Current sensor using mirror MOSFET and PWM inverter incorporating the same

• US 20060038523A1
• Filed: 10/18/2005
• Published: 02/23/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 12/19/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hitachi Astemo Ltd. (Hitachi, Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Innami, Toshiyuki, Fujino, Shinichi, Sakano, Junichi, Goto, Kohsei
• Granted Patent: US 7,112,935 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 318/600
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0009 Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/537 using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/53871 with automatic control of output voltage or current

Abstract

A current sensor has a power MOSFET Q1, connected between an electric load and a power supply, for controlling current that flows through said electric load, a mirror MOSFET Q2, connected in parallel to said power MOSFET Q1, in which a portion of the current flowing through said power MOSFET flows, and a current detection resistor RC connected between a source electrode of said power MOSFET and a source electrode of said mirror MOSFET. An inverting amplifier circuit CP of the current sensor 3 inverts and amplifies the voltage signal, which has been converted to voltage by the current detection resistor RC, and outputs the signal, thereby converting positive and negative voltages generated across the current detection resistor RC to a positive voltage.

Claims

1. A current sensor comprising:

a power MOSFET connected between an electric load and a power source, for controlling current that flows through said electric load;

a mirror MOSFET connected in parallel to said power MOSFET, such that a current that flows through said mirror MOSFET is equal to a portion of a current that flows through said power MOSFET;

a current detection resistor connected between a source electrode of said power MOSFET and a source electrode of said mirror MOSFET; and

a converting means for converting both positive and negative voltages generated across said current detection resistor into a current detection signal that is always positive or is always negative;

wherein said current detection resistor has a resistance value Rrc such that a value obtained as the result of a current Imain, which flows through said power MOSFET or a parasitic diode of said power MOSFET, divided by a mirror ratio X of said power MOSFET to said mirror MOSFET, and multiplied by the resistance value Rrc is less than a voltage drop value VD of said power MOSFET or of the parasitic diode of said power MOSFET, when said current is flowing.

2. The current sensor according to claim 1, wherein said converting means is an inverting amplifier circuit that inverts and amplifies a voltage signal, which has been converted into voltage by said current detection resistor, and outputs the signal.

3. The current sensor according to claim 1, wherein said converting means is a level converting circuit that increases or decreases the level of the voltage signal, which has been converted into voltage by said current detection resistor.

4. The current sensor according to claim 1, further comprising an A/D converter which receives said current detection signal and generates digital signals indicative thereof.

5. A PWM inverter having three phases of arms, connected in parallel to a DC power source, each phase having an upper arm and a lower arm which function in pairs so as to control alternating current, and current sensors disposed at all of the upper or lower arms of said three phases;

wherein said current sensor comprises;

a power MOSFET, connected between an electric load and a power source, for controlling current that flows through said electric load;

a mirror MOSFET, connected in parallel to said power MOSFET, whereby a portion of the current that flows through said power MOSFET flows through said mirror MOSFET;

a current detection resistor connected between a source electrode of said power MOSFET and a source electrode of said mirror MOSFET; and

a converting means for converting positive and negative voltages generated across said current detection resistor into a positive or negative voltage; and

wherein said PWM inverter further comprises a driving device for detecting each phase'"'"'s current based on a current detection signal outputted from the current sensor of each phase.

6. The PWM inverter according to claim 5, wherein the driving device detects a failure of the current sensor based on a sum of each phase'"'"'s current.

7. The PWM inverter according to claim 5, wherein:

the PWM inverter is configured for connection to a motor; and

the driving device detects an electrical short between the PWM inverter and the motor based on a sum of each phase'"'"'s current.