Embedded device with image rotation

US 20060077211A1
Filed: 04/28/2005
Published: 04/13/2006
Est. Priority Date: 09/29/2004
Status: Abandoned Application

First Claim

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1. An embedded device, comprising:

an angle of rotation defining mechanism to define an angle of rotation for an image; and

a rotation mechanism to apply a rotation transformation to the image using the angle and using only integer arithmetic such that pixels within the image are mapped to rotated positions.

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Abstract

One embodiment of an embedded device comprises an angle of rotation defining mechanism and a rotation mechanism. The angle of rotation defining mechanism is adapted to define an arbitrary angle of rotation for an image. The rotation mechanism is adapted to apply a rotation transformation angle to the image using the arbitrary and using only integer arithmetic such that pixels within the image are mapped to rotated positions.

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29 Claims

1. An embedded device, comprising:
- an angle of rotation defining mechanism to define an angle of rotation for an image; and
  
  a rotation mechanism to apply a rotation transformation to the image using the angle and using only integer arithmetic such that pixels within the image are mapped to rotated positions.
- View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
- - 2. The device of claim 1, further comprising a user interface coupled to the angle of rotation defining mechanism to acquire the angle of rotation.
  - 3. The device of claim 1, wherein the angle of rotation defining mechanism is adapted to map the angle of rotation α
    - to a mapped angle of rotation β
      
      , and the rotation mechanism uses the mapped angle of rotation in applying the rotation transformation.
  - 4. The device of claim 3, wherein the mapped angle of rotation β
    - satisfies the inequality 0°
      
      ≦
      
      β
      
      ≦
      
      90°
      
      .
  - 5. The device of claim 4, wherein the rotation transformation is represented by a matrix transformation:
    - $[\begin{matrix} x_{out} - x_{o} \\ y_{out} - y_{o} \end{matrix}] = [\begin{matrix} \cos θ & - \sin θ \\ \sin θ & \cos θ \end{matrix}] \cdot [\begin{matrix} x_{in} - x_{o} \\ y_{in} - y_{o} \end{matrix}]$ wherein x_inand y_inare location coordinates for a pixel of the image, x_outand y_outare location coordinates for the rotated position of the pixel, x_oand y_oare location coordinates for a center of rotation of the rotation transformation, and θ
      
      is the mapped angle of rotation β
      
      expressed in units of radians.
  - 6. The device of claim 5, wherein the relationship between the angle of rotation a and the mapped angle of rotation β
    - are represented by the following equations;
      
      $\begin{matrix} If 0 ° \leq α < 90 °, β = α and {\begin{matrix} \sin α = \sin β \\ \cos α = \cos β \end{matrix} \\ If 90 ° \leq α < 180 °, β = 180 ° - α and {\begin{matrix} \sin α = \sin (180 ° - β) \\ \cos α = - \cos (180 ° - β) \end{matrix} \\ If 180 ° \leq α < 270 °, β = α - 180 ° and {\begin{matrix} \sin α = - \sin (β - 180 °) \\ \cos α = - \cos (β - 180 °) \end{matrix} \\ If 270 ° \leq α < 360 °, β = 360 ° - α and {\begin{matrix} \sin α = - \sin (360 ° - β) \\ \cos α = \cos (360 ° - β) \end{matrix} . \end{matrix}$
  - 7. The device of claim 5, wherein the rotation mechanism approximates the values of the sine and cosine functions of the matrix transformation to obtain values accurate to within a desired accuracy threshold.
  - 8. The device of claim 7, wherein the rotation mechanism approximates the values of the sine and cosine functions of the matrix transformation using one or more terms of Taylor series sine and cosine approximations.
  - 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the rotation mechanism uses a first number of Taylor series terms if the mapped angle of rotation β
    - is below a threshold angle and a second number of Taylor series terms of the mapped angle of rotation β
      
      is above the threshold angle.
  - 10. The device of claim 1, wherein the rotation mechanism includes an integer operations facilitator adapted to convert non-integer terms to integers and to perform calculations in an order of calculation that prevents integer overflow.
  - 11. The device of claim 1, wherein the embedded device is a mobile phone.

12. A machine-readable medium encoded with data, the data being interoperable with a machine to cause:
- defining an angle of rotation for an image; and
  
  applying a rotation transformation using the angle to the image using only integer arithmetic such that pixels within the image are mapped to rotated positions.
- View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
- - 13. The medium of claim 12, wherein the data is interoperable with a machine to further cause mapping the angle of rotation β
    - and using the mapped angle of rotation in applying the rotation transformation.
  - 14. The medium of claim 13, wherein data is interoperable with a machine to cause the mapped angle of rotation β
    - to satisfy the inequality 0°
      
