LED driving device with variable light intensity

• US 20060022916A1
• Filed: 06/14/2005
• Published: 02/02/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 06/14/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: STMicroelectronics SRL (STMicroelectronics NV)
• Original Assignee: STMicroelectronics SRL (STMicroelectronics NV)
• Inventors: Aiello, Natale
• Granted Patent: US 7,750,579 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 345/82
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/10 Controlling the intensity of the light
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/325 Pulse-width modulation [PWM]
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/3725 Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/385 using flyback topology

Abstract

In a device for driving LEDs with variable light intensity, a supply stage has a first operating mode, in which a controlled supply current is generated, and a second operating mode, in which a controlled supply voltage is generated. A LED is connected to the supply stage, receives the controlled supply current or voltage, and has a turning-on threshold voltage higher than the controlled supply voltage. A current sensor generates a current-feedback signal that is correlated to the current flowing in the LED and is supplied to the supply stage in the first operating mode. An intensity-control stage generates a mode-control signal that is sent to the supply stage and controls sequential switching between the first and the second operating modes of the supply stage.

Claims

1. A device for driving a light-emitting-diode element, with variable light intensity and having a turning-on threshold voltage, the device comprising:

a supply stage having an output to be connected to said light-emitting-diode element, said supply stage being configured so as to have a first operating mode and a second operating mode, wherein, in said first operating mode, said supply stage generates a controlled supply current and, in said second operating mode, said supply stage generates a controlled supply voltage no greater than said turning-on threshold voltage;

a current sensor, connectable to said output for generating, in use, a current-feedback signal correlated to the current flowing in said light-emitting-diode element and sent to said supply stage in said first operating mode,

an intensity-control stage generating a mode-control signal sent to said supply stage and controlling sequential switching between said first and second operating modes of said supply stage according to a desired light intensity.

2. The driving device according to claim 1 for a light-emitting-diode element comprising a plurality of LEDs connected in series and each LED having an own threshold voltage;

wherein said turning-on threshold voltage is equal to the sum of said own threshold voltages of said LEDs.

3. The driving device according to claim 1, wherein said mode-control signal is a periodic signal defining a first time interval and a second time interval corresponding to said first and said second operating modes, said intensity-control stage comprising regulation means for regulating said first and second time intervals.

4. The driving device according to claim 3, wherein said regulation means comprise a pulse-width modulator—

PWM.

5. The driving device according to claim 3, wherein said intensity-control stage further comprises an enabling stage connected between said regulation means and said supply stage and generating said mode-control signal.

6. The driving device according to claim 5, wherein said enabling stage comprises a resistive divider having a first intermediate node supplying said mode-control signal and means for modifying the dividing ratio, controlled by said regulation means.

7. The driving device according to claim 6, wherein said supply stage comprises a regulator and a selection stage, said regulator having a feedback input and said selection stage receiving said mode-control signal and said current-feedback signal and supplying to said feedback input alternately said current-feedback signal in said first operating mode and said mode-control signal in said second operating mode.

8. The driving device according to claim 7, wherein said selection stage comprises a comparison circuit receiving said current-feedback signal, said mode-control signal and a reference signal and feeding said feedback input with said current-feedback signal in presence of a first relation between said mode-control signal and said reference signal, and said mode-control signal in presence of a second relation between said mode-control signal and said reference signal.

9. The driving device according to claim 8, wherein said comparison circuit comprises operational-amplifier means having a first terminal receiving said mode-control signal, a second terminal receiving said reference voltage, and an output connected to said feedback input via unidirectional means.

10. The driving device according to claim 9, wherein said unidirectional means comprise a diode having its cathode connected to said feedback input and its anode connected to the output of said operational-amplifier means.

11. The driving device according to claim 6, wherein said supply stage has a first and a second outputs, and said resistive divider comprises first resistive means connected between said first output and said first intermediate node, second resistive means connected between said first intermediate node and a second intermediate node, and third resistive means connected between said second intermediate node and said second output;

said dividing-ratio-modifying means comprising switching means connected in parallel to said third resistive means and controlled by said regulation means.

12. The driving device according to claim 11, wherein said switching means comprise transistor means having a first conduction terminal connected to said second intermediate node, a second conduction terminal connected to said second output, and a control terminal connected to said regulation means.

29. The driving device according to claim 6, wherein said supply stage has a first and a second outputs, and said resistive divider comprises first resistive means connected between said first output and said first intermediate node, and second resistive means connected between said first intermediate node and a second intermediate node;

said dividing-ratio-modifying means comprising switching means connected between said second intermediate node and said second output.

30. The driving device according to claim 29, wherein said switching means comprise transistor means having a first conduction terminal connected to said second intermediate node, a second conduction terminal connected to said second output, and a control terminal connected to said regulation means.

31. The driving device according to claim 29, wherein said enabling stage further comprises voltage limiting means connected to said first intermediate node.

13. A method for driving a light-emitting-diode element with variable light intensity, comprising the steps of:

supplying said light-emitting-diode element with a controlled supply current in a first operating mode,

supplying said light-emitting-diode element with a controlled supply voltage in a second operating mode, said controlled supply voltage being no greater than a turning-on threshold voltage of said light-emitting-diode element; and

controlling alternately a sequential switching between said first and second operating modes.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein said step of controlling alternately comprises the step of generating a periodic mode-control signal, defining a first time interval and a second time interval corresponding to said first operating mode and said second operating mode, respectively, the method further comprising the step of regulating the duration of said first time interval and said second time interval.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein said step of regulating comprises generating a pulse-width-modulated control signal.

