Organic colloidal dispersion of essentially monocrystalline praticles of at least one compound based on at least one rare earth, a process for its preparation, and use thereof

• US 20060005465A1
• Filed: 09/09/2005
• Published: 01/12/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 08/04/1999
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Gilbert Blanchard, Jean-Yves Chane-Ching, Veronique Besse
• Original Assignee: Gilbert Blanchard, Jean-Yves Chane-Ching, Veronique Besse
• Inventors: Chane-Ching, Jean-Yves, Besse, Veronique, Blanchard, Gilbert
• Application Number:
  US11/222,603
• Publication Number:
  US 20060005465A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 44/602
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 13/003 Preparation from aqueous sols
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 13/0043 containing elemental metal for medical or diagnostical purposes A61K, G01N
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 13/0047 containing a metal oxide
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 30/00 Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• CPC Class Codes: C01F 17/235 Cerium oxides or hydroxides
• CPC Class Codes: C01G 23/003 Titanates C01G23/001 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C01G 25/00 Compounds of zirconium
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2002/01 depicted by a TEM-image
• CPC Class Codes: C01P 2004/64 Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/66 by neutralisation; pH adjustment for degassing C02F1/20; using ion-exchange C02F1/42; for flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities C02F1/52; for removing dissolved compounds C02F1/58
• CPC Class Codes: C10L 1/10 containing additives
• CPC Class Codes: C10L 10/06 for facilitating soot removal

Abstract

The invention concerns an organic colloidal dispersion comprising: particles of at least a compound based on at least a rare earth, at least an acid, and at least a diluent, characterised in that at least 90% of the particles are monocrystalline. The invention also concerns the method for preparing said dispersion and its use as additive of diesel fuel for internal combustion engines.

Claims

1-16. -16. (canceled)

17. An organic colloidal dispersion comprising:

particles of at least one compound based on at least one rare earth,

at least one acid, and

at least one diluent,

wherein at least 90% of the particles are monocrystalline.

18. A colloidal dispersion according to claim 17, wherein the rare earth is selected from the group consisting of cerium, lanthanum, yttrium, neodymium, gadolinium and praseodymium.

19. A colloidal dispersion according to claim 17, wherein the compound is based on at least two rare earths, which may be identical or different, said rare earths having different oxidation numbers.

20. A colloidal dispersion according to claim 17, comprising at least one further element (E) selected from the group consisting of the elements of groups IIA, IVA, VIIA, IB, IIB, IIIB or IVB of the periodic table.

21. A colloidal dispersion according to claim 20, wherein the element (E) is selected from the group consisting of iron, copper, strontium, zirconium, titanium, gallium, palladium and manganese.

22. A colloidal dispersion according to claim 20, comprising at least 10 mole % of rare earth(s) with respect to number of moles of rare earth(s) and element (E), expressed as oxide.

23. A colloidal dispersion according to claim 22, comprising at least 20 mole % of rare earth(s) with respect to number of moles of rare earth(s) and element (E), expressed as oxide.

24. A colloidal dispersion according to claim 23, comprising at least 50 mole % of rare earth(s) with respect to the total number of moles of rare earth(s) and element (E), expressed as oxide.

25. A colloidal dispersion according to claim 17, wherein the particles have a d₅₀ of from 1 to 5 nm.

26. A colloidal dispersion according to claim 25, wherein the d₅₀ is of from 2 to 3 nm.

27. A dispersion according to claim 17, wherein the acid is an amphiphilic acid.

28. A colloidal dispersion according to claim 17, wherein the diluent is an apolar hydrocarbon.

29. A colloidal dispersion according to claim 17, comprising at most 40%, by rare earth oxide(s) weight, of rare earth(s), with respect to the total dispersion weight.

30. A colloidal dispersion according to claim 20, comprising at most 40%, by rare earth and element (E) oxide(s) weight, of rare earth(s) and element(s) (E), with respect to the total dispersion weight.

31. A colloidal dispersion according to claim 20, comprising from 1 to 32%, by rare earth and element (E) oxide(s) weight, of rare earth(s) and element(s) (E), with respect to the total dispersion weight.

32. A process for preparing an organic colloidal dispersion comprising:

particles of at least one compound based on at least one rare earth,

at least one acid, and

at least one diluent,

wherein at least 90% of the particles are monocrystalline, comprising the following steps;

a) preparing an aqueous mixture comprising at least one soluble salt, of element or elements the particles are based on,

b) bringing the aqueous mixture of step a) into contact with a basic medium to form a reaction mixture, the pH of which being kept basic,

c) at the end of step b), recovering a precipitate or an aqueous colloidal dispersion, and

d) bringing either the aqueous colloidal dispersion of step c) or the precipitate recovered in step c), optionally re-dispersed, into contact with at least one acid and a diluent, to obtain an organic colloidal dispersion.

33. A process according to claim 32, wherein the soluble salt in step a) is an acetate or a nitrate.

34. A process according to claim 32, wherein the basic medium in step b) is an ammonia solution.

35. A process according to claim 32, wherein the pH in step b) is of at least 7.

36. A process according to claim 35, wherein the pH is of at least 7.5.

37. A process according to claim 36, wherein the pH is of from 7.5 to 10.5.

38. Gas oil for internal combustion engines, comprising additives, wherein at least one additive is an organic colloidal dispersion comprising:

particles of at least one compound based on at least one rare earth,

at least one acid, and

at least one diluent,

wherein at least 90% of the particles are monocrystalline.

39. A fuel for internal combustion engines, obtained by mixing a normal fuel with an organic colloidal dispersion comprising:

particles of at least one compound based on at least one rare earth,

at least one acid, and

at least one diluent,

wherein at least 90% of the particles are monocrystalline.