Corn oil and dextrose extraction apparatus and method

• US 20060029715A1
• Filed: 08/04/2005
• Published: 02/09/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 08/05/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Board of Trustees of The University of Illinois
• Original Assignee: Board of Trustees of The University of Illinois
• Inventors: Cheryan, Munir
• Granted Patent: US 7,481,890 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 426/601
• CPC Class Codes: A23J 1/12 from cereals, wheat, bran, or molasses
• CPC Class Codes: A23L 7/115 Cereal fibre products, e.g. bran, husk
• CPC Class Codes: C08B 30/04 Extraction or purification
• CPC Class Codes: C11B 1/10 by extracting
• CPC Class Codes: C11B 1/108 after-treatment, e.g. of miscellae
• CPC Class Codes: C13K 1/06 obtained by saccharification of starch or raw materials containing starch
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 50/10 Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

Abstract

Method and apparatus for processing corn into one or more corn products including dextrose. In a preferred process, corn is processed and treated with solvent(s) to extract oil. The oil can be subsequently recovered using membrane technology. Zein may also be produced if the solvent is an alcohol. Starch in the deoiled meal is converted to dextrose by liquefaction and saccharification with enzymes. The reaction mixture containing the dextrose and other components is subjected to one or more unit operations such as screening, filtration, and/or membrane technology to produce one or more of corn gluten, soluble protein, dextrose, and fiber.

Claims

1. A corn product removal process for providing at least dextrose and oil from corn, the process comprising the steps of:

extracting oil from the corn with a solvent to produce a corn-solvent mixture;

separating the oil from the corn-solvent mixture to produce deoiled corn solids including starch;

converting the starch to starch hydrolysates to produce a reaction mixture including dextrose; and

separating dextrose from the reaction mixture.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

before said converting the starch, separating the solvent from the deoiled corn solids to produce deoiled and desolventized corn solids including starch.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said separating the solvent comprises membrane processing the deoiled corn solids.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the solvent comprises at least one of a hydrocarbon, an alcohol, and ethanol.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein said separating oil comprises at least one of centrifugation, filtration, and membrane filtration to separate an oil-solvent mixture from the corn-solvent mixture.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:

separating oil from the oil-solvent mixture.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein said converting comprises:

combining the deoiled corn solids with water to provide a suspension;

liquefying the starch; and

saccharifying the liquefied starch.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein said liquefying comprises:

heating the suspension;

adding alpha-amylase enzyme to the heated suspension to produce a liquefied starch.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein said saccharifying comprises adding glucoamiase enzymes to the liquefied starch.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein said separating dextrose from the reaction mixture comprises:

separating suspended solids in the reaction mixture including fiber and corn gluten from dissolved solids including dextrose;

clarifying the dissolved solids to produce a clarified dextrose solution.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein said clarifying comprises separating at least one of soluble protein, fine colloidal particles, and emulsified solids from the dissolved solids.

12. The method of claim 10, further comprising:

separating fiber from the suspended solids;

thickening corn gluten from the suspended solids after said separating fiber.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein said separating comprises:

separating fiber from the reaction mixture;

clarifying the dextrose in the reaction mixture after said separating fiber.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein said separating comprises:

separating fiber from the reaction mixture;

separating corn gluten from the reaction mixture after said separating fiber;

clarifying the dextrose after said separating corn gluten.

15. A corn product removal process for providing at least dextrose and zein from corn, the process comprising the steps of:

extracting zein from the corn with an ethanol or isopropanol solvent to produce a corn-solvent mixture;

separating the zein from the corn-solvent mixture using at least one of centrifugation, filtration, and membrane filtration to produce dezeined corn solids including starch;

converting the starch to starch hydrolysates to produce a reaction mixture including dextrose; and

separating dextrose from the reaction mixture.

16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:

before said converting the starch, separating the solvent from the dezeined corn solids to produce dezeined and desolventized corn solids including starch.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein said separating the solvent comprises membrane processing the dezeined corn solids.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein said converting comprises:

combining the dezeined corn solids with water to provide a suspension;

liquefying the starch; and

saccharifying the liquefied starch.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein said liquefying comprises heating the suspension and adding alpha-amylase enzyme to the heated suspension to produce a liquefied starch;

and

wherein said saccharifying comprises adding glucoamlase enzymes to the liquefied starch.

20. The method of claim 15, wherein said separating dextrose from the reaction mixture comprises:

separating suspended solids in the reaction mixture including fiber and corn gluten from dissolved solids including dextrose;

clarifying the dissolved solids to produce a clarified dextrose solution;

wherein said clarifying comprises separating at least one of soluble protein, fine colloidal particles, and emulsified solids from the dissolved solids.

21. The method of claim 15, wherein said separating dextrose from the reaction mixture comprises:

separating fiber from the reaction mixture;

separating corn gluten from the reaction mixture;

clarifying the dextrose in the reaction mixture after said separating fiber and said separating corn gluten.

22. The method of claim 15, wherein said separating comprises:

separating fiber from the reaction mixture;

clarifying the dextrose in the reaction mixture after said separating fiber.

23. The method of claim 15, wherein said separating comprises:

separating fiber from the reaction mixture;

separating corn gluten from the reaction mixture after said separating fiber;

clarifying the dextrose after said separating corn gluten.

24. The method of claim 15, wherein said separating zein comprises:

separating a zein-solvent mixture from the corn-solvent mixture;

separating zein from the zein-solvent mixture.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the corn-solvent mixture further comprises oil, and further comprising:

separating an oil-solvent mixture from the corn-solvent mixture;

separating oil from the oil-solvent mixture.

26. A corn product removal system comprising:

an extractor extracting at least one of oil and zein from corn with a solvent to produce a corn-solvent mixture;

a separator for separating at least one of oil and zein from the corn-solvent mixture to produce deoiled and/or dezeined corn solids including starch;

a liquefaction and saccharification system for converting the starch to starch hydrolysates and producing a reaction mixture including dextrose; and

a separator for separating dextrose from the reaction mixture.

27. The system of claim 26, further comprising:

a separator between said extractor and said liquefaction and saccharification system for separating the solvent from the deoiled and/or dezeined corn solids to produce deoiled and/or dezeined, desolventized corn solids including starch.