Automated pediatric defibrillator

• US 20050267536A1
• Filed: 04/12/2005
• Published: 12/01/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 04/12/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Zoll Medical Corporation (Asahi Kasei Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Zoll Medical Corporation (Asahi Kasei Corporation)
• Inventors: Parascandola, Michael, Freeman, Gary A., Geheb, Frederick J., Elghazzawi, Ziad F.
• Granted Patent: US 8,738,130 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 607/5
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4836 Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods A61B5/0036 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/046 Specially adapted for shock therapy, e.g. defibrillation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0492 Patch electrodes A61N1/0412, A61N1/0428 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/39044 in combination with cardiopulmonary resuscitation [CPR] therapy
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3906 characterised by the form of the shockwave
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3918 characterised by shock pathway, e.g. by electrode configuration
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3925 Monitoring; Protecting
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3968 Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings A61N1/375 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3993 User interfaces for automatic external defibrillators

Abstract

A device for assisting a rescuer in delivering therapy to an adult or pediatric patient, the device including a user interface comprising a display and/or audio speakers, the user interface being configured to deliver prompts to a rescuer to assist the rescuer in delivering therapy to a patient; a processor configured to provide prompts to the user interface and to perform an ECG analysis algorithm on ECG information detected from the patient; at least one detection element configured to determine without rescuer input via the user interface that a pediatric patient is being treated; wherein, if a pediatric patient is detected, the processor modifies the ECG analysis algorithm or the prompts provided to the user interface to use an ECG analysis algorithm or prompts adapted for a pediatric patient rather than for an adult patient.

Claims

1. A device for assisting a rescuer in delivering therapy to an adult or pediatric patient, the device comprising

a user interface comprising a display and/or audio speakers, the user interface being configured to deliver prompts to a rescuer to assist the rescuer in delivering therapy to a patient;

a processor configured to provide prompts to the user interface and to perform an ECG analysis algorithm on ECG information detected from the patient;

at least one detection element configured to determine without rescuer input via the user interface that a pediatric patient is being treated;

wherein if a pediatric patient is detected, the processor modifies the ECG analysis algorithm to use an ECG analysis algorithm configured for a pediatric patient rather than for an adult patient.

4. The device of claim 1, 2, or 3 further comprising an automatic external defibrillator for delivering defibrillation shocks to the patient using defibrillation electrodes applied to the patient.

8. The device of claim 4 wherein the detection element comprises circuitry for detecting whether a pediatric or an adult defibrillation electrode is in use.

9. The device of claim 4 wherein the detection element comprises a force or pressure sensor located on a shoulder support element for sensing force or pressure from the weight of the patient.

10. The device of claim 9 wherein the energy of defibrillation shocks is determined based in part on information as to the patient'"'"'s weight obtained from the force or pressure sensor on the shoulder support.

11. The device of claim 9 wherein the shoulder support element comprises a removable cover of the device.

12. The device of claim 4 wherein the detection element comprises one or more sensors for determining from the separation of defibrillation electrodes placed on the patient whether the patient is a pediatric or adult patient.

25. The device of claim 1 wherein modifications to the ECG analysis algorithm include one or more of the following:

heart rate criteria, QRS width criteria, VF frequency content criteria, or ECG amplitude criteria.

26. The device of claim 1 wherein modifications to the prompts include changing a sequence of prompts, a number of prompts, or a type of prompts.

34. The device of claim 9 wherein the information from sensors in the shoulder support element is communicated to the defibrillator by one or more of the following techniques:

by a wire extending from the support to the defibrillator, or by a wireless communication connection between the support and the defibrillator.

2. A device for assisting a rescuer in delivering therapy to an adult or pediatric patient, the device comprising

a user interface comprising a display and/or audio speakers, the user interface being configured to deliver prompts to a rescuer to assist the rescuer in delivering therapy to a patient;

a processor configured to provide prompts to the user interface and to perform an ECG analysis algorithm on ECG information detected from the patient;

at least one detection element configured to determine without rescuer input via the user interface that a pediatric patient is being treated;

wherein if a pediatric patient is detected, the processor modifies the prompts provided to the user interface to use prompts adapted for a pediatric patient rather than for an adult patient.

5. The device of claim 2 or 3 wherein the prompts provided via the user interface comprise prompts as to CPR chest compression, and the CPR chest compression prompts are changed from an adult set of prompts to a pediatric set of prompts if a pediatric patient is detected.

6. The device of claim 5 wherein the pediatric set of prompts addresses depth and rate of CPR chest compressions.

7. The device of claim 5 further comprising one or more sensors for measuring the rate and depth of CPR related chest compressions.

27. The device of claim 5 wherein the prompts include prompts on CPR compression and CPR ventilation, and the compression-ventilation ratio is about 5:

1 for pediatric patients and about 15;

2 for adult patients.

