Smoke detector calibration

• US 20060007010A1
• Filed: 06/24/2005
• Published: 01/12/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 07/09/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP (Johnson Controls International plc)
• Original Assignee: Tyco Safety Products Canada Limited (Johnson Controls International plc)
• Inventors: Rattman, William J., Mi, Zhexin
• Granted Patent: US 7,224,284 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 340/630
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 17/107 for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 17/113 Constructional details
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 29/20 Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 29/22 Provisions facilitating manual calibration, e.g. input or output provisions for testing; Holding of intermittent values to permit measurement

Abstract

A method for calibrating a smoke detector includes adjusting the sensitivity of the smoke detector to get a consistent predetermined response over the expected operating range. The sensitivity is generally consistent for all detectors and an independent offset value is determined for each detector. This offset value basically corresponds to the signal from the detector in a clean atmosphere. The sensitivity of the smoke detector is determined by measuring the response at different levels of obscuration and then appropriately adjusting the output of the light source of the detector. This process is repeated until the desired sensitivity is achieved. Thereafter, the offset value is measured or calibrated and stored in the smoke detector for use in setting alarm values.

Claims

1. A method of calibrating a smoke detector having a variable output LED light source, a smoke evaluation chamber, a light receiver and a circuit for measuring the output of the light receiver, said method comprising:

providing said smoke evaluation chamber with a first known obscuration atmosphere and determining a first measured output value of the light receiver;

providing said smoke evaluation chamber with a second known obscuration atmosphere and determining a second measured output value of the light receiver;

adjusting the output of the LED light source based on the first and second measured output values to achieve a predetermined sensitivity of the detector calculated by the ratio of change in measured output versus change in obscuration;

determining an offset value used in combination with said predetermined sensitivity to predict the response of the detector for different levels of obscuration;

using said offset value and said predetermined sensitivity to set at lease one alarm value; and

storing said offset value in said smoke detector.

2. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said first and second obscuration atmospheres are selected to cover a wide operating range of said detector.

3. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said first and second obscuration atmospheres correspond respectively to an atmosphere greater than 2 percent per foot obscuration and an atmosphere less than 0.5 percent per foot obscuration.

4. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said offset value is the measured output value of said light receiver corresponding to a clean air atmosphere.

5. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said first and second obscuration atmospheres correspond respectively to an atmosphere greater than 1.5 percent per ft. obscuration and an atmosphere less than 0.8 percent per ft. obscuration.

6. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said circuit for measuring the output of said light receiver produces a digital value corresponding to the measured value of the atmosphere in the smoke evaluation chamber.

7. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein said at least one alarm value is set by adding a predetermined value to said offset value.

8. A method as claimed in claim 1 including setting at least 3 alarm values where each alarm value has a different predetermined value and each alarm value is set by adding the respective predetermined value to said offset value to determine the alarm value.

9. A smoke detecting system comprising a control panel in two way communication with a series of smoke detectors wherein each smoke detector has a variable output LED light source, a smoke evaluation chamber, a light receiver and a circuit for measuring the output of the light receiver, a stored offset value for determining alarm values and a predetermined sensitivity;

and wherein said predetermined sensitivity is approximately equal for all smoke detectors and said stored offset value is dependent on the individual characteristics of the respective smoke detector, and each alarm value for a respective detector is calculated by adding a fixed value to said stored offset value.

10. A system as claimed in claim 9 wherein said smoke detectors are programmable by said alarm panel and said fixed value is provided by said alarm panel to said detectors and said detectors use said provided fixed value to determine the alarm value for the respective detector.

11. A system as claimed in claim 10 wherein said alarm panel provides a first fixed value to a first group of detectors and a second fixed value to a second group of detectors such that said first group of detectors have an alarm value different from the alarm value of said second group of detectors.