Motor drive system and process

• US 20060091833A1
• Filed: 10/26/2005
• Published: 05/04/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 10/29/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Inventors: Yoshimoto, Kantaro, Kitajima, Yasuhiko
• Granted Patent: US 7,183,728 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 318/109
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/5388 with asymmetrical configuration of switches
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 27/14 with three or more levels of voltage

Abstract

A motor drive system includes a multi-output dc power source providing three or more output potentials, and a switching circuit including switching devices connected, respectively, with the output potentials of the multi-output power source. A controller determines a command apply voltage representing a desired voltage to be applied to the motor, and further determines a plurality of command share voltages corresponding to supply voltages of the multi-output dc power source, from the command apply voltage. The controller produces a pulsed voltage by driving the switching devices in accordance with the command share voltages.

Claims

1. A motor drive system for driving a motor, comprising:

a multi-output dc power source providing three or more output potentials;

a switching circuit including switching devices connected, respectively, with the output potentials of the multi-output power source, and arranged to drive the motor with power of the power source; and

a controller configured

to determine a command apply voltage representing a desired voltage to be applied to the motor,

to determine a plurality of command share voltages corresponding to supply voltages of the multi-output dc power source, from the command apply voltage, and

to produce a pulsed voltage by driving the switching devices in accordance with the command share voltages.

2. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller comprises a pulse generating section to produce PWM pulse signals each corresponding to one of the output potentials of the power source.

3. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 2, wherein

the multi-output dc power source includes a first source terminal to provide, as one of the output potentials, a first output potential, a second source terminal to provide, as one of the output potentials, a second output potential and a third source terminal to provide, as one of the output potentials, a common potential;

and

the pulse generating section of the controller is configured to produce a first PWM pulse signal for driving the switching device for one of the supply voltages in a first time interval within each PWM period and a second PWM pulse signal for driving the switching device for the other of the supply voltages in a second time interval within each PWM period.

4. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 3, wherein a ratio between the first time interval to produce the first PWM pulse signal and the second time interval to produce the second PWM pulse signal within each PWM period is constant.

5. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 3, wherein

the controller comprises a voltage distribution section configured to determine the command share voltages corresponding to the supply voltages of the multi-output dc power source, from the command apply voltage in accordance with a voltage distribution command representing a desired amount of power to be supplied from the first source terminal for providing the first output potential and a desired amount of power to be supplied from the second source terminal for providing the second output potential;

and

the pulse generating section of the controller is configured to vary the first and second time intervals in accordance with the voltage distribution command.

6. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the pulse generating section determines the first time interval in proportion to the first desired amount of power to be supplied from the first source terminal, and the second time interval in proportion to the second desired amount of power to be supplied from the second source terminal.

7. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the pulse generating section of the controller is configured to vary the first and second time intervals within a range bounded between an upper limit and a lower limit.

8. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pulse generating section of the controller is configured to produce two on pulses, as the first PWM pulse signal, respectively, in both end portions of one PWM period, and an on pulse, as the second PWM pulse signal, in a middle portion of one PWM period between the two on pulses of the first PWM pulse.

9. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the pulse generating section of the controller is configured to produce the first PWM pulse signal and the second PWM pulse signal, respectively, by using first and second carriers which are inverted in phase.

10. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 9, wherein the pulse generating section of the controller is configured to convert the first command share voltage into a first command modulation factor by normalization with the first supply voltage, and by modification with the voltage distribution command, and to convert the second command share voltage into a second command modulation factor by normalization with the second supply voltage, and by modification with the voltage distribution command;

and the pulse generating section is configured to produce the first PWM pulse by comparing the first carrier with the first command modulation factor and to produce the second PWM pulse by comparing the second carrier with the second command modulation factor.

11. The motor drive system as claimed in the claim 10 wherein the pulse generating section is configured to determine the first command modulation factor by modifying, with the first desired amount of power to be supplied from the first source terminal, an instantaneous target modulation factor calculated by the normalization of the first command share voltage with the first supply voltage, and to determine the second command modulation factor by modifying, with the second desired amount of power to be supplied from the second source terminal, an instantaneous target modulation factor calculated by the normalization of the second command share voltage with the second supply voltage.

12. The motor drive system as claimed in the claim 11 wherein the pulse generating section is configured to determine the first and second command modulation factors by addition of an offset quantity determined in accordance with the first and second supply voltages, and the first and second desired amounts of power.

13. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pulse generating section of the controller is configured to produce a first on pulse, as the first PWM pulse signal, in a first end portion of one PWM period, and a second on pulse, as the second PWM pulse signal, in a second end portion of one PWM period so that the first on pulse in one PWM period is adjacent to the second on pulse in an adjacent PWM period.

14. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 13, wherein the pulse generating section of the controller is configured to produce the first PWM pulse signal and the second PWM pulse signal, respectively, by using first and second sawtooth carriers which are symmetrical with each other and an apex of the first sawtooth carrier is coincident with an apex of the second sawtooth carrier.

15. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pulse generating section of the controller is configured to hold two of the switching devices OFF for a predetermined time to prevent a short-circuit between two of the source terminals, and to turn one of the two of the switching devices from OFF to ON after the elapse of the predetermined time.

16. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pulse generating section of the controller is configured to prevent a simultaneous turn-on of two of the switching devices paired in a first pair to prevent a short-circuit in a first current path between two of the source terminals, by interposing a temporary off state in which both of the two switching devices in the first pair are OFF, between a first switching state in which a first one of the switching devices of the first pair is OFF and a second one of the switching devices of the first pair is ON, and a second switching state in which the first one is ON and the second one is OFF.

17. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 16, wherein the pulse generating section of the controller is configured to prevent a simultaneous turn-on of two of the switching devices paired in a second pair to prevent a short-circuit in a second current path between two of the source terminals, by controlling at least one of the switching devices of the second pair in accordance with a switching operation of at least one of the switching devices of the first pair.

18. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 16, wherein the pulse generating section of the controller is configured to determine a selected path selected from a plurality of inter-terminal paths between two of the source terminals of the multi-output dc power source, and to prevent a simultaneous turn-on of two of the switching devices paired in the selected path to prevent a short-circuit in the selected path, by interposing the temporary off state between the first switching state and the second switching state.

19. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 18, wherein the pulse generating section of the controller is configured to determine a potential difference between two of the source terminals and to select one of the inter-terminal paths as the selected path in accordance with the potential difference.

20. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 19, wherein the pulse generating section of the controller is configured to perform a hysteresis control to determine the potential difference.

21. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 19, wherein the pulse generating section of the controller is configured to select one of the inter-terminal paths for prevention of a short-circuit in accordance with a sign of the potential difference.

22. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pulse generating section of the controller is configured to monitor the drive signals to the switching devices to detect an all-off state in which all the switching devices are to be turned off, and to turn on at least one of the switching devices so as to secure a current path from the motor to the multi-output dc power source when the all-off state is detected.

23. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pulse generating section is configured to limit the command share voltages, and thereby to secure a current path from the motor to the multi-output dc power source.

24. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pulse generating section is configured to calculates a plurality of command modulation factors, respectively, from the command share voltages, to limit the command modulation factors to secure a current path form the motor to the multi-output dc power source, and to produce the PWM pulse signals, respectively, in accordance with the command modulation factors.

25. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pulse generating section is configured to produce a short-circuit preventing switch drive signal to prevent a short-circuit in an inter-terminal path between two of the source terminals, and a short-circuit allowing switch drive signal to allow a short-circuit in the inter-terminal path;

and to secure a current path from the motor to the multi-output dc power source by outputting one selected between the short-circuit preventing switch drive signal and the short-circuit allowing switch drive signal.

26. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 25, wherein the pulse generating section of the controller is configured to monitor the drive signals to the switch devices to detect an all-off state in which all the switch devices are to be turned off, and to turn on at least one of the switch devices so as to form a current path from the motor to the multi-output dc power source when the all off state is detected.

27. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 25, wherein the pulse generating section is configured to compare the supply voltages with each other, and to select one between the short-circuit preventing switch drive signal and the short-circuit allowing switch drive signal, in accordance with the result of the comparison between the supply voltages.

28. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 25, wherein the pulse generating section is configured to select a current path so as to prevent excessive current flow when the short-circuit allowing switch drive signal is selected.

29. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 27, wherein the pulse generating section is configured to compare the supply voltages with each other with a threshold to provide a hysteresis.

30. A motor drive process for driving a motor with power of a multi-output dc power source providing three or more output potentials, the motor drive process comprises:

calculating a command apply voltage representing a desired voltage to be applied to the motor;

calculating a plurality of command share voltages corresponding to at least two of the output potentials of the multi-output dc power source, from the command apply voltage; and

producing a pulsed voltage to drive the motor by connecting one of the output potentials to the motor in accordance with the command share voltages.

31. A motor drive system comprising:

an ac motor;

a multi-output dc power source including first, second and source terminals providing three output potentials;

a switching circuit including first, second and third switching devices which are connected, respectively, with the first, second and third source terminals, and which are driven, respectively, by first, second and third PWM pulse signals to connect one of the source terminals with the motor to drive the motor with power of the multi-output dc power source; and

a controller configured

to produce the first PWM pulse signal by comparing a first desired modulation factor with a first periodic carrier signal,

to produce the second PWM pulse signal by comparing a second desired modulation factor with a second periodic carrier signal, and

to control a ratio between an amount of power supplied from the first source terminal and an amount of power supplied from the second source terminal, by varying the first desired modulation factor and the second desired modulation factor.

32. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 31, wherein the first and second periodic carrier signals alternate between an upper limit and a lower limit periodically so that a point at which the first periodic carrier signal reaches the upper limit is coincident with a point at which the second periodic carrier signal reaches the lower limit;

wherein the controller is configured to determine the first and second desired modulation factors in accordance with the first output potential and the second output potential; and

wherein the controller is configured to produce the third PWM pulse signal from the first and second PWM pulse signals.

33. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 31, wherein the controller is configured

to calculate a command apply voltage representing a desired voltage to be applied to the motor to achieve a desired motor output torque,

to calculate a first command share voltage by multiplying the command apply voltage by a first power supply distribution ratio and a second command share voltage by multiplying the command apply voltage by a second power supply distribution ratio,

to calculate a first command modulation factor in accordance with the first command share voltage and the first output potential, and a second command modulation factor in accordance with the second command share voltage and the second output potential, and

to calculate the first desired modulation factor by subtraction of a first subtrahend from the first command modulation factor, and the second desired modulation factor by subtraction of a second subtrahend from the second command modulation factor.

34. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 33, wherein the first and second subtrahends are constant.

35. The motor drive system as claimed in claim 33, wherein the controller is configured to calculate the first and second subtrahends in accordance with the first and second power supply distribution ratios.

36. A motor drive system for driving a motor with power of a multi-output dc power source providing three or more output potentials, the motor drive system comprises:

switching devices connected, respectively, with the output potentials of the multi-output power source, and arranged to drive the motor with power of the power source;

first calculating means for calculating a command apply voltage representing a desired voltage to be applied to the motor;

second calculating means for calculating a plurality of command share voltages corresponding to supply voltages of the multi-output dc power source, from the command apply voltage; and

means for producing a pulsed voltage to drive the motor by driving the switching devices in accordance with the command share voltages.