28. The device of claim 5 wherein the prompts include prompts on CPR compression depth, and the desired compression depth for pediatric patients is in the range of about 1.0 to 1.5 inches, and the desired compression depth for adult patients is in the range of about 1.0 to 2.0 inches.

29. The device of claim 5 wherein the prompts include a prompt informing the rescuer as to whether the device is operating in an adult or pediatric mode.

30. The device of claim 5 wherein the prompts include prompting of the CPR interval T1 based on one or more of patient rhythm, age, or weight.

31. The device of claim 5 further comprising one or more sensors and prompts for detecting and prompting the user to achieve a complete chest release during CPR.

32. The device of claim 5 wherein the prompts include pediatric specific prompts for the compression rate R1.

33. The device of claim 5 wherein the prompts include adult specific prompts for the compression rate R1.

3. A device for assisting a rescuer in delivering therapy to an adult or pediatric patient, the device comprising

a user interface comprising a display and/or audio speakers, the user interface being configured to deliver prompts to a rescuer to assist the rescuer in delivering therapy to a patient;

a processor configured to provide prompts to the user interface and to perform an ECG analysis algorithm on ECG information detected from the patient;

at least one detection element configured to determine without rescuer input via the user interface that a pediatric patient is being treated;

wherein if a pediatric patient is detected, the processor modifies the CPR protocol that governs CPR prompts provided to the user interface to use CPR prompts adapted for a pediatric patient rather than for an adult patient.

13. An external defibrillation device for assisting a rescuer in delivering defibrillation therapy to an adult or pediatric patient, the device comprising

a user interface comprising a display or audio speakers, the user interface being configured to deliver prompts to a rescuer to assist the rescuer in delivering therapy to a patient;

a processor configured to provide prompts to the user interface and to perform an ECG analysis algorithm on ECG information detected from the patient;

a force or pressure sensor for detecting information pertaining to the weight of the patient;

wherein the processor modifies the defibrillation energy delivered to the patient based on the information pertaining to the weight of the patient.

14. The device of claim 13 wherein the processor modifies the ECG analysis algorithm based on the information pertaining to the weight of the patient.

15. The device of claim 13 wherein the force or pressure sensor is incorporated into a shoulder support that is placed under the shoulders of the patient.

16. The device of claim 13 wherein the shoulder support is a cover for the defibrillator.

17. The device of claim 16 wherein the cover has an upper surface that is inclined at an angle that makes it suitable to be used to properly position the patient'"'"'s airway by lifting the patient'"'"'s shoulders to cause the patient'"'"'s head to tilt back at an angle.

18. The device of claim 16 wherein the cover is configured to be positioned under a patient'"'"'s neck and shoulders to support the patient'"'"'s shoulders and neck in a way that helps to maintain the patient'"'"'s airway in an open position.

19. The device of claim 15 or 16 wherein the information from sensors in the shoulder support element is communicated to the defibrillator by one or more of the following techniques:

by a wire extending from the support to the defibrillator, or by a wireless communication connection between the support and the defibrillator.

20. An external defibrillation device for assisting a rescuer in delivering defibrillation therapy to an adult or pediatric patient, the device comprising

a user interface comprising a display or audio speakers, the user interface being configured to deliver prompts to a rescuer to assist the rescuer in delivering therapy to a patient;

a processor configured to provide prompts to the user interface and to perform an ECG analysis algorithm on ECG information detected from the patient;

a shoulder support element for placement under the shoulders of the patient to assist in keeping the airway open;

sensors in the shoulder support element for determining if the patient'"'"'s shoulders have been properly positioned on the element.

21. The device of claim 20 wherein the shoulder support element comprises a cover for the device.

22. An external defibrillation device for assisting a rescuer in delivering defibrillation therapy to an adult or pediatric patient, the device comprising

a user interface comprising a display or audio speakers, the user interface being configured to deliver prompts to a rescuer to assist the rescuer in delivering therapy to a patient;

a processor configured to provide prompts to the user interface and to perform an ECG analysis algorithm on ECG information detected from the patient;

defibrillation electrodes for placement on the chest of the patient;

one or more sensors located in one or both of the defibrillation electrodes, the sensors being configured to determine a distance between the electrodes after they are placed on the patient'"'"'s chest;

wherein the processor can determine information pertaining to the size of the patient from the distance determined from the one or more sensors, and

wherein the processor can vary the prompts, or the ECG analysis algorithm, or the energy delivered to the patient based on the information pertaining to the size of the patient.

23. The device of claim 22 wherein the processor estimates the circumferential girth of the patient from the information obtained from the sensors.

24. The device of claim 22 wherein the processor estimates the age of the patient from the information obtained from the sensors.