Information-embedding apparatus, encoder, tamper-detecting apparatus, information-embedding method, tamper-detecting method, and recording medium having program recorded therein for executing both of the methods
First Claim
1. An information-embedding apparatus comprising:
- a characteristic information-calculating unit operable to calculate characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a first frequency domain among frequency coefficients obtained by frequency transformation of a digital image signal; and
an information-embedding unit operable to embed the characteristic information into a frequency coefficient at a second frequency domain among the frequency coefficients obtained by the frequency transformation of the digital image signal, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A digital image signal is transformed in frequency, thereby providing partitioned frequency components. Characteristic information is calculated in accordance with a coefficient at a first frequency domain that is selected from among the partitioned frequency components. A coefficient at a second frequency domain is handled in accordance with predetermined rules, thereby embedding the characteristic information into the coefficient at the second frequency domain. The second frequency domain is selected from among areas that differ from the first frequency domain. The frequency coefficients that exhibit several frequency components are encoded in a predetermined manner, thereby producing compressed image data.
110 Citations
56 Claims
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1. An information-embedding apparatus comprising:
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a characteristic information-calculating unit operable to calculate characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a first frequency domain among frequency coefficients obtained by frequency transformation of a digital image signal; and
an information-embedding unit operable to embed the characteristic information into a frequency coefficient at a second frequency domain among the frequency coefficients obtained by the frequency transformation of the digital image signal, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain. - View Dependent Claims (4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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2. An information-embedding apparatus comprising:
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a frequency-transforming unit operable to practice frequency transformation of a digital image signal, thereby providing frequency coefficients;
a characteristic information-calculating unit operable to calculate characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a first frequency domain among the frequency coefficients from said frequency-transforming unit; and
an information-embedding unit operable to embed the characteristic information into a frequency coefficient at a second frequency domain among the frequency coefficients from said frequency-transforming unit, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain.
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3. An information-embedding apparatus comprising:
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a frequency-transforming unit operable to practice frequency transformation of a digital image signal, thereby providing frequency coefficients;
a quantization unit operable to quantize the frequency coefficients from said frequency-transforming unit, thereby providing quantum data;
a characteristic information-calculating unit operable to calculate characteristic information in accordance with quantum data at a first frequency domain among the quantum data from said quantization unit; and
an information-embedding unit operable to embed the characteristic information into quantum data at second frequency domain among the quantum data from said quantization unit, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain.
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9. An information-embedding apparatus comprising:
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a characteristic information-calculating unit operable to calculate characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a first frequency domain among frequency coefficients obtained by frequency transformation of a digital image signal; and
an information-embedding unit operable to embed the characteristic information into both a frequency coefficient at a second frequency domain and a frequency coefficient at a third frequency domain among the frequency coefficients obtained by the frequency transformation of the digital image signal, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain, and the third frequency domain being different from the first and second frequency domains. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15)
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10. An information-embedding apparatus comprising:
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a frequency-transforming unit operable to practice frequency transformation of a digital image signal, thereby providing frequency coefficients;
a characteristic information-calculating unit operable to calculate characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a first frequency domain among the frequency coefficients from said frequency-transforming unit; and
an information-embedding unit operable to embed the characteristic information into both a frequency coefficient at a second frequency domain and a frequency coefficient at a third frequency domain among the frequency coefficients obtained by the frequency transformation of the digital image signal, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain, and the third frequency domain being different from the first and second frequency domains.
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11. An information-embedding apparatus comprising:
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a frequency-transforming unit operable to practice frequency transformation of a digital image signal, thereby providing frequency coefficients;
a quantization unit operable to quantize the frequency coefficients from said frequency-transforming unit, thereby providing quantum data;
a characteristic information-calculating unit operable to calculate characteristic information in accordance with quantum data at a first frequency domain among the quantum data from said quantization unit; and
an information-embedding unit operable to embed the characteristic information into both quantum data at a second frequency domain and quantum data at a third frequency domain among the quantum data from said quantization unit, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain, and the third frequency domain being different from the first and second frequency domains.
