Method for production of tomographic slice images of an examination object using at least two X-ray beams at offset angles, and a computed tomography scanner for carrying out this method

• US 20060045235A1
• Filed: 08/30/2005
• Published: 03/02/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 08/31/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Siemens Healthineers AG (Siemens AG)
• Original Assignee: Siemens AG
• Inventors: Bruder, Herbert, Schaller, Stefan
• Granted Patent: US 7,403,588 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 378/9
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/032 Transmission computed tomography [CT]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4021 involving movement of the focal spot
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 11/005 Specific pre-processing for tomographic reconstruction, e.g. calibration, source positioning, rebinning, scatter correction, retrospective gating

Abstract

A method is disclosed for production of tomographic slice images of an examination object using a computed tomography scanner. In order to scan an examination object, at least two X-ray beams are produced, which each are at offset angles and fan out from a focus to an opposite detector and scan the examination object. The scans at least partially overlap. Detector output data which is emitted from the detector elements is measured together with physical orientation data of the beams and is converted to projection data sets. Slice images are then calculated. In order to calculate the complete slice images, data which is redundant from the measured data of the at least two X-ray beams from overlapping projection intervals is used for each complete slice image. The size of the overlap area of the projection data used from the individual X-ray beams is defined before the calculation of the slice images, in order to vary time resolution and image quality.

Claims

1. A method for production of tomographic slice images of an examination object using a computed tomography scanner, comprising:

scanning an examination object using at least two X-ray beams, the beams being at offset angles and fanning out from a focus to an opposite detector with a large number of detector elements, with scans at least partially overlapping,

measuring detector output data from the detector elements, representing attenuation of the beams passing through the examination object, together with direct or indirect physical orientation data of the beams and converting the data to projection data sets; and

calculating image slices, from the projection data sets of the at least two scanning X-ray beams, wherein data from a sum of scans with a projection interval of at least 180°

is used for each complete slice image and includes the measurement data from the at least two scanning X-ray beams, and wherein, in order to calculate the complete slice images, data redundant from the measured data of the at least two X-ray beams from overlapping projection intervals is used for each complete slice image, the size of the overlap area of the projection data used from the individual X-ray beams being defined before the calculation of the slice images, to vary time resolution and image quality.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in the overlap area of the projection data, the redundant data is weighted with a weighting function, such that the redundancy which results from the multiple measurement of the same object area by the at least two X-ray beams is compensated for.

3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the weighting function throughout the entire overlap area uniformly weights each component of the measurement values from n X-ray beams with 1/n.

4. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the weighting function in the majority of the overlap area uniformly weights each component of the measurement values from n X-ray beams with 1/n, and wherein there is a continuous rise in the weighting of the next X-ray beam in the revolution direction in the boundary area of the overlaps, with the sum of the weightings being 1.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, before the reconstruction process, weighted projection data sets are produced with a projection interval of at least 180°

, and complete slice images are reconstructed from them.

6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, during the reconstruction process, incomplete image elements are produced from the data sets of the individual X-ray beams with a projection interval of less than 180°

, and are weighted in order to produce complete slice images corresponding to the amount of overlap.

7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein two, and only two, X-ray beams are used, which are at offset angles to one another.

8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein three, and only three, X-ray beams are used, which are at offset angles to one another.

9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reconstructions are produced on a voxel basis.

10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a different overlap size is entered by the operator immediately before the calculation of the CT images.

11. The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein a plurality of slice image sequences are produced using the same measured detector output data during a scan with the at least two X-ray beams, and differ by the use of projection intervals with overlaps of different size.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein the beams are produced to scan at least partially cyclically moving examination areas.

18. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein two, and only two, X-ray beams are used, which are arranged at right angles to one another.

19. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein three, and only three, X-ray beams are used, which are offset through 60°

or 120°

.

12. A computed tomography scanner for production of slice image sequences of an examination object, comprising:

means for production of at least two X-ray beams, each originating from a focus in a fan shape and for rotating about a common system axis in order to scan the object;

means for reconstruction of slice image sequences from detector output data produced by the at least two X-ray beams; and

an input apparatus, provided for a desired overlap of the detector output data used from the at least two X-ray beams, in order to calculate the slice images.

13. The computed tomography scanner as claimed in claim 12, wherein the input apparatus is a potentiometer.

14. The computed tomography scanner as claimed in claim 12, wherein the input apparatus is a screen and program combination with a human device interface, thus making it possible to set the desired degree of overlap.

15. The computed tomography scanner as claimed in claim 12, wherein two, and only two, X-ray beams are provided.

16. The computed tomography scanner as claimed in claim 12, wherein three, and only three, X-ray beams are provided.

20. The computed tomography scanner of claim 12, wherein the computed tomography scanner is a cardio CT.

22. The computed tomography scanner as claimed in claim 12, wherein two, and only two, X-ray beams are provided, offset through 90°

.

23. The computed tomography scanner as claimed in claim 12, wherein three, and only three, X-ray beams are provided, offset through 60°

or 120°

.

21. A computed tomography scanner for production of slice image sequences of an examination object, comprising:

means for scanning an examination object using at least two X-ray beams, the beams being at offset angles and fanning out from a focus to an opposite detector with a large number of detector elements, with scans at least partially overlapping,

means for measuring detector output data from the detector elements, representing attenuation of the beams passing through the examination object, together with direct or indirect physical orientation data of the beams and converting the data to projection data sets; and

means for calculating image slices, from the projection data sets of the at least two scanning X-ray beams, wherein data from a sum of scans with a projection interval of at least 180°

is used for each complete slice image and includes the measurement data from the at least two scanning X-ray beams, and wherein, in order to calculate the complete slice images, data redundant from the measured data of the at least two X-ray beams from overlapping projection intervals is used for each complete slice image, the size of the overlap area of the projection data used from the individual X-ray beams being defined before the calculation of the slice images, to vary time resolution and image quality.