Potentiometric measurement of chloride concentration in an acidic solution
First Claim
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1. A method of measuring the concentration of chloride ions in a sample solution initially having a pH greater than 5, comprising the steps of:
- (a) adding an acidic reagent to the sample solution to lower the pH of the sample solution to 5 or less, thereby forming an acidified sample solution;
(b) contacting the acidified sample solution with an ion sensitive electrode comprising silver chloride; and
(c) measuring the electric potential of the acidified sample solution with the electrode.
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Abstract
Measuring chloride ions in a sample solution at acidic pH with a potentiometric silver chloride electrode is disclosed.
25 Citations
27 Claims
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1. A method of measuring the concentration of chloride ions in a sample solution initially having a pH greater than 5, comprising the steps of:
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(a) adding an acidic reagent to the sample solution to lower the pH of the sample solution to 5 or less, thereby forming an acidified sample solution;
(b) contacting the acidified sample solution with an ion sensitive electrode comprising silver chloride; and
(c) measuring the electric potential of the acidified sample solution with the electrode. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. A method of measuring the concentration of chloride ions in a clinical sample, comprising the steps of:
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(a) obtaining a solution comprising the clinical sample, wherein the solution has a pH of between about 6 and 8;
(b) adding an acidic reagent to the solution to lower the pH of the solution to 5 or less, thereby forming an acidified solution;
(c) contacting the acidified solution with an ion sensitive electrode comprising silver chloride; and
(d) measuring the electric potential of the acidified solution with the electrode. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11)
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12. A method of measuring the concentration of chloride ions in a plurality of sample solutions, comprising:
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(a) contacting one of the plurality of sample solutions with an ion selective electrode comprising silver chloride;
(b) measuring the electric potential of the sample solution of step (a) with the electrode;
(c) removing the sample solution of step (a);
(d) contacting the electrode with one or more buffer solutions;
(e) repeating steps (a) through (d) for each of the remaining sample solutions over a period of more than 2 months, thereby measuring the concentration of chloride ions in each of the plurality of sample solutions; and
(f) maintaining substantially all of the plurality of sample solutions and the one or more buffer solutions at a pH of 5 or less so that the electrode decreases in sensitivity by less than 30 percent over the period of more than 2 months. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. A method of operating an ion selective electrode comprising silver chloride, comprising the steps of:
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(a) calibrating the electrode;
(b) after step (a), measuring chloride concentration in one or more sample solutions having a pH of 5 or less by;
(i) contacting the electrode with the one or more sample solutions;
(ii) obtaining an electric potential measurement of the one or more sample solutions with the electrode to determine chloride concentration information; and
(iii) contacting the electrode with one or more buffer solutions having a pH of 5 or less, wherein the electrode is in substantially continuous contact with the one or more sample solutions and the one or more buffer solutions for a period of more than 3 days; and
(c) after step (b), evaluating the calibration of the electrode by;
(i) contacting the electrode with a solution having a known chloride concentration;
(ii) obtaining a chloride concentration measurement with the electrode, wherein the chloride concentration measurement obtained by the electrode is different by less than about 3 percent from the known chloride concentration of the solution having a known chloride concentration. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20)
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21. A method for measuring the concentration of ions in a sample solution with an analytical instrument, comprising:
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(a) contacting the sample solution with an ion selective electrode in the instrument, wherein the sample solution is at a pH greater than 5, and wherein the ion selective electrode is adapted to measure the electric potential of an ionic species in the solution other than chloride;
(b) measuring the electric potential of the sample solution with the electrode;
(c) lowering the pH of the solution to 5 or less, thereby forming an acidified sample solution;
(d) contacting the acidified sample solution with an electrode comprising silver chloride; and
(e) measuring the electric potential of the acidified solution with the electrode comprising silver chloride. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25)
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26. The method of claim 26, wherein step (c) comprises lowering the pH of the sample to about 2.5.
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27. A system for measuring the concentration of chloride ions in a sample solution, comprising:
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(a) an ion selective electrode adapted to measure the electric potential of an ionic species in the sample solution other than chloride at a pH greater than 5, the ion selective electrode being in communication with a first container for holding the sample solution;
(b) an ion selective electrode comprising silver chloride in communication with a second container for holding the sample solution;
(c) a first duct for conducting the sample solution from the first container to the second container;
(d) a container for holding an acidic reagent adapted to lower the pH of a solution initially at a pH greater than 5 to a pH of 5 or less; and
(e) a second duct for conducting the acidic reagent to the first duct or the second container.
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Specification