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16. A tamper-detecting apparatus comprising:
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a characteristic information-calculating unit operable to calculate first characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a first frequency domain among frequency coefficients obtained by frequency transformation of a digital image signal;
a characteristic information-extracting unit operable to extract second characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a second frequency domain among the frequency coefficients obtained by the frequency transformation of the digital image signal, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain; and
a tamper-determining unit operable to determine presence of tampering by a comparison of the first characteristic information with the second characteristic information. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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23. A tamper-detecting apparatus comprising:
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a characteristic information-calculating unit operable to calculate first characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a first frequency domain among frequency coefficients obtained by frequency transformation of a digital image signal;
a characteristic information-extracting unit operable to extract second characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a second frequency domain among the frequency coefficients obtained by the frequency transformation of the digital image signal and to extract third characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a third frequency domain among the frequency coefficients obtained by the frequency transformation of the digital image signal; and
a tamper-determining unit operable to determine presence of tampering by a comparison of two or greater pieces of characteristic information among the first, second, and third characteristic information with each other, wherein the second frequency domain is different from the first frequency domain, and wherein the third frequency domain is different from the first and second frequency domains. - View Dependent Claims (24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
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32. An encoding apparatus comprising:
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a frequency-transforming unit operable to practice frequency transformation of a digital image signal, thereby providing frequency coefficients;
a quantization unit operable to quantize the frequency coefficients from said frequency-transforming unit, thereby providing quantum data;
a characteristic information-calculating unit operable to calculate characteristic information in accordance with quantum data at a first frequency domain among the quantum data from said quantization unit;
an information-embedding unit operable to embed the characteristic information into quantum data at a second frequency domain among the quantum data from said quantization unit, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain; and
an image-encoding unit operable to encode the embedded data from said information-embedding unit, thereby generating compressed image data.
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33. An information-embedding method comprising:
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calculating characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a first frequency domain among frequency coefficients obtained by frequency transformation of a digital image signal; and
embedding the characteristic information into a frequency coefficient at a second frequency domain among the frequency coefficients obtained by the frequency transformation of the digital image signal, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain. - View Dependent Claims (36, 37)
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34. An information-embedding method comprising:
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practicing frequency transformation of a digital image signal, thereby providing frequency coefficients;
calculating characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a first frequency domain among the provided frequency coefficients; and
embedding the characteristic information into a frequency coefficient at a second frequency domain among the provided frequency coefficients, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain.
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35. An information-embedding method comprising:
- practicing frequency transformation of a digital image signal, thereby providing frequency coefficients;
quantizing the provided frequency coefficients, thereby providing quantum data;
calculating characteristic information in accordance with quantum data at a first frequency domain among the provided quantum data; and
embedding the characteristic information into quantum data at a second frequency domain among the provided quantum data, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain.
- practicing frequency transformation of a digital image signal, thereby providing frequency coefficients;
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38. An information-embedding method comprising:
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calculating characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a first frequency domain among frequency coefficients obtained by frequency transformation of a digital image signal; and
embedding the characteristic information into both a frequency coefficient at a second frequency domain and a frequency coefficient at a third frequency domain among the frequency coefficients obtained by the frequency transformation of the digital image signal, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain, and the third frequency domain being different from the first and second frequency domains.
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39. An information-embedding method comprising:
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practicing frequency transformation of a digital image signal, thereby providing frequency coefficients;
calculating characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a first frequency domain among the provided frequency coefficients; and
embedding the characteristic information into both a frequency coefficient at a second frequency domain and a frequency coefficient at a third frequency domain among the provided frequency coefficients, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain, and the third frequency domain being different from the first and second frequency domains.
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40. An information-embedding method comprising:
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practicing frequency transformation of a digital image signal, thereby providing frequency coefficients;
quantizing the provided frequency coefficients, thereby providing quantum data;
calculating characteristic information in accordance with quantum data at a first frequency domain among the provided quantum data; and
embedding the characteristic information into both quantum data at a second frequency domain and quantum data at a third frequency domain among the provided quantum data, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain, and the third frequency domain being different from the first and second frequency domains.
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41. A tamper-detecting method comprising:
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calculating first characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a first frequency domain among frequency coefficients obtained by frequency transformation of a digital image signal;
extracting second characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a second frequency domain among the frequency coefficients obtained by the frequency transformation of the digital image signal, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain; and
determining presence of tampering by a comparison of the first characteristic information with the second characteristic information. - View Dependent Claims (42, 43)
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44. A tamper-detecting method comprising:
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calculating first characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a first frequency domain among frequency coefficients obtained by frequency transformation of a digital image signal;
extracting second characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a second frequency domain among the frequency coefficients obtained by the frequency transformation of the digital image signal, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain;
extracting third characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a third frequency domain among the frequency coefficients obtained by the frequency transformation of the digital image signal, the third frequency domain being different from the first and second frequency domains; and
determining presence of tampering by a comparison of two or greater different pieces of characteristic information among the first, second, and third characteristic information with each other. - View Dependent Claims (45, 46, 47, 48)
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49. A recording medium having computer readable instructions recorded thereon, the computer readable instructions being capable of instructing a computer to execute an information-embedded program, the information-embedded program being operable to:
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calculate characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a first frequency domain among frequency coefficients obtained by frequency transformation of a digital image signal; and
embed the characteristic information into a frequency coefficient at a second frequency domain among the frequency coefficients obtained by the frequency transformation of the digital image signal, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain.
