R-isomer of 2-{2[N-(2-indanyl)-N-phenylamino]ethyl}piperidine and other dermal anesthetics
First Claim
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1. A substantially pure R-isomer of a compound having the formula:
- or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, base, or mixture thereof, wherein n is equal to 0, 1, 2, or 3, Z represents two hydrogen atoms or an oxygen atom, the (CH2)n group having a straight or branched chain, B represents hydrogen, an alkoxy radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a group of the formula in which R3 and R4 may independently be selected from the group consisting of methoxy, ethoxy, a lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, whereby R3 may also represent hydrogen, A is a 2-pyridyl radical, an unsubstituted phenyl radical or a phenyl radical substituted by at least one substituent in the ortho, meta and/or para position, and R1 represents a hydrogen, or a lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms and the piperidine nucleus is attached at the 2-, 3-, or 4-position, wherein the compound is useful for inducing anesthesia and analgesia in a patient in need thereof.
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the R-isomers of anesthetic compounds, the methods of treatment therewith, the compounds being useful for inducing local anesthesia, analgesia and sleep.
80 Citations
76 Claims
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1. A substantially pure R-isomer of a compound having the formula:
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or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, base, or mixture thereof, wherein n is equal to 0, 1, 2, or 3, Z represents two hydrogen atoms or an oxygen atom, the (CH2)n group having a straight or branched chain, B represents hydrogen, an alkoxy radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a group of the formula in which R3 and R4 may independently be selected from the group consisting of methoxy, ethoxy, a lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, whereby R3 may also represent hydrogen, A is a 2-pyridyl radical, an unsubstituted phenyl radical or a phenyl radical substituted by at least one substituent in the ortho, meta and/or para position, and R1 represents a hydrogen, or a lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms and the piperidine nucleus is attached at the 2-, 3-, or 4-position, wherein the compound is useful for inducing anesthesia and analgesia in a patient in need thereof. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
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7. A pharmaceutical formulation for providing anesthesia and analgesia in a patient in need thereof, comprising:
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a therapeutically effective amount of substantially pure R-isomer of a compound of formula;
or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, base, or mixture thereof, wherein n is equal to 0, 1, 2, or 3, Z represents two hydrogen atoms or an oxygen atom, the (CH2)n group having a straight or branched chain, B represents hydrogen, an alkoxy radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a group of the formula in which R3 and R4 may independently be selected from the group consisting of methoxy, ethoxy, a lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, whereby R3 may also represent hydrogen, A is a 2-pyridyl radical, an unsubstituted phenyl radical or a phenyl radical substituted by at least one substituent in the ortho, meta and/or para position, and R1 represents a hydrogen, or a lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms and the piperidine nucleus is attached at the 2-, 3-, or 4-position, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. - View Dependent Claims (8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36)
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37. A method of inducing anesthesia in a patient in need thereof, comprising:
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administering to a discrete site in a patient in need thereof an anesthetic inducing amount of a substantially pure R-isomer of a compound of formula;
or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, base, or mixture thereof, wherein n is equal to 0, 1, 2, or 3, Z represents two hydrogen atoms or an oxygen atom, the (CH2)n group having a straight or branched chain, B represents hydrogen, an alkoxy radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a group of the formula in which R3 and R4 may independently be selected from the group consisting of methoxy, ethoxy, a lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, whereby R3 may also represent hydrogen, A is a 2-pyridyl radical, an unsubstituted phenyl radical or a phenyl radical substituted by at least one substituent in the ortho, meta and/or para position, and R1 represents a hydrogen, or a lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms and the piperidine nucleus is attached at the 2-, 3-, or 4-position, wherein administration of the compound to the discrete site provides an onset of action faster than that of lidocaine administration to the discrete site. - View Dependent Claims (38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48)
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49. A method of providing analgesia or alleviating pain in a patient in need thereof, comprising:
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administering to a discrete site in a patient in need thereof an anesthetic inducing amount of a substantially pure R-isomer of a compound of formula;
or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, base, or mixture thereof, wherein n is equal to 0, 1, 2, or 3, Z represents two hydrogen atoms or an oxygen atom, the (CH2)n group having a straight or branched chain, B represents hydrogen, an alkoxy radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a group of the formula in which R3 and R4 may independently be selected from the group consisting of methoxy, ethoxy, a lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, whereby R3 may also represent hydrogen, A is a 2-pyridyl radical, an unsubstituted phenyl radical or a phenyl radical substituted by at least one substituent in the ortho, meta and/or para position, and R1 containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms and the piperidine nucleus is attached at the 2-, 3-, or 4-position, wherein administration of the compound to the discrete site provides an onset of action faster than that of lidocaine administration to the discrete site. - View Dependent Claims (50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68)
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69. A method of improving sleep in a patient in need thereof, comprising:
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administering to a discrete site in a patient in need thereof an anesthetic inducing amount of a substantially pure R-isomer of a compound of formula;
or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, base, or mixture thereof, wherein n is equal to 0, 1, 2, or 3, Z represents two hydrogen atoms or an oxygen atom, the (CH2)n group having a straight or branched chain, B represents hydrogen, an alkoxy radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a group of the formula in which R3 and R4 may independently be selected from the group consisting of methoxy, ethoxy, a lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, whereby R3 may also represent hydrogen, A is a 2-pyridyl radical, an unsubstituted phenyl radical or a phenyl radical substituted by at least one substituent in the ortho, meta and/or para position, and R1 represents a hydrogen, or a lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms and the piperidine nucleus is attached at the 2-, 3-, or 4-position, wherein administration of the compound to the discrete site provides an onset of action faster than that of lidocaine administration to the discrete site, and wherein administration of the compound alleviates pain experienced by the patient and provides for improved sleep resulting from the alleviation of pain.
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70. A process for preparing R-2-{2-[N-(2-indanyl)-N-phenylamino]ethyl}piperidine (R-LAC-34) comprising:
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a) sequentially converting;
i) an N-protected D-pipecolic acid to a corresponding diazomethyl ketone;
ii) the diazomethyl ketone to a methyl ester;
iii) the methyl ester to a primary alcohol; and
iv) the primary alcohol to an R-alkyl halide;
b) reacting the R-alkyl halide with 2-(phenylamino)indane; and
c) removing an N-protecting group to obtain R-2-{2-[N-(2-indanyl)-N-phenylamino]ethyl}piperidine (R-LAC-34). - View Dependent Claims (71, 72, 73, 74, 75)
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76. A method of preparing an R-isomer of a compound of formula 1:
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comprising;
a) by reacting a compound of formula 2 with an R-enantiomer of a compound of formula 3, wherein R1 represents a lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl and X is a halogen (bromo, chloro, fluoro, iodo) or a reactive esterified hydroxyl group, to form a compound of formula 1; and
b) hydrogenating a compound of formula 1 , wherein R1 is a residue removable by means of hydrogenolysis to give a compound of formula 1, wherein R1 is hydrogen; and
c) hydrolyzing a compound of formula 1, wherein R1 is a residue removable by means of hydrolysis, to form a compound of formula 1, wherein R1 is hydrogen; and
d) transforming free bases obtained into their salts or transforming salts into their free bases.
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Specification