System and method for medical communication device and communication protocol for same

• US 20050267550A1
• Filed: 05/28/2004
• Published: 12/01/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 05/28/2004
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Minimed Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Minimed Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Chong, Colin, Mounce, Ronnie Paul, Choy, David Y., Hess, Phillip
• Application Number:
  US10/857,579
• Publication Number:
  US 20050267550A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 607/60
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37217 characterised by the communication link, e.g. acoustic or tactile
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37223 Circuits for electromagnetic coupling
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37229 Shape or location of the implanted or external antenna
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/22 by structural association with other equipment or articles
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/28 Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems multiple beam H01Q25/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 7/06 with core of ferromagnetic material H01Q7/02 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/0012 using capacitive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/0037 for power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/0081 with antenna coils loop aerials H01Q7/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/22 Capacitive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/26 using coils
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/79 for data transfer in combination with power transfer

Abstract

A medical communication device and communication protocols. The medical device may include communication circuitry and a plurality of antennas connected to the communication circuitry. The plurality of antennas may be disposed in the medical device such that the medical device communicates in a plurality of directions. The medical device may communicate with an implantable device implanted with a patient. A protocol for communicating with the implantable device may include monitoring a first antenna in the medical device during a first time slot for a transmitted signal; monitoring a second antenna in the medical device during a second time slot for the transmitted signal after monitoring for the transmitted signal on the first antenna; and generating an acknowledgement when a signal is detected on the first antenna, second antenna or third antenna. The device may be powered by a secondary power supply during communication.

Claims

1. A medical device comprising:

communication circuitry configured to process data transmitted to or received from an implantable device; and

a plurality of antennas connected to the communication circuitry,

wherein the plurality of antennas are disposed in the medical device such that they communicate in a plurality of directions.

2. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of antennas are disposed at specified angles in specified planes relative to each other.

3. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of antennas communicate with the implantable device via magnetic coupling.

4. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of antennas communicate with the implantable device using a wavelength in the kilometer range.

5. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of antennas communicate with the implantable device using a frequency in the kilohertz range.

6. The medical device of claim 5, wherein the frequency used by the plurality of antennas to communicate with the implantable device is about 131 kilohertz.

7. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of antennas includes a first antenna and a second antenna.

8. The medical device of claim 7, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are disposed substantially perpendicularly to one another.

9. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of antennas includes a first antenna, a second antenna and a third antenna.

10. The medical device of claim 9, wherein the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are disposed substantially perpendicularly to one another.

11. The medical device of claim 9, wherein the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are disposed such that the medical device communicates in three dimensions.

12. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of antennas are configured as a plurality of inductors.

13. The medical device of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of amplifiers connected to the plurality of antennas for driving the antennas.

14. The medical device of claim 13, wherein the plurality of amplifiers include enabling and disabling circuitry.

15. The medical device of claim 14, wherein the enabling and disabling circuitry includes tri-state circuitry.

16. The medical device of claim 13, wherein the plurality of amplifiers are configured to drive only one antenna of the plurality of antennas at a time.

17. The medical device of claim 13, wherein the communication circuitry is configured to select at least one amplifier among the plurality of amplifiers to drive at least one antenna among the plurality of antennas.

18. The medical device of claim 13, wherein the plurality of amplifiers are linear amplifiers.

19. The medical device of claim 13, wherein the plurality of amplifiers are logic buffers.

20. The medical device of claim 12, further comprising a plurality of capacitors for tuning the plurality of inductors.

21. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the implantable device is disposed internally in a patient.

22. The medical device of claim 13, wherein the communication circuitry is configured to enable the plurality of amplifiers to consecutively select each antenna among the plurality of antennas until a strong signal is detected on at least one antenna of the plurality of antennas.

23. The medical device of claim 13, wherein the communication circuitry is configured to enable the plurality of amplifiers to consecutively select each antenna among the plurality of antennas for transmission of a signal until an acknowledgement is received indicating transmission has been successful.

24. The medical device of claim 23, wherein the communication circuitry is configured to enable the plurality of amplifiers to select the at least one antenna of the plurality of antennas as a first antenna for transmission or reception of a subsequent signal following detection of the strong signal.

25. The medical device of claim 9, the communication circuitry is configured to:

select the first antenna during a first time slot;

select a second antenna during a second time slot subsequent to the first time slot; and

select a third antenna during a third time slot subsequent to the first time slot and the second time slot.

