Automatic gain control for a WLAN system
First Claim
1. An Automatic Gain Control (AGC) method, comprising:
- setting a gain of a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) and a gain of a Variable Gain Amplifier (VGA) according to preset upper boundaries LNA0 and VGA0 respectively;
detecting and comparing the power of a signal to a first power level until it exceeds the first power level, wherein the first power level exceeds an average noise power;
tuning the gains of the LNA and the VGA according to maximum preset values LNA1 and VGA1;
computing a second power level depending on an average power of the signal;
comparing the second power level to a first threshold, and moving to execute fine tune procedures if the second power level is less than or equal to the first threshold;
tuning the gain of the LNA and the VGA according to medium preset values LNA2 and VGA2 if the second power level exceeds the first threshold;
recalculating the second power level and comparing it to the first threshold, if the recalculated second power level is less than or equal to the first threshold, moving to execute fine tune procedures;
tuning the gain of the LNA and the VGA according to minimum preset values LNA3 and VGA3 if the recalculated second power level exceeds the first threshold;
beginning fine tune procedures by computing a third power level depending on an average power of the signal; and
tuning the gain of the VGA according to a difference between the third power level and a second threshold.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An Automatic Gain Control (AGC) method and system thereof. The power of a detected signal is first checked to ensure that it is large enough for AGC process. A power average of the detected signal is computed and compared to a first threshold in order to determine whether to proceed with a coarse tune procedure or enter a fine tune procedure. Both Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) gain and Variable Gain Amplifier (VGA) gain are tuned during coarse tune, whereas only the VGA gain is tuned during fine tune. The LNA and VGA gains are tuned to predetermined values during coarse tune, and the VGA gain is adjusted according to a difference between a computed average of power and a second threshold.
18 Citations
32 Claims
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1. An Automatic Gain Control (AGC) method, comprising:
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setting a gain of a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) and a gain of a Variable Gain Amplifier (VGA) according to preset upper boundaries LNA0 and VGA0 respectively;
detecting and comparing the power of a signal to a first power level until it exceeds the first power level, wherein the first power level exceeds an average noise power;
tuning the gains of the LNA and the VGA according to maximum preset values LNA1 and VGA1;
computing a second power level depending on an average power of the signal;
comparing the second power level to a first threshold, and moving to execute fine tune procedures if the second power level is less than or equal to the first threshold;
tuning the gain of the LNA and the VGA according to medium preset values LNA2 and VGA2 if the second power level exceeds the first threshold;
recalculating the second power level and comparing it to the first threshold, if the recalculated second power level is less than or equal to the first threshold, moving to execute fine tune procedures;
tuning the gain of the LNA and the VGA according to minimum preset values LNA3 and VGA3 if the recalculated second power level exceeds the first threshold;
beginning fine tune procedures by computing a third power level depending on an average power of the signal; and
tuning the gain of the VGA according to a difference between the third power level and a second threshold. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A system for Automatic Gain Control (AGC), comprising:
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a detection logic, detecting and comparing the power of a signal to a first power level, and outputting an AGC activating signal when the detected power exceeds the first power level, wherein the first power level exceeds an average noise power;
a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) gain controller, initializing an LNA gain to a preset upper boundary LNA0, tuning the LNA gain to a maximum preset value LNA1 if the detection logic outputs the AGC activating signal, and sequentially to a medium preset value VNA2 and a minimum preset value LNA3 if receiving a coarse tune signal;
a Variable Gain Amplifier (VGA) gain controller, initializing a VGA gain to a preset upper boundary VGA0, tuning the VGA gain to a maximum preset value VGA1 if the detection logic outputs the AGC activating signal, sequentially to a medium preset value VNA2 and a minimum preset value LNA3 if receiving the coarse tune signal, and further tuning the VGA gain according to a fine tune signal;
a second power computing unit, calculating a second power level depending on an average power of the signal;
a coarse gain decision unit, comparing the second power level to a first threshold, instructing the LNA and VGA gain controllers to tune the gains to LNA2 and VGA2 respectively by sending the coarse tune signal and requesting the second power computing unit to recalculate the second power level if the second power level exceeds the first threshold, then comparing the recalculated second power level to the first threshold, instructing the LNA and VGA gain controllers to tune the gain to LNA3 and VGA3 respectively by sending the coarse tune signal if the recalculated second power level exceeds the first threshold;
a third power computing unit, calculating a third power level depending on an average power of the signal; and
a fine gain decision unit, instructing the VGA gain controller to tune the VGA gain according to a difference between the third power level and a second threshold as the fine tune signal. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. An Automatic Gain Control (AGC) method of controlling a wireless receiver having a gain of a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) and a gain of a Variable Gain Amplifier (VGA) for determining a final gain setting LNAFinal and VGAFinal of the LNA and VGA, comprising:
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(i) setting initial gains for the LNA and the VGA corresponding to a maximum gain;
(ii) detecting and determining whether the power of a received RF signal is within a valid receiving range;
(iii) coarse-tuning the gains of the LNA and the VGA according to a subsequent preset value if the power of the received RF signal is not within the valid receiving range;
wherein a plurality of preset values for the gains are arranged in order so that the subsequent preset value is lower than the antecedent preset value;
(iv) repeating steps (ii) and (iii) if the power of the received RF signal is still outside the valid receiving range, else fixing the current gain of the LNA as LNAFinal;
(v) computing an average power of the received RF signal; and
(vi) fine-tuning the gain of the VGA to be VGAFinal according to a difference between the average power and a threshold. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
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27. An Automatic Gain Control (AGC) apparatus of controlling a wireless receiver having a gain of a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) and a gain of a Variable Gain Amplifier (VGA) for determining a final gain setting LNAFinal and VGAFinal of the LNA and VGA, comprising:
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means for setting initial gains for the LNA and the VGA corresponding to a maximum gain;
means for detecting and determining whether the power of a received RF signal is within a valid receiving range;
means for coarse-tuning the gains of the LNA and the VGA according to a subsequent preset value if the power of the received RF signal is not within the valid receiving range;
wherein a plurality of preset values for the gains are arranged in order so that the subsequent preset value is lower than the antecedent preset value;
means for computing an average power of the received RF signal; and
means for fine-tuning the gain of the VGA to be VGAFinal according to a difference between the average power and a threshold;
wherein the detecting and determining means requests the coarse-tuning means to tune the gains of the LNA and VGA again if the power of the received RF signal is still outside the valid receiving range, else fixes the current gain of the LNA as LNAFinal. - View Dependent Claims (28, 29, 30, 31, 32)
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Specification