16. The method according to claim 14, wherein said mode-control signal is proportional to an output voltage across said light-emitting-diode element;

and said step of controlling alternately comprises varying the ratio of proportionality between said mode-control signal and said output voltage, comparing said mode-control signal with a reference signal, and enabling alternately said first and second operating modes according to the result of said comparison.

17. A circuit for driving a light-emitting-diode component, the light-emitting-diode component having a turn-on threshold voltage and the circuit comprising:

a supply stage circuit having an output adapted to be coupled the light-emitting-diode component and operable in a current control mode and a voltage control mode responsive to a mode control signal, the supply stage circuit operable in the current control mode responsive to the mode control signal being active to supply a current to the light emitting-diode component, with the current having a value that is a function of current feedback signal, and the supply stage circuit operable in the voltage control mode responsive to the mode control signal being inactive to apply a voltage to the light emitting-diode component, the voltage having a value that is no greater than the turn-on threshold voltage;

a current sensor coupled to the supply stage circuit and adapted to be coupled to the light emitting-diode component, the current sensor operable to generate the current feedback signal having a value that is a function of the current flowing through the light-emitting-diode component in the current-control mode of operation; and

an intensity control circuit coupled to the supply stage circuit and adapted to receive an intensity signal, the intensity control circuit operable to develop the mode control signal responsive to the intensity signal and the intensity-control circuit alternately activating and deactivating the mode control signal as a function of the intensity signal to control an intensity of light generated by the light-emitting-diode component.

18. The circuit of claim 17 wherein the mode control signal is a periodic signal defining a first time interval during which the supply stage circuit operates in the current control mode and a second time interval during which the supply stage operates in the voltage control mode.

19. The circuit of claim 18 wherein the mode control signal comprises a PWM signal and further including a controllable resistive divider circuit coupled to the output of the supply stage circuit and coupled to receive the PWM signal, the controllable resistive divider operable during the second time interval of the PWM signal to limit the voltage applied to the light-emitting-diode component to no greater than the turn-on threshold voltage and operable during the first time interval of the PWM signal to set the voltage applied to the light-emitting-diode component to greater than the turn-on threshold voltage.

20. The circuit of claim 17 wherein the supply stage circuit comprises a DC-to-DC converter.

21. An electronic system, comprising:

an electronic subsystem including,

a light-emitting-diode component having a turn-on threshold voltage;

a driver circuit coupled to the light-emitting-diode component, the driver circuit including,

a supply stage circuit having an output adapted to be coupled the light-emitting-diode component and operable in a current control mode and a voltage control mode responsive to a mode control signal, the supply stage circuit operable in the current control mode responsive to the mode control signal being active to supply a current to the light emitting-diode component, with the current having a value that is a function of current feedback signal, and the supply stage circuit operable in the voltage control mode responsive to the mode control signal being inactive to apply a voltage to the light emitting-diode component, the voltage having value that is no greater than the turn-on threshold voltage;

a current sensor coupled to the supply stage circuit and adapted to be coupled to the light emitting-diode component, the current sensor operable to generate the current feedback signal having a value that is a function of the current flowing through the light-emitting-diode component in the current-control mode of operation; and

an intensity control circuit coupled to the supply stage circuit and adapted to receive an intensity signal, the intensity control circuit operable to the develop the mode control signal responsive to the intensity signal and the intensity-control circuit alternately activating and deactivating the mode control signal as a function of the intensity signal to control an intensity of light generated by the light-emitting-diode component.

22. The electronic system of claim 21 wherein the electronic subsystem comprises an automotive subsystem and the light-emitting-diode component corresponds to a rear light contained in the automotive subsystem.

23. The electronic system of claim 21 wherein the electronic subsystem comprises a road sign subsystem and the light-emitting-diode component corresponds to a light contained in the road sign subsystem.

24. The electronic system of claim 21 wherein the electronic subsystem comprises a traffic light subsystem and the light-emitting-diode component corresponds to a light contained in the traffic light subsystem.

25. A method of controlling an intensity of light generated by a light-emitting-diode component, the method comprising:

supplying a current to the light-emitting-diode component, a magnitude of the current corresponding to a desired color light to be generated by the light-emitting-diode component;

sensing current through the light-emitting-diode component;

adjusting the current through the light-emitting-diode component responsive to the sensed current to achieve the desired color of light;

coupling a resistive network in parallel across the light-emitting-diode component to limit the voltage across the light-emitting-diode component to a voltage that is no greater than a turn-on threshold voltage of the light-emitting-diode component; and

sequentially switching between supplying the current to the light-emitting-diode component and coupling the resistive network to the component to control the intensity of the light generated by the light-emitting-diode component.

26. The method of claim 25 wherein sequentially switching occurs at rate that sets a first duration during which current is supplied to the light-emitting-diode and a second duration during which the voltage across the light-emitting-diode component is limited to no greater than the turn-on threshold voltage, the ratio of the first duration to the second duration defining the intensity of the light generated by the light-emitting-diode component and this ration being adjusted to control that intensity.

27. The method of claim 26 wherein sequentially switching includes generating a pulse-width-modulated (PWM) control signal having a duty cycle that defines the intensity of the light generated by the light-emitting-diode component.

28. The method of claim 27 wherein coupling a resistive network in parallel across the light-emitting-diode comprises coupling a first resistance across the light-emitting diode component responsive to the PWM signal being active and coupling a second resistance across the light-emitting-diode component responsive to the PWM signal being inactive, and wherein sequentially switching between supplying the current to the light-emitting-diode component and coupling the resistive network to the component comprises sequentially switching between coupling the first resistance across the component and coupling the second resistance across the component while supplying the current to the component.