26. A medical device system comprising:

an implantable unit for implanting into a patient;

an external unit for communicating with the implantable unit; and

a plurality of antennas disposed in the external unit such that the plurality of antennas communicate in a plurality of directions.

27. The medical device system of claim 26, wherein the plurality of antennas are disposed at specified angles in specified planes relative to each other.

28. The medical device system of claim 26, wherein the plurality of antennas communicate with the implantable unit via magnetic coupling.

29. The medical device system of claim 26, wherein the plurality of antennas communicate with the implantable unit using a wavelength in the kilometer range.

30. The medical device system of claim 26, wherein the plurality of antennas communicate with the implantable unit using a frequency in the kilohertz range.

31. The medical device system of claim 26, wherein the frequency used by the plurality of antennas to communicate with the implantable unit is about 131 kilohertz.

32. The medical device system of claim 26, wherein the plurality of antennas includes a first antenna and a second antenna.

33. The medical device system of claim 32, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are disposed in the external unit substantially perpendicularly to one another.

34. The medical device system of claim 26, wherein the plurality of antennas includes a first antenna, a second antenna and a third antenna.

35. The medical device system of claim 34, wherein the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are disposed in the external unit substantially perpendicularly to one another.

36. The medical device system of claim 34, wherein the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are disposed in the external unit such that the external unit communicates with the implantable unit in three dimensions.

37. The medical device system of claim 26, wherein the plurality of antennas are configured as a plurality of inductors.

38. The medical device system of claim 26, further comprising a plurality of amplifiers connected to the plurality of antennas for driving the antennas.

39. The medical device system of claim 38, wherein the plurality of amplifiers include enabling and disabling circuitry.

40. The medical device system of claim 39, wherein the enabling and disabling circuitry includes tri-state circuitry.

41. The medical device system of claim 38, wherein the plurality of amplifiers are configured to drive only one antenna of the plurality of antennas at a time.

42. The medical device system of claim 38, further comprising circuitry disposed in the external unit configured to select at least one amplifier among the plurality of amplifiers to drive at least one antenna among the plurality of antennas.

43. The medical device system of claim 38, wherein the plurality of amplifiers are linear amplifiers.

44. The medical device system of claim 38, wherein the plurality of amplifiers are logic buffers.

45. The medical device system of claim 37, further comprising a plurality of capacitors for tuning the plurality of inductors.

46. The medical device system of claim 26, wherein the implantable unit is disposed internally in a patient.

47. The medical device system of claim 42, wherein the circuitry is configured to enable the plurality of amplifiers to consecutively select each antenna among the plurality of antennas until a strong signal is detected on the at least one antenna of the plurality of antennas.

48. The medical device system of claim 42, wherein the circuitry is configured to enable the plurality of amplifiers to consecutively select each antenna among the plurality of antennas for transmission of a signal until an acknowledgement is received indicating transmission has been successful.

49. The medical device system of claim 47, wherein the circuitry is configured to enable the plurality of amplifiers to select the at least one antenna of the plurality of antennas as a first antenna for transmission or reception of a subsequent signal following detection of the strong signal.

59. The method of claim 27, further comprising monitoring a third antenna in the medical device during a third time slot for the first transmitted signal after monitoring for the first transmitted signal on the first antenna and the second antenna;

and

generating an acknowledgement when a signal is detected on the third antenna.

60. The method of claim 59, further comprising continuing to monitor the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna during the first time slot, the second time slot and the third time slot, respectively, until the first transmitted signal is detected.

63. The method of claim 59, wherein the first time slot, the second time slot and the third time slot occur at two-second intervals.

64. The method of claim 59, wherein the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are disposed in the medical device substantially perpendicularly to one another.

50. A method of communication in a medical device comprising:

providing communication circuitry in the medical device, the communication circuitry being configured to process data transmitted to or received from an implantable device;

disposing a plurality of antennas in the medical device;

connecting the plurality of antennas to the communication circuitry; and

communicating using the medical device,

wherein the plurality of antennas are disposed in the medical device such that they communicate in a plurality of directions.

51. The method of communication of claim 50, wherein communicating using the medical device includes communicating with an implantable device.

52. The method of communication of claim 51, wherein the implantable device is implanted in a patient.

53. The method of communication of claim 50, wherein communicating using the medical device includes communicating via magnetic coupling.