      ≦
      
      β
      
      ≦
      
      90°
      
      .
  - 15. The medium of claim 14, wherein the data is interoperable with a machine to cause the rotation transformation to be represented by a matrix transformation:
    - $[\begin{matrix} x_{out} - x_{o} \\ y_{out} - y_{o} \end{matrix}] = [\begin{matrix} \cos θ & - \sin θ \\ \sin θ & \cos θ \end{matrix}] \cdot [\begin{matrix} x_{in} - x_{o} \\ y_{in} - y_{o} \end{matrix}]$ wherein x_inand y_inare location coordinates for a pixel of the image, x_outand y_outare location coordinates for the rotated position of the pixel, x₀and y_oare location coordinates for a center of rotation of the rotation transformation, and θ
      
      is the mapped angle of rotation β
      
      expressed in units of radians.
  - 16. The device of claim 15, wherein the data is interoperable with a machine to cause the relationship between the arbitrary angle of rotation α
    - and the mapped angle of rotation β
      
      to be represented by;
      
      $\begin{matrix} If 0 ° \leq α < 90 °, β = α and {\begin{matrix} \sin α = \sin β \\ \cos α = \cos β \end{matrix} \\ If 90 ° \leq α < 180 °, β = 180 ° - α and {\begin{matrix} \sin α = \sin (180 ° - β) \\ \cos α = - \cos (180 ° - β) \end{matrix} \\ If 180 ° \leq α < 270 °, β = α - 180 ° and {\begin{matrix} \sin α = - \sin (β - 180 °) \\ \cos α = - \cos (β - 180 °) \end{matrix} \\ If 270 ° \leq α < 360 °, β = 360 ° - α and {\begin{matrix} \sin α = - \sin (360 ° - β) \\ \cos α = \cos (360 ° - β) \end{matrix} . \end{matrix}$
  - 17. The medium of claim 15, wherein the data is interoperable with a machine to cause approximating the values of the sine and cosine functions of the matrix transformation to obtain values accurate to within a desired accuracy threshold.
  - 18. The medium of claim 17, wherein the data is interoperable with a machine to cause approximating the values of the sine and cosine functions of the matrix transformation using one or more terms of Taylor series sine and cosine approximations.
  - 19. The medium of claim 18, wherein the data is interoperable with a machine to cause using a first number of Taylor series terms if the mapped angle of rotation β
    - is below a threshold angle and a second number of Taylor series terms of the mapped angle of rotation β
      
      is above the threshold angle.
  - 20. The medium of claim 12, wherein the data is interoperable with a machine to cause converting non-integer terms to integers and performing calculations in an order of calculation that prevents integer overflow.

21. Apparatus comprising:
- an embedded device;
  
  means within the embedded device for defining an angle of rotation for an image; and
  
  means within the embedded device for applying a rotation transformation using the angle to the image using only integer arithmetic such that pixels within the image are mapped to rotated positions.
- View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25)
- - 22. The apparatus of claim 21, further comprising means for mapping the angle of rotation α
    - to a mapped angle of rotation β and
      
      using the mapped angle of rotation in applying the rotation transformation.
  - 23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the rotation transformation is represented by a matrix transformation:
    - $[\begin{matrix} x_{out} - x_{o} \\ y_{out} - y_{o} \end{matrix}] = [\begin{matrix} \cos θ & - \sin θ \\ \sin θ & \cos θ \end{matrix}] \cdot [\begin{matrix} x_{in} - x_{o} \\ y_{in} - y_{o} \end{matrix}]$ wherein x_inand y_inare location coordinates for a pixel of the image, x_outand y_outare location coordinates for the rotated position of the pixel, x_oand y_oare location coordinates for a center of rotation of the rotation transformation, and θ
      
      is the mapped angle of rotation β
      
      expressed in units of radians.
  - 24. The apparatus of claim 23, further comprising means for approximating the values of the sine and cosine functions of Equation (1).
  - 25. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the means for approximating approximate the values of the sine and cosine functions of Equation (1) using a first level of accuracy for a first range of the mapped angle of rotation β
    - and a second level of accuracy for a second range of the mapped angle of rotation β
      
      .

26. A mobile phone, comprising:
- a receiver/transmitter assembly;
  
  a microprocessor;
  
  an angle of rotation defining mechanism to define an angle of rotation for an image; and
  
  a rotation mechanism to apply a rotation transformation using the angle to the image using only integer arithmetic such that pixels within the image are mapped to rotated positions.
- View Dependent Claims (27, 28, 29)
- - 27. The mobile phone of claim 26, wherein the microprocessor is an integer microprocessor.
  - 28. The mobile phone of claim 27, further comprising a keypad and a display screen.
  - 29. The mobile phone of claim 28, further comprising a digital camera.

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Current Assignee
Qualcomm, Inc.
Original Assignee
Qualcomm, Inc.
Inventors
Zhou, Mengyao

Application Number

US11/119,286
Publication Number

US 20060077211A1
Time in Patent Office

Days
Field of Search
US Class Current

345/650
CPC Class Codes

G06T 3/606 by memory addressing or map...

H04N 1/3877 Image rotation

Embedded device with image rotation

First Claim

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Abstract

35 Citations

29 Claims

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Embedded device with image rotation

First Claim

1 Assignment

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Abstract

35 Citations

29 Claims

Specification

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