Apparatus and methods for optical analysis of molecules
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Abstract
The present invention relates to optical confinements, methods of preparing and methods of using them for analyzing molecules and/or monitoring chemical reactions. The apparatus and methods embodied in the present invention are particularly useful for high-throughout and low-cost single-molecular analysis.
157 Citations
25 Claims
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1-5. -5. (canceled)
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6. A substrate comprising:
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an array of a plurality of optical confinements, wherein each of the plurality of optical confinements comprises a core disposed within a cladding layer that is configured to preclude propagation of electromagnetic radiation through the core, and wherein each core is structured to receive reactants; and
wherein the plurality of optical confinements having a density of greater than 4×
104 confinements per mm2 are aligned upon the substrate in at least a first row or a first column, wherein said first row or said first column is aligned along at least a first axis of the substrate. - View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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20. An optical system, comprising:
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a substrate comprising;
an array of a plurality of optical confinements, wherein each of the plurality of optical confinements comprises a core disposed within a cladding layer that is configured to preclude propagation of electromagnetic radiation through the core, and wherein each core is structured to receive reactants; and
wherein the plurality of optical confinements are aligned upon the substrate in at least a first row or column that is aligned along at least a first axis of the substrate;
an excitation light source positioned to direct excitation light at the array of optical confinements; and
a charge coupled device (CCD) positioned to detect emitted signals from the array of optical confinements. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22, 23, 24, 25)
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Specification