54. The method of communication of claim 50, wherein communicating using the medical device includes communicating using a frequency in the kilohertz range.

55. The method of communication of claim 50, wherein disposing a plurality of antennas in the medical device includes disposing two antennas.

56. The method of communication of claim 50, wherein disposing a plurality of antennas in the medical device includes disposing three antennas.

89. The system of claim 50, wherein the second power supply is a battery.

57. A medical device comprising:

communication circuitry means provided in the medical device, the communication circuitry being configured to process data transmitted to or received from an implantable device;

a plurality of antennas means disposed in the medical device and coupled to the communication circuitry; and

means for communicating using the medical device,

wherein the plurality of antennas are disposed in the medical device such that they communicate in a plurality of directions

58. A method of communication for a medical device comprising:

monitoring a first antenna in the medical device during a first time slot for a first transmitted signal;

monitoring a second antenna in the medical device during a second time slot for the first transmitted signal after monitoring for the first transmitted signal on the first antenna; and

generating an acknowledgement when a signal is detected on the first antenna or the second antenna.

61. The method of claim 58, further comprising designating an antenna on which the first transmitted signal has been detected as a default antenna for subsequent monitoring.

62. The method of claim 58, further comprising receiving a second signal indicating that the acknowledgment was received.

65. A method of communication for a medical device comprising:

transmitting a first signal from a first unit in the medical device;

monitoring a first antenna in a second unit of the medical device during a first time slot for an acknowledgement that the first signal was received; and

monitoring a second antenna in the second unit of the medical device during a second time slot for an acknowledgement that the first signal was received.

66. The method of claim 65, further comprising monitoring a third antenna in the second unit of the medical device during a third time slot for an acknowledgement that the first signal was received.

67. The method of claim 65, further comprising receiving a signal indicating that the acknowledgment was received.

68. The method of claim 66, wherein the first time slot, the second time slot and the third time slot occur at two-second intervals.

69. The method of claim 66, wherein the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are disposed in the medical device substantially perpendicularly to one another.

70. The method of claim 65, wherein the first unit is an implantable unit and the second unit is an external unit.

71. A method of communication for a medical device comprising:

monitoring a first antenna in a first unit of the medical device during a first time slot for a first signal;

monitoring a second antenna in the first unit of the medical device during a second time slot for the first signal after monitoring for the first signal on the first antenna; and

transmitting a request signal from the first unit of the medical device to a second unit of the medical device when the first signal has been detected;

generating an acknowledgement when the first signal is detected on the first antenna or the second antenna.

72. The method of claim 71, further comprising monitoring a third antenna in the first unit of the medical device during a third time slot for the first signal after monitoring for the first signal on the first antenna and the second antenna;

and

generating an acknowledgement when the first signal is detected on the third antenna.

73. The method of claim 72, further comprising designating an antenna on which the first signal has been detected as a default antenna for subsequent monitoring.

74. The method of claim 72, wherein the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are disposed in the medical device substantially perpendicular to one another.

75. A method for supplying power to a circuit comprising:

providing a first power supply for supplying primary power to the circuit;

providing a second power supply for supplying secondary power to the circuit;

supplying the circuit with primary power during a non-communication process performed by the circuit;

temporarily disabling the first power supply during a communication process performed by the circuit; and

supplying the circuit with secondary power during the communication process.

76. The method for supplying power of claim 75, wherein an amount of noise introduced into the circuit by the second power supply is less than an amount of noise introduced into the circuit by the first power supply.

77. The method for supplying power of claim 75, wherein the first power supply is a switching regulator.

78. The method for supplying power of claim 75, wherein the second power supply is a battery.

79. The method for supplying power of claim 75, wherein the second power supply is a capacitor.

80. The method for supplying power of claim 79, wherein the capacitor is a double layer capacitor.

81. The method for supplying power of claim 75, wherein the first power supply charges the second power supply.

82. The method for supplying power of claim 75, wherein supplying the circuit with secondary power during the communication process includes temporarily powering the circuit with secondary power when the circuit is receiving a transmission.

83. The method for supplying power of claim 75, wherein supplying the circuit with secondary power during the communication process includes temporarily powering the circuit with secondary power when the circuit is sending a transmission.

