Methods and apparatus for using formation property data

• US 20050257960A1
• Filed: 05/23/2005
• Published: 11/24/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 05/21/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services Incorporated (Halliburton Company)
• Original Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services Incorporated (Halliburton Company)
• Inventors: Stone, James E., Proett, Mark A., McGregor, Malcolm Douglas, Gilbert, Gregory N., Beique, Jean Michel, Fogal, James M., Hendricks, William Edward, Maranuk, Christopher Anthony, Simeonov, Svetozar, Gray, Glenn C.
• Granted Patent: US 7,261,168 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 175/24
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 49/10 using side-wall fluid samplers or testers

Abstract

This application relates to various methods and apparatus for rapidly obtaining accurate formation property data from a drilled earthen borehole. Once obtained, the formation property data, including formation fluid pressure, may be corrected, calibrated and supplemented using various other data and techniques disclosed herein. Furthermore, the formation property data may be used for numerous other purposes. For example, the data may be used to correct or supplement other information gathered from the borehole; it may be used to supplement formation images or models; or, it may be used to adjust a drilling or producing parameter. Various other uses of accurately and quickly obtained formation property data are also disclosed.

Claims

1. A method of using a formation property, the method comprising:

disposing a bottom hole assembly adjacent the distal end of a drill string, the bottom hole assembly having;

a drill bit; and

a formation tester tool having an extendable probe and a first sensor;

drilling a borehole to a first depth;

extending the probe to engage a formation;

measuring a formation property; and

adjusting a downhole parameter if the formation property differs from a known value.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the formation property comprises at least one of a mudcake property, a formation material property, and a formation fluid pressure.

3. The method of claim 2 further comprising:

recording a plurality of probe engagement force values and probe displacement values; and

calculating at least one of a compressive strength and a compressive modulus.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the downhole parameter comprises at least one of a rate at which a drilling fluid is pumped, a property of the drilling fluid, a borehole casing requirement, a drill bit penetration rate, and a downhole pressure.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the formation property comprises a formation fluid pressure, and adjusting a downhole parameter comprises manipulating a mechanical restrictor at a surface of the borehole if the formation fluid pressure differs from a known value.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the drilling a borehole comprises drilling an inclined borehole to a first depth, the borehole having a high side and a low side, the method further comprising:

orienting the extendable probe toward a predetermined location;

communicating a fluid from adjacent the predetermined location to the first sensor;

measuring a pressure of the fluid;

calculating a density value of the fluid; and

wherein adjusting a downhole parameter comprises adjusting a drilling parameter if the density value differs from a known value.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein the fluid is selected from the group consisting of annulus fluid and formation fluid.

8. The method of claim 6 wherein the drilling parameter comprises a drilling fluid property.

9. The method of claim 6 wherein the known value comprises at least one of an equivalent drilling fluid density, an equivalent circulating density, and an equivalent formation fluid density.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein the predetermined location is the low side of the borehole, and adjusting a drilling parameter further comprises adjusting at least one of the densities if the calculated density value is greater than the at least one density.

11. The method of claim 9 wherein the predetermined location is the high side of the borehole, and adjusting a drilling parameter further comprises adjusting at least one of the densities if the calculated density value is less than the at least one density.

12. The method of claim 1 wherein:

the formation property comprises a bubble point value of a formation fluid; and

the downhole parameter comprises a drilling direction of the bottom hole assembly.

13. The method of claim 12 further comprising:

measuring a second bubble point value at a second depth; and

calculating a bubble point gradient.

14. A method of using a formation property, the method comprising:

disposing a bottom hole assembly adjacent the distal end of a drill string, the bottom hole assembly having;

a drill bit; and

a formation tester tool having a first sensor;

drilling a borehole to a first depth;

measuring a formation property;

communicating the formation property to a known data set during drilling of the borehole; and

adjusting the known data set in response to the formation property during drilling of the borehole.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein the formation property comprises a formation fluid pressure.

16. The method of claim 14 wherein the known data set comprises at least one of a formation model, pressure measurements while drilling, sonic measurements, acoustic measurements, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging measurements, resistivity measurements, density measurements and porosity measurements.

17. The method of claim 14 further comprising:

measuring a plurality of formation properties at a plurality of depths in the borehole;

continually communicating each of the plurality of formation properties after each property is measured; and

continually adjusting the known data set after each property is communicated.

18. The method of claim 14 wherein the formation property comprises a fluid pressure and the known data set comprises a fluid resistivity data set, and further comprising predicting a water saturation level at a second depth below the first depth.

19. A method of using a formation property, the method comprising:

disposing a drill collar in a borehole at a first depth, the drill collar comprising a formation tester tool, a formation probe assembly, and a first sensor;

measuring a first formation property at a first location at the first depth;

measuring a second formation property at a second location at the first depth; and

manipulating the first and second formation properties to obtain downhole information.

20. The method of claim 19 wherein manipulating the first and second formation properties comprises calculating a formation anisotropy.

21. The method of claim 20 further comprising:

measuring a third formation property; and

correlating the third formation property and the formation anisotropy by inputting the values into a formation model.

22. The method of claim 19 wherein the first formation property is an annulus fluid pressure and the second formation property is a formation fluid pressure, and manipulating the fluid pressures comprises calculating a difference value between the pressures, the method further comprising:

sending a warning if the difference value is different from a known value.