Communication apparatus and data communication method

• US 20060039287A1
• Filed: 08/18/2005
• Published: 02/23/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 08/23/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: NEC Corporation
• Original Assignee: NEC Corporation
• Inventors: Shimonishi, Hideyuki, Hasegawa, Yohei
• Granted Patent: US 8,149,704 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 370/238
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/16 Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/163 In-band adaptation of TCP data exchange; In-band control procedures

Abstract

A communication apparatus includes an arrival time estimation unit, connection selection unit, and network processing unit. The arrival time estimation unit estimates, for each block and each of a plurality of connections, an arrival time until a block generated by segmenting transmission data arrives from the apparatus at a final reception terminal or a merging apparatus through a network. The connection selection unit selects, for each block, a connection with the shortest arrival time from the plurality of connections on the basis of the estimation result. The network processing unit outputs each block to the network by using the selected connection. A data communication method and a data communication program are also disclosed.

Claims

1. A communication apparatus comprising:

an arrival time estimation unit which estimates, for each block and each of a plurality of connections, an arrival time until a block generated by segmenting transmission data arrives from the apparatus at one of a final reception terminal and a merging apparatus through a network;

a connection selection unit which selects, for each block, a connection with a shortest arrival time from the plurality of connections on the basis of an estimation result by said arrival time estimation unit; and

a network processing unit which outputs each block to the network by using the connection selected by said connection selection unit.

2. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said arrival time estimation unit comprises

a first measuring unit which measures a first time after the block is distributed to the connection selected by said connection selection unit until the block is output to the network,

a second measuring unit which measures a second time after the block is output to the network until the block arrives at one of the reception terminal and the merging apparatus, and

an adding unit which adds the first time and the second time to estimate the arrival time when the apparatus is a transmission terminal.

3. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said arrival time estimation unit comprises

a first measuring unit which measures a first time after the block is distributed to the connection selected by said connection selection unit until the block is output to the network,

a second measuring unit which measures a second time after the block is output to the network until the block arrives at a transit apparatus on a receiving side of the selected connection,

a third measuring unit which measures a third time until the block arrives from the transit apparatus at one of the reception terminal and the merging apparatus, and

an adding unit which adds the first time, the second time, and the third time to estimate the arrival time when the transit apparatus is present between the apparatus and one of the reception terminal and the merging apparatus.

4. An apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a notification unit which notifies an apparatus located on a transmitting side of the connection selected by said connection selection unit of the arrival time estimated by said arrival time estimation unit,

wherein said third measuring unit obtains the received arrival time as the third time when said notification unit of the transit apparatus notifies the apparatus of the arrival time until the block arrives from the transit apparatus at one of the reception terminal and the merging apparatus.

5. An apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising

a connection setting target determination unit which determines a connection setting target before selection of the connection in accordance with one of an address of the reception terminal, a subnet to which the reception terminal belongs, an address of a transmission terminal, a subnet to which the transmission terminal belongs, an application type, a type of data to be transmitted, and a port number to be used by the application, and

a connection establishing unit which establishes a connection in accordance with determination by said connection setting target determination unit.

6. An apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said connection setting target determination unit determines, on the basis of a priority of each candidate and a communication quality of a path to each candidate, the connection setting target from a plurality of candidates corresponding to one of the address of the reception terminal, the subnet to which the reception terminal belongs, the address of the transmission terminal, the subnet to which the transmission terminal belongs, the application type, the type of data to be transmitted, and the port number to be used by the application.

7. An apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising

a storage unit which stores a plurality of connection setting targets corresponding to a data transmission destination,

a connection setting target determination unit which determines, before selection of the connection by said connection selection unit, a connection setting target corresponding to the data transmission destination by using contents stored in said storage unit, and when the connection setting target cannot be specified from the contents stored in said storage unit, determines the data transmission destination as the connection setting target, and

a connection establishing unit which establishes a connection in accordance with determination by said connection setting target determination unit.

8. An apparatus according to claim 7, wherein when the apparatus is an apparatus present between a connection setting request source and the connection setting target, and a connection setting request packet transmitted from said connection establishing unit of the connection setting request source is received in place of the connection setting target, said network processing unit transmits, to the connection setting request source, an address of the apparatus as an address of the connection setting target.

9. An apparatus according to claim 7, wherein when the apparatus is an apparatus present between a connection setting request source and the connection setting target, and a connection setting request packet transmitted from said connection establishing unit of the connection setting request source is received in place of the connection setting target, said network processing unit transmits the connection setting request packet to the connection setting target by regarding the apparatus as the connection setting request source.