84. A system for supplying power to a circuit comprising:

a first power supply for supplying primary power to the circuit; and

a second power supply for supplying secondary power to the circuit,

wherein the first power supply supplies the circuit with primary power during a non-communication process performed by the circuit, and

wherein the second power supply supplies the circuit with secondary power during the communication process.

85. The system of claim 84, wherein the first power supply charges the second power supply.

86. The system of claim 84, wherein the first power supply is a switching regulator.

87. The system of claim 84, wherein the second power supply is a capacitor.

88. The system of claim 87, wherein the capacitor is a double layer capacitor.

90. The system of claim 84, wherein an amount of noise introduced into the circuit by the second power supply is less than an amount of noise introduced into the circuit by the first power supply.

91. The system of claim 84, wherein the communication process is a transmission.

92. The system of claim 84, wherein the communication process is a reception.

93. The system of claim 84, wherein the first power supply is a switching regulator and the second power supply is a capacitor.

94. A method of affixing a transducer to a device comprising:

providing at least one pin fixedly attached to the device;

disposing the transducer on the device adjacent the at least one pin; and

melting at least a portion of the at least one pin,

wherein the at least one pin is melted such that at least a portion of the at least one pin after melting overlaps a portion of the transducer to clasp a portion of the transducer.

95. The method of claim 94, wherein providing at least one pin includes providing a plastic pin.

96. The method of claim 94, wherein providing at least one pin includes providing a metal pin.

97. The method of claim 94, wherein melting the at least one pin includes melting with heat.

98. The method of claim 94, wherein melting the at least one pin includes melting with ultrasonics.

99. The method of claim 94, wherein melting the at least one pin includes melting with friction.

100. The method of claim 94, wherein melting the at least one pin includes melting with vibrations.

101. The method of claim 94, further comprising forming a chamber when the transducer is disposed on the device.

102. The method of claim 101, wherein the chamber is an acoustic chamber.

103. A system for affixing a transducer onto a device comprising:

means for providing at least one pin fixedly attached to the device;

means for disposing the transducer on the device adjacent the at least one pin; and

means for melting the at least one pin,

wherein the at least one pin is melted such that at least a portion of the at least one pin after melting overlaps a portion of the transducer to clasp a portion of the transducer.

104. The system of claim 103, wherein the at least one pin is plastic.

105. The system of claim 103, wherein the at least one pin is metal.

106. The system of claim 103, wherein the means for melting the at least one pin is a heat means.

107. The system of claim 103, wherein the means for melting the at least one pin is an ultrasonics means.

108. The system of claim 103, wherein the means for melting the at least one pin is a friction means.

109. The system of claim 103, wherein the means for melting the at least one pin is a vibration means.

110. The system of claim 103, wherein the transducer is disposed on the device such that it forms a chamber with the device.

111. The system of claim 110, wherein the chamber is an acoustic chamber.

112. A medical device comprising:

communication circuitry configured to process data transmitted to or received from an implantable device;

a plurality of antennas connected to the communication circuitry;

at least one pin fixedly attached to the medical device; and

a transducer disposed on the medical device adjacent the at least one pin,

wherein the plurality of antennas are disposed in the medical device such that they communicate in a plurality of directions, and

wherein the at least one pin is melted such that at least a portion of the at least one pin after melting overlaps a portion of the transducer to clasp a portion of the transducer.

113. The medical device of claim 112, wherein the plurality of antennas are disposed at specified angles in specified planes relative to each other.

114. The medical device of claim 112, wherein the plurality of antennas communicate with the implantable device via magnetic coupling.

115. The medical device of claim 112, wherein the plurality of antennas communicate with the implantable device using a wavelength in the kilometer range.

116. The medical device of claim 112, wherein the plurality of antennas communicate with the implantable device using a frequency in the kilohertz range.

117. The medical device of claim 116, wherein the frequency used by the plurality of antennas to communicate with the implantable device is about 131 kilohertz.

118. The medical device of claim 112, wherein the plurality of antennas includes a first antenna, a second antenna and a third antenna.

119. The medical device of claim 118, wherein the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are disposed substantially perpendicularly to one another.

120. The medical device of claim 118, wherein the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are disposed such that the medical device communicates in three dimensions.

121. The medical device of claim 112, wherein the plurality of antennas are configured as a plurality of inductors.

122. The medical device of claim 112, wherein the implantable device is disposed internally in a patient.