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50. A recording medium having computer readable instructions recorded thereon, the computer readable instructions being capable of instructing a computer to execute an information-embedded program, the information-embedded program being operable to:
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practice frequency transformation of a digital image signal, thereby providing frequency coefficients;
calculate characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a first frequency domain among the provided frequency coefficients; and
embed the characteristic information into a frequency coefficient at a second frequency domain among the provided frequency coefficients, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain.
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51. A recording medium having computer readable instructions recorded thereon, the computer readable instructions being capable of instructing a computer to execute an information-embedded program, the information-embedded program being operable to:
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practice frequency transformation of a digital image signal, thereby providing frequency coefficients;
quantize the provided frequency coefficients, thereby providing quantum data;
calculate characteristic information in accordance with quantum data at a first frequency domain among the provided quantum data; and
embed the characteristic information into quantum data at a second frequency domain among the provided quantum data, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain.
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52. A recording medium having computer readable instructions recorded thereon, the computer readable instructions being capable of instructing a computer to execute an information-embedded program, the information-embedded program being operable to:
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calculate characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a first frequency domain among frequency coefficients obtained by frequency transformation of a digital image signal; and
embed the characteristic information into both a frequency coefficient at a second frequency domain and a frequency coefficient at a third frequency domain among the frequency coefficients obtained by the frequency transformation of the digital image signal, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain, and the third frequency domain being different from the first and second frequency domains.
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53. A recording medium having computer readable instructions recorded thereon, the computer readable instructions being capable of instructing a computer to execute an information-embedded program, the information-embedded program being operable to:
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practice frequency transformation of a digital image signal, thereby providing frequency coefficients;
calculate characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a first frequency domain among the provided frequency coefficients; and
embed the characteristic information into both a frequency coefficient at a second frequency domain and a frequency coefficient at a third frequency domain among the provided frequency coefficients, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain, and the third frequency domain being different from the first and second frequency domains.
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54. A recording medium having computer readable instructions recorded thereon, the computer readable instructions being capable of instructing a computer to execute an information-embedded program, the information-embedded program being operable to:
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practice frequency transformation of a digital image signal, thereby providing frequency coefficients;
quantize the provided frequency coefficients, thereby providing quantum data;
calculate characteristic information in accordance with quantum data at a first frequency domain among the provided quantum data; and
embed the characteristic information into both quantum data at a second frequency domain and quantum data at a third frequency domain among the provided quantum data, thereby providing embedded data, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain, and the third frequency domain being different from the first and second frequency domains.
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55. A recording medium having computer readable instructions recorded thereon, the computer readable instructions being capable of instructing a computer to execute a tamper-detecting program, the tamper-detecting program being operable to:
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calculate first characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a first frequency domain among frequency coefficients obtained by frequency transformation of a digital image signal;
extract second characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a second frequency domain among the frequency coefficients obtained by the frequency transformation of the digital image signal, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain; and
determine presence of tampering by a comparison of the first characteristic information with the second characteristic information.
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56. A recording medium having computer readable instructions recorded thereon, the computer readable instructions being capable of instructing a computer to execute a tamper-detecting program, the tamper-detecting program being operable to:
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calculate first characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a first frequency domain among frequency coefficients obtained by frequency transformation of a digital image signal;
extract second characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a second frequency domain among the frequency coefficients obtained by the frequency transformation of the digital image signal, the second frequency domain being different from the first frequency domain;
extract third characteristic information in accordance with a frequency coefficient at a third frequency domain among the frequency coefficients obtained by the frequency transformation of the digital image signal, the third frequency domain being different from the first and second frequency domains; and
determine presence of tampering by a comparison of two or greater different pieces of characteristic information among the first, second, and third characteristic information with each other.
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Specification