10. An apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising

a storage unit which stores a plurality of connection setting targets corresponding to a data transmission destination,

a connection setting target determination unit which determines, before selection of the connection by said connection selection unit, a plurality of connection setting targets corresponding to the data transmission destination by using contents stored in said storage unit, and

a connection establishing unit which establishes a connection in accordance with determination by said connection setting target determination unit.

11. An apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising

a storage unit which stores a plurality of connection setting targets corresponding to a data transmission destination when the apparatus is an apparatus present between a connection setting request source and the connection setting target, and

a connection setting unit which sets a connection to another setting target, which belongs to the same group as the connection setting target indicated by a connection setting request packet, on the basis of contents stored in said storage unit when the connection setting request packet transmitted from the connection setting request source is received in place of the connection setting target.

12. An apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said first measuring unit measures, for each block and each of the plurality of connections, the first time on the basis of one of a transmission queue length and a transmission wait time of each connection and an effective throughput of a communication protocol on each connection.

13. An apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said first measuring unit measures, for each block and each of the plurality of connections, the first time on the basis of one of a transmission queue length and a transmission wait time of each connection and an effective throughput of a communication protocol on each connection.

14. An apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising

a path failure detection unit which detects a failure in each path, and

a communication quality measuring unit which measures a communication quality of each path,

wherein when a failure occurs in a path used by a connection and when communication performance of a connection is degraded, said connection selection unit selects to transmit a block in a transmission wait state in the connection by using another connection.

15. An apparatus according to claim 14, wherein when one of the connections is set in a retransmission timeout state not less than a predetermined number of times, said path failure detection unit determines that a failure occurs in the path used by the connection.

16. An apparatus according to claim 14, wherein when one of a packet round-trip delay time of a connection, a packet round-trip delay time change rate, an effective throughput of a communication protocol, a packet loss rate, a link band on a path, a free band on a path, and a usable band on a path is less than a threshold value, said communication quality measuring unit determines that the communication performance of the connection is degraded.

17. An apparatus according to claim 14, wherein said communication quality measuring unit comprises

an average communication quality measuring unit which measures an average communication quality of all connections, and

a comparison unit which compares the average communication quality measured by said average communication quality measuring unit with the communication quality of each connection, and when a connection whose communication quality is lower than the average communication quality by more than a predetermined ratio is present, determines that the communication performance of the connection is degraded.

18. An apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a stop unit which stops use of a connection with a lowest communication quality when the number of connections in use for communication is not less than a predetermined number.

19. An apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a connection count changing unit which changes the number of connections in use in accordance with a duration from a start of communication.

20. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said connection selection unit selects the connection to output for every packet, every predetermined data amount, or every data amount that forms a cluster for an upper layer.

21. A data communication method comprising:

a procedure of estimating, for each block and each of a plurality of connections, an arrival time until a block generated by segmenting transmission data arrives from an apparatus at one of a final reception terminal and a merging apparatus through a network;

a procedure of selecting, for each block, a connection with a shortest arrival time from the plurality of connections on the basis of an estimation result; and

a procedure of outputting each block to the network by using the selected connection.

22. A method according to claim 21, wherein the estimation procedure comprises

a procedure of measuring a first time after the block is distributed to the selected connection until the block is output to the network,

a procedure of measuring a second time after the block is output to the network until the block arrives at one of the reception terminal and the merging apparatus, and

a procedure of adding the first time and the second time to estimate the arrival time.

23. A method according to claim 21, wherein the estimation procedure comprises

a procedure of measuring a first time after the block is distributed to the selected connection until the block is output to the network,

a procedure of measuring a second time after the block is output to the network until the block arrives at a transit apparatus on a receiving side of the selected connection,

a procedure of measuring a third time until the block arrives from the transit apparatus at one of the reception terminal and the merging apparatus, and

a procedure of adding the first time, the second time, and the third time to estimate the arrival time.

24. A method according to claim 23, further comprising a procedure of notifying an apparatus located on a transmitting side of the connection selected by the selection procedure of the arrival time until the block arrives from the transit apparatus at one of the reception terminal and the merging apparatus, which is estimated by the estimation procedure in the transit apparatus,

wherein in the apparatus located on the transmitting side, in the third time measuring procedure, the arrival time received from the transit apparatus is obtained as the third time.

25. A method according to claim 21, further comprising

a procedure of determining a connection setting target before selection of the connection in accordance with one of an address of the reception terminal, a subnet to which the reception terminal belongs, an address of a transmission terminal, a subnet to which the transmission terminal belongs, an application type, a type of data to be transmitted, and a port number to be used by the application, and

a procedure of establishing a connection in accordance with determination of the connection setting target.

