBr/HCl mixture is added to both sides of the redox flow cell or battery. On fully charging the cell, the vanadium (IV) bromide solution is reduced to produce 3M VBr2 in the negative half-cell, while the bromide ions in the positive half-cell are oxidised to produce 1.5 M Br3— or ClBr2. On discharge, the VBr2 is oxidised to VBr3 in the negative half cell while the Br3 or ClBr2— ions are reduced to Br ions in the positive half cell. The cell comprises carbon or graphite felt bonded onto plastic or conducting plastic sheets as substrate materials and the two half cells are separated by an anion or cation exchange membrane.
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Citations
51 Claims
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1. A metal halide redox flow cell comprising:
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a negative half-cell having;
an electrolyte containing a two valency state metal redox couple and a positive half-cell having;
an electrolyte containing halide redox couple;
wherein the positive half-cell electrolyte also contains;
a halide of the said metal to provide substantial equilibrium of metal ion migration between the half cells. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 46, 47)
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16. A method of producing a metal halide redox flow cell comprising a negative half-cell having an electrolyte containing a two-valency-state metal redox couple and a positive half-cell having an electrolyte containing halide redox couple and a halide of the said metal, the method consisting in the steps of:
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adding to both half cells;
a solution of a salt of a halide&
of the said metal anda supporting electrolyte comprising hydro-halic acid and/or a salt of one or more Group I metal halide(s) and charging the cell. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 48, 49, 50)
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- 36. An electrolyte solution for use in both half-cells of a vanadium bromide redox flow cell, the solution comprising 0.5 M to 5 M V(IV) bromide in a supporting electrolyte of HBr, NaBr, KBr or mixtures thereof.
- 38. A negative half-cell, electrolyte solution for a vanadium bromide redox flow cell, comprising 0.5 M to 5 M VBr2 and/or VBr3 in a supporting electrolyte of HBr, NaBr, KBr or mixtures thereof.
- 41. A discharged or partially charged positive half-cell electrolyte solution for vanadium bromide redox flow cell, comprising V(IV) and/or V(V) ions in a supporting electrolyte of HBr, NaBr, KBr or mixture thereof.
- 43. A method for producing an electrolyte for a vanadium bromide redox, comprising the steps of mixing of equimolar amounts of a V(III) compound with a V(V) compound in a solution of HBr, NaBr, KBr or mixtures thereof and stirring until fully dissolved.
Specification