System and method for treating process fluids delivered to an electrochemical cell stack

• US 20050252281A1
• Filed: 12/17/2004
• Published: 11/17/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 12/17/2003
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Greenlight Power Technologies Incorporated (Algonquin Power & Utilities Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Greenlight Power Technologies Incorporated (Algonquin Power & Utilities Corp.)
• Inventors: Piotrowski, Jacek P., Worsley, Ralph Stanley, Adam, Paul Kenneth, Lamont, Gordon John
• Application Number:
  US11/013,348
• Publication Number:
  US 20050252281A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 73/61.410
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2008/1095 Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0273 with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04007 related to heat exchange
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04067 Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04119 with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04164 by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04253 Means for solving freezing problems
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04708 of fuel cell reactants
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04835 of fuel cell reactants
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0687 Reactant purification by the use of membranes or filters
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells

Abstract

A system for treating process fluids delivered to an electrochemical cell stack is described. The system includes a treatment unit capable of treating and imparting a first range of temperatures to a process fluid that includes the freezing point of water. A filter removes ice particles larger than a particular size formed when the first temperature unit imparts a temperature to the process fluid low enough to cause ice particles to form.

Claims

1. A system for treating a process fluid delivered to an electrochemical cell stack, the system comprising

a first treatment unit capable of treating and imparting a first range of temperatures to a process fluid, said first range including a temperature below the freezing point of water;

a filter for removing ice particles larger than a particular size formed when the first treatment unit imparts a temperature to the process fluid low enough to cause said ice particles to form; and

at least one process fluid conduit for delivering the filtered process fluid to the cell stack.

2. The system of claim 1, further comprising an electrochemical cell stack coupled to the first treatment unit via the at least one process fluid conduit.

3. The system of claim 1, further comprising a process fluid source for supplying the process fluid to the first treatment unit.

4. The system of claim 1, further comprising a second treatment unit downstream of the filter capable of imparting a second range of temperatures to the process fluid.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the second treatment unit raises the temperature of the process fluid.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the second treatment unit raises the temperature of the process fluid by about five to thirty degrees Celsius.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the first treatment unit includes

a heating and cooling module for heating and cooling the process fluid;

a chiller device through which a first heat exchange fluid passes for removing heat from the heating and cooling module; and

a flow control valve between the heating and cooling module and the chiller device for regulating the flow of the first heat exchange fluid therebetween.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the heating and cooling module includes

a first heat exchanger for transferring heat to the first heat exchange fluid;

a second heat exchanger coupled to the process fluid for exchanging heat therebetween;

a heater for heating a second heat exchange fluid flowing through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger;

a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the second heat exchange fluid;

a pump for pumping the second heat exchange fluid; and

a temperature control unit for controlling the temperature of the second heat exchange fluid.

9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a pressure unit for establishing a pressure within a particular pressure range.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the pressure unit includes a back pressure regulation valve.

11. The system of claim 9, wherein the pressure unit is downstream of the filter.

12. The system of claim 9, wherein the pressure unit is upstream of the first treatment unit.

13. A system for treating process fluids for delivery to a plurality of electrochemical cell stacks, the system comprising

a plurality of heating and cooling modules, each one capable of independently setting a temperature of a process fluid therein;

a plurality of filters, each one associated with one respective heating and cooling module and each one functioning to remove ice particles formed when the associated heating and cooling module imparts a temperature to the process fluid low enough to cause said ice particles to form;

a plurality of process fluid conduits, each one, in use, transporting filtered process fluid from one of the filters to an associated electrochemical cell stack; and

only one chiller device for removing heat from the plurality of heating and cooling modules.

14. The system of claim 13, in combination with a plurality of fuel cell test stations, wherein each of the fuel cell test stations includes one of the heating and cooling modules, one of the filters and one of the process fluid conduits and wherein the common chiller device is connected the plurality of fuel cell test stations and the heating and cooling modules included therein.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the chiller device includes a heat exchange fluid that circulates through the chiller device and each heating and cooling module.

16. The system of claim 15, further comprising a plurality of flow control valves for regulating the circulation of heat exchange fluid through the chiller device and the heating and cooling modules.

17. The system of claim 15, wherein each heating and cooling module includes

a first heat exchanger for transferring heat to the first heat exchange fluid transported to the chiller device;

a second heat exchanger coupled to the process fluid for exchanging heat therebetween;

a heater for heating a second heat exchange fluid circulating through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger;

a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the second heat exchange fluid;

a pump for pumping the second heat exchange fluid; and

a temperature control unit for controlling the temperature of the second heat exchange fluid.

18. The system of claim 14, further comprising a plurality of pressure units, each one disposed between the respective filter and, in use, the electrochemical cell stack, for establishing pressure of the process fluids.

19. The system of claim 18, wherein each pressure unit includes a back pressure regulation valve.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein each pressure unit is upstream of the respective heating and cooling module.

21. A test station for testing an electrochemical cell stack, the test station comprising

a first treatment unit capable of treating and imparting a first range of temperatures to a process fluid, said first range including a temperature below the freezing point of water;

a filter for removing ice particles larger than a particular size formed when the first treatment unit imparts a temperature to the process fluid low enough to cause said ice particles to form; and

at least one process fluid conduit for delivering the filtered process fluid to the cell stack.

22. The test station of claim 21, further comprising a process fluid source for supplying the process fluid to the first treatment unit.

23. The test station of claim 21, further comprising a second treatment unit downstream of the filter capable of imparting a second range of temperatures to the process fluid.

24. The test station of claim 23, wherein the second treatment unit raises the temperature of the process fluid.

25. The test station of claim 24, wherein the second treatment unit raises the temperature of the process fluid by about five to thirty degrees Celsius.

26. The test station of claim 21, wherein the first treatment unit includes

a heating and cooling module for heating and cooling the process fluid;

a chiller device through which a first heat exchange fluid passes for removing heat from the heating and cooling module; and

a flow control valve between the heating and cooling module and the chiller device for regulating the flow of the first heat exchange fluid therebetween.

27. A method of treating a process fluid, to be delivered to an electrochemical cell stack, the method comprising:

cooling the fluid to a temperature below the freezing point of water;

filtering out any ice particles that have formed due to the cooling step; and

delivering the process fluid to the electrochemical cell stack.