Systems and methods of geographical text indexing

• US 20050278378A1
• Filed: 05/19/2005
• Published: 12/15/2005
• Est. Priority Date: 05/19/2004
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Metacarta, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Metacarta, Inc.
• Inventors: Frank, John R.
• Application Number:
  US11/133,138
• Publication Number:
  US 20050278378A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/313 Selection or weighting of terms for indexing
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/38 Retrieval characterised by using metadata, e.g. metadata not derived from the content or metadata generated manually
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/9537 Spatial or temporal dependent retrieval, e.g. spatiotemporal queries

Abstract

A method of processing a document, the method involving: identifying a plurality of one or more geospatial references within the document; and for each identified geospatial reference of the plurality of geospatial references: (1) associating a geographical location with the identified geospatial reference, the geographical location being represented by a set of coordinates of a selected coordinate system; (2) generating a geographical text string that encodes the geographical location, wherein generating involves the geographical text string may involve interleaving the coordinates to form a hierarchical representation; and (3) associating the geographic text string with the identified geospatial reference.

Claims

1. A method of processing a document, the method comprising:

identifying a plurality of one or more geospatial references within the document; and

for each identified geospatial reference of the plurality of geospatial references;

associating a geographical location with the identified geospatial reference, the geographical location being represented by a set of coordinates of a selected coordinate system;

generating a hierarchical coordinate representation of the set of coordinates;

generating a geographic text string based on the hierarchical coordinate representation, wherein the geographic text string can be retrieved by a query posed in a generic query style; and

associating the geographic text string with the identified geospatial reference.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the generic query style is a trailing wildcard query.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the generic query style is a phrase search query.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the generic query style is a string match query

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected coordinate system is non-hierarchical, and generating a hierarchical coordinate representation involves interleaving the coordinates of the set of coordinates.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the selected coordinate system comprises latitude and longitude coordinates.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the selected coordinate system is a quarternary triangular mesh, coordinate system.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein associating the geographic text string with the identified geospatial reference comprises inserting that geographic text string into the document at the location of the corresponding geospatial reference.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein associating the geographic text string with the identified geospatial reference comprises placing that geographic text string into a standoff metadata data structure that identifies the geospatial reference with which that geographical text string is associated in the document.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein for each identified geospatial reference of the plurality of geospatial references also determining a confidence level for the associated geographical location and wherein encoding the geographical location as a geographic text string involves encoding both the geographical location and the confidence level into the geographic text string.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein generating the geographic text string involves representing the confidence level within the text string as a corresponding bin of a plurality of bins, each of said plurality of bins representing a different range of confidence levels.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the geographic text string involves adding a sequence of characters that identify a portion of text in the vicinity of the geospatial reference.

13. A method of processing a document, said method comprising:

identifying a plurality of one or more geospatial references within the document; and

for each identified geospatial reference of the plurality of geospatial references;

associating a geographical location with that identified geospatial reference, said geographical location being represented by a set of coordinates of a selected coordinate system;

determining a confidence level for that associated geographical location;

encoding both the geographical location and the confidence level for that identified geospatial reference as a geographic text string; and

associating the geographic text string with the identified geospatial reference.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein encoding involves interleaving the coordinates of the set of coordinates for that associated geographical location to generate the geographic text string.

15. The method of claim 13, wherein encoding both the geographical location and the confidence level for that identified geospatial reference as a geographic text string involves representing the confidence level within the text string as a corresponding bin of a plurality of bins, each of said plurality of bins representing a different range of confidence levels.

16. The method of claim 13, wherein encoding both the geographical location and the confidence level for that identified geospatial reference as a geographic text string involves representing the confidence level as a number string and interleaving the number string along with the coordinates of the set of coordinates for that associated geographical location to generate the geographic text string.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein the selected coordinate system is a hierarchical coordinate system.

18. The method of claim 13, wherein the selected coordinate system comprises latitude and longitude coordinates.

19. The method of claim 13, wherein the selected coordinate system is a quarternary triangular mesh, coordinate system.

20. The method of claim 13, wherein associating the geographical text string with the identified geospatial reference comprises inserting that geographical text string into the document at the location of the corresponding geospatial reference.

21. The method of claim 13, wherein associating the geographic text string with the identified geospatial reference comprises placing that geographic text string into a standoff metadata data structure that identifies the geospatial reference with which that geographical text string is associated in the document.

22. A method of processing a set of documents, the method comprising:

for each document in the set of documents,

identifying a plurality of one or more geospatial references within that document; and

for each identified geospatial reference of the plurality of geospatial references within that document;

associating a geographical location with the identified geospatial reference, said geographical location being represented by a set of coordinates of a selected coordinate system;

determining a confidence level for the associated geographical location;

encoding the geographical location and its confidence level into a geographic text string; and

associating the geographic text string with the identified geospatial reference.

23. The method of claim 22, further comprising creating a generic search engine text index for the set of documents, wherein the text index indexes both the words within the set of documents as well as the geographic text strings that are associated with the documents within the set of documents.

24. The method of claim 22, further comprising creating an enhanced search engine index for the set of documents, wherein the enhanced search engine index indexes both the words within the set of documents as well as the geographic text strings that are associated with the documents within the set of documents, the enhanced search engine index providing special handling for the geographic text strings.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the special handling provided by the enhanced search engine index comprises allowing confidence values associated with the geographic text strings to impact a relevance scoring.

26. A method of constructing a text search query for identifying among a plurality of documents those documents that contain geospatial references that are associated with a geographic location, said method comprising:

receiving an identification of said geographical location;

in response to receiving said specification, representing said geographical location as a set of coordinates; and

generating a geographical text string from the set of geographical coordinates by interleaving the coordinates of the set of coordinates for said geographical location.

27. The method of claim 26, further comprising submitting the geographical text string to a text search engine which searches a text index to for the plurality documents to identify those documents that contain geospatial references that are associated with said geographic location.

28. The method of claim 26, further comprising receiving a specification of a confidence, wherein generating the geographical text string further involves combining a representation of the confidence level with the set of geographical coordinates to generate said geographic text string.

29. A method of utilizing multiple different search engines to construct geographically constrained searches, the method comprising:

generating a plurality of specially formatted hierarchical strings;

sending the plurality of specially formatted strings to a plurality of search engines, wherein each of the search engines has indexed documents augmented with at least one specially formatted hierarchical string; and

upon receiving responses from the plurality of search engines, generating one or more result layers.