26. A method according to claim 25, wherein in the determination procedure, the connection setting target is determined, on the basis of a priority of each candidate and a communication quality of a path to each candidate, from a plurality of candidates corresponding to one of the address of the reception terminal, the subnet to which the reception terminal belongs, the address of the transmission terminal, the subnet to which the transmission terminal belongs, the application type, the type of data to be transmitted, and the port number to be used by the application.

27. A method according to claim 21, further comprising

a procedure of determining, before selection of the connection, a connection setting target corresponding to a data transmission destination by using information of a plurality of connection setting targets registered in advance in correspondence with the data transmission destination, and

a procedure of establishing a connection in accordance with determination of the connection setting target.

28. A method according to claim 21, further comprising

a procedure of determining, before selection of the connection, a data transmission destination as the connection setting target, when the connection setting target corresponding to the data transmission destination cannot be specified from information of a plurality of connection setting targets registered in advance in correspondence with the data transmission destination, and

a procedure of establishing a connection in accordance with determination of the connection setting target.

29. A method according to claim 28, further comprising

in an apparatus present between a connection setting request source and the connection setting target,

a procedure of receiving a connection setting request packet transmitted from the connection setting request source in place of the connection setting target, and

a procedure of transmitting, to the connection setting request source, an address of the apparatus as an address of the connection setting target.

30. A method according to claim 28, further comprising

in an apparatus present between a connection setting request source and the connection setting target,

a procedure of receiving a connection setting request packet transmitted from the connection setting request source in place of the connection setting target, and

a procedure of transmitting the connection setting request packet to the connection setting target by regarding the apparatus as the connection setting request source.

31. A method according to claim 21, further comprising

a procedure of determining, before selection of the connection, a plurality of connection setting targets corresponding to a data transmission destination by using information of a plurality of connection setting targets registered in advance in correspondence with the data transmission destination, and

a procedure of establishing a connection in accordance with determination of the connection setting target.

32. A method according to claim 21, further comprising

in an apparatus present between a connection setting request source and a connection setting target,

a procedure of receiving a connection setting request packet transmitted from the connection setting request source in place of the connection setting target, and

a procedure of setting a connection to another setting target, which belongs to the same group as the connection setting target indicated by the connection setting request packet, by using information of a plurality of connection setting targets registered in advance in correspondence with the data transmission destination.

33. A method according to claim 22, wherein in the first time measuring procedure, the first time is measured, for each block and each of the plurality of connections, on the basis of one of a transmission queue length and a transmission wait time of each connection and an effective throughput of a communication protocol on each connection.

34. A method according to claim 23, wherein in the first time measuring procedure, the first time is measured, for each block and each of the plurality of connections, on the basis of one of a transmission queue length and a transmission wait time of each connection and an effective throughput of a communication protocol on each connection.

35. A method according to claim 21, further comprising

a procedure of detecting a failure in each path, and

a procedure of measuring a communication quality of each path,

wherein in the selection procedure, when a failure occurs in a path used by a connection and when communication performance of a connection is degraded, selection is done to transmit a block in a transmission wait state in the connection by using another connection.

36. A method according to claim 35, wherein in the detection procedure, when one of the connections is set in a retransmission timeout state not less than a predetermined number of times, it is determined that a failure occurs in the path used by the connection.

37. A method according to claim 35, wherein in the communication quality measuring procedure, when one of a packet round-trip delay time of a connection, a packet round-trip delay time change rate, an effective throughput of a communication protocol, a packet loss rate, a link band on a path, a free band on a path, and a usable band on a path is less than a threshold value, it is determined that the communication performance of the connection is degraded.

38. A method according to claim 35, wherein the communication quality measuring procedure comprises

a procedure of measuring an average communication quality of all connections,

a procedure of comparing the measured average communication quality with the communication quality of each connection, and

a procedure of, when a connection whose communication quality is lower than the average communication quality by more than a predetermined ratio is present in the plurality of connections, determining that the communication performance of the connection is degraded.

39. A method according to claim 21, further comprising a procedure of stopping use of a connection with a lowest communication quality when the number of connections in use for communication is not less than a predetermined number.

40. A method according to claim 21, further comprising a procedure of changing the number of connections in use in accordance with a duration from a start of communication.

41. A method according to claim 21, wherein in the selection procedure, the connection to output is selected for every packet, every predetermined data amount, or every data amount that forms a cluster for an upper layer.

42. A data communication program which causes a computer to execute:

a procedure of estimating, for each block and each of a plurality of connections, an arrival time until a block generated by segmenting transmission data arrives from an apparatus at one of a final reception terminal and a merging apparatus through a network;

a procedure of selecting, for each block, a connection with a shortest arrival time from the plurality of connections on the basis of an estimation result; and

a procedure of outputting each block to the network by using the selected connection.