MINIATURIZED ANTENNAS BASED ON NEGATIVE PERMITTIVITY MATERIALS
First Claim
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1. Apparatus comprising an antenna for operation in a range of frequencies including a resonant frequency fres of the antenna associated with a vacuum wavelength λ
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res of electromagnetic radiation, the antenna comprising;
a) at least one resonator of the kind in which a patterned structure, or a shaped material of negative electric permittivity or magnetic permeability, has maximum spatial extent less than one-half λ
res and is effective, at least at fres, for;
i) supporting a resonance, and ii) coupling to an external radiation field such that the resonant scattering cross-section of the resonator is at least about 0.3λ
res2 for at least one incident polarization and direction of electromagnetic radiation; and
b) a transmission line coupled to the resonator such that when the resonator is driven at fres by a driving signal in the transmission line, such portion of the driving signal as reflects back into the transmission line does so with a return loss of at least 10 dB.
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Abstract
An antenna comprises a resonator and a waveguide. The resonator comprises at least one body having a negative effective electrical permittivity or a negative magnetic permeability when a resonance is excited therein by electromagnetic radiation lying in some portion of the microwave spectrum. A termination of the waveguide is situated adjacent the resonator. The resonator is conformed such that at the resonance, there is efficient coupling between the resonator and the waveguide.
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Citations
17 Claims
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1. Apparatus comprising an antenna for operation in a range of frequencies including a resonant frequency fres of the antenna associated with a vacuum wavelength λ
-
res of electromagnetic radiation, the antenna comprising;
a) at least one resonator of the kind in which a patterned structure, or a shaped material of negative electric permittivity or magnetic permeability, has maximum spatial extent less than one-half λ
res and is effective, at least at fres, for;
i) supporting a resonance, and ii) coupling to an external radiation field such that the resonant scattering cross-section of the resonator is at least about 0.3λ
res2 for at least one incident polarization and direction of electromagnetic radiation; and
b) a transmission line coupled to the resonator such that when the resonator is driven at fres by a driving signal in the transmission line, such portion of the driving signal as reflects back into the transmission line does so with a return loss of at least 10 dB. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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res of electromagnetic radiation, the antenna